• School Mathematics
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.691-712
• /
• 2017

It is an important to develop teachers' statistical reasoning or thinking by teacher education. In this study, the "comparing two data sets" tasks is focused as a way to develop pre-service elementary teachers' reasoning about core ideas of statistics such as distribution, variability, center, and spread. 6 teams of each 4 pre-service elementary teachers participated on the tasks and their presentations are analyzed based on Pfannkuch's (2006) teachers' inference model in comparing two data sets. As a result, they paid attention to the distribution and variability in the statistical problem solving by the "comparing two data sets" tasks, and used their contextual knowledge to make a statistical decision. In addition, they used some statistics and graphs as the reference for statistical communication, which is expected to provide implications for improving statistical education. The finding implies that the "comparing two data sets" tasks can be used to develop statistical reasoning of pre-service elementary teachers. Some recommendations are suggested for teacher education by these tasks.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
• /
• v.21 no.2 s.30
• /
• pp.227-270
• /
• 2007

We described the overall explanation about R statistical package in Jang(2007). With referring the contents of the 7th national mathematics curriculum, we suggest the plan for applications of R package on probability and statistics education in elementary, middle and high school mathematics.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.171-176
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to Show the relationships between three forms of the axiom of choice and well-ordering in an elementary topos.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.15-28
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study were to identify consumer educational needs of elementary school teachers and to analyze the factors affecting it. The data for the analysis were collected by structured questionaires and consisted of 253 elementary school teachers living in Taegu city. The descriptive statistics, t-test and one way ANOVA with Scheffee test were used to analyse the data. The following is summary of major findings. 1. Teachers though that the topics related to environment protection and consumption value were the most important in the consumer education of elementary school among the five topics. These topics were also very emphasized in the current elementary school curriculum. The topics related to consumer citizenship and buying were ranked as the highest scores of the educational needs of teachers. Therefore these topics should be emphasized in the future consumer education curriculum of elementary school. 2. The age, sex and period of educational career of teacher. teacher’s perception of student’s and teacher’s interests about consumer education and teacher’s wants of on-the job traing were found to be the factors affecting consumer educational needs of elementary teachers.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.321-332
• /
• 2013

Because of the continuous low birthrates, the number of the elementary students will decrease by 17% in 2020 compared to 2011. The purpose of this study is to forecast the number of elementary school teachers until 2020. We used the data in education statistical year books from 1970 to 2010. We used the time-series regression model, time series grouped regression model and exponential smoothing model to predict the number of teachers for the next ten years. Consequently time-series grouped regression model is a better model for forecasting the number of elementary school teachers than other models.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.395-411
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to explore the elementary English conversation instructors' perception on their professionalism and the needs of teacher training program. The survey data were attained from 136 elementary English conversation instructors. Descriptive statistics were employed to discuss the result of the survey response. The results of this study revealed that the elementary English conversation instructors perceived the need of in-service training program for their professionalism improvement, especially in teaching techniques for four language skills. The result also revealed that the instructors need to be more equipped with the knowledge of elementary learners' developmental psychology and L2 learning process. The study concludes with several suggestions for elementary English conversation instructors' improvement of teaching professionalism and in-service training program.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.64-75
• /
• 2019

This study analyzed the clothing color preferences of elementary students and the colors of clothes actually worn at school in terms of hue and tone. The sample consisted of 385 students enrolled at a public elementary school in Seoul. In this study, 120 color cards were used to guide the hue and tone. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used to analyze the data. The results were as follows. First, the most preferred clothing colors were achromatic, purple blue, red, and blue, while the most preferred tones were vivid, and pale. Second, the largest percentage of top colors worn at school were achromatic and vivid tones, while the largest percentage of bottom colors at school were achromatic and dark tones. Third, elementary boys preferred vivid and strong tones, while girls preferred pale and vivid tones. Fourth, students at higher grades preferred deeper and darker tones compared with students in lower grades.

• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.453-463
• /
• 2003

The main purpose of this paper is to develope elementary mathematics teaching-learning programs for pre-service elementary teachers. The elementary mathematics education program developed in this work is divided into two parts: One is the theory, the other is the practice. The theory deals with the foundations of mathematics, the objectives of mathematics education, the history of mathematics education in Korea, the psychology of mathematics learning, the theories of mathematics teaching and learning, and the methods of assessment. With respect to the practice, this study examines the background knowledge and activities of numbers and their operation, geometry, measurement, statistics and probability, pattern and function.

• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.321-341
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the manipulative materials in the Australian Maths 300 program by applying it to Korean Elementary Mathematics Education - based on parts of 'Probability and Statistics', and 'Symbol and Expression'. In order to this purpose, we select appropriate Maths 300's manipulate materials that could be used to obtain learning objectives within class time for each part, four lessons with the materials were taught at to third, fourth, and fifth grade students of elementary School. The effect of the teaching was analyzed by videotape and student opinion. The results of this study are the following: First, the manipulative tools were almost entirely lacking for the 'Probability and Statistics' section without a 'number of cases' unit. The tools presented in the 'Symbol and Expression' section were helpful in the games that were used for checking preceding learning. Second, the results of using the Math 300 manipulative materials in class showed that the students were eager to be involved in the activities using those materials and to find their own solutions in problem-solving questions that were suited to them; these led to them making their own questions. In response to questioning about the use of the manipulative materials, the students stated that it was easy and fun for them to use the manipulative materials, to solve the problems for themselves, and that they would like to continue practicing the activities in the future. Finally, Studies on the presentation of a variety of manipulative materials including those in this study that can used in problem-solving learning and other learning fields, and the methodology for the use of manipulative materials can be enhanced through further studies.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.53-65
• /
• 1997

There are many mistakes when we estimate probability of an event, for example, we often omit some likelihoods (of an event), sometimes give too large or too small possibility for a particular case, cannot relate current cases with which were concerned before, apply at another cases as soon as discuss about it insufficiently, etc. If we go into a history of probability and statistics, we shall ascertain that many scientists and mathmaticians made essentially same mistakes with us. In the paper, we will consider the theorization of probability and statistics as a process of modification of mistakes which were made during one's estimating possibility of an event. On that point of view, we shall look at historical background of probability and statistics.