• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.3608-3626
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• 2021

The detection of bolts is an important task in high-speed train inspection systems, and it is frequently performed to ensure the safety of trains. The difficulty of the vision-based bolt inspection system lies in small sample defect detection, which makes the end-to-end network ineffective. In this paper, the problem is resolved in two stages, which includes the detection network and cascaded classification networks. For small bolt detection, all bolts including defective bolts and normal bolts are put together for conducting annotation training, a new loss function and a new boundingbox selection based on the smallest axis-aligned convex set are proposed. These allow YOLOv3 network to obtain the accurate position and bounding box of the various bolts. The average precision has been greatly improved on PASCAL VOC, MS COCO and actual data set. After that, the Siamese network is employed for estimating the status of the bolts. Using the convolutional Siamese network, we are able to get strong results on few-shot classification. Extensive experiments and comparisons on actual data set show that the system outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms in bolt inspection.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.58-64
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• 2020

Lately, the development of the semiconductor industry has led to the miniaturization of electronic devices. Therefore, semiconductor wafers of very thin thickness that can be used in Multi-Chip Packages are required. There is active research on the backgrinding process to reduce the thickness of the wafer. The backgrinding process polishes the backside of the wafer, reducing the thickness of the wafer to tens of ㎛. The equipment that performs the backgrinding process requires ultra-precision. Currently, there is no full auto backgrinding equipment in Korea. Therefore, in this study, ultra-precision backgrinding equipment was designed. In addition, finite element analysis was conducted to verify the equipment design validity. The deflection and structural stability of the backgrinding equipment were analyzed using finite element analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.136-144
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• 2021

This study focuses on the necessity of MOT methods in companies, especially the utilization level. Based on the analysis structure of the previous study (2012), this study was conducted to compare the results with the previous results. We investigated the settlement level of MOT, the degree of necessity for MOT methods, the degree of actual use, and the Product Realization Process (PRP) for MOT-related researchers in electronic companies (n=184). It was confirmed that the higher the demand for MOT methods in the corporate field, the higher the utilization level (ratio). In particular, the need for and utilization of techniques such as Environmental Analysis, Business Opportunity Analysis, Project Feasibility Review, Roadmap, Risk Management was high. These methods were beneficial along with cost management and quality management techniques. The most challenging part of using MOT methods was the lack of systematic use, the absence of experts, and the difficulty in selecting suitable techniques. The necessity of opening subjects such as Creative Thinking, Communication, Teamwork, and Professional Ethics was high among the PRP subjects. Furthermore, the necessity of opening courses in Cost and Safety Design and Applied Statistics was higher than in the previous study.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.182-190
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the microneedle therapy system (MTS) and its research methods for the past 10 years in Korea. Methods: Data on microneedle therapy system were collected using NDSL, KISS, RISS, and OASIS electronic databases from January 2010 to August 2021. "microneedle," "derma stamp," "microneedle therapy system" were used as the keywords. The present study, however, excluded data that were 1) unrelated to the microneedle therapy system, 2) from review/meta/protocol studies, and 3) from overseas studies. Data selected through the primary screening process, animal studies, case reports, and clinical data were included in the analysis. However, information data not related to the microneedle therapy system were excluded from the study. Results: Among the MTS-related papers published from January 2010 to August 2021, 7 animal research, 2 clinical trials, and 10 case studies were published. Based on the research topics, there were 8 papers on skin improvement and skin diseases, 7 papers on hair growth and hair loss, 3 papers on stability, and 1 paper on peripheral facial paralysis. Conclusion: Most of the studies related to MTS focused on skin, hair, and stability. The effect of MTS on hair growth and skin improvement has been confirmed, and it has been proven to have significant effects on the treatment of acne, acne scars, and hair loss in clinical practice. No serious side effects were observed during the MTS treatment, and the safety assessment confirmed that it was safe for use.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.376-380
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• 2021

The accurate detection of hydrogen gas molecules is considered to be important for industrial safety. However, the selective detection of the gas using semiconductive metal oxides (SMOs)-based sensors is challenging. Here, we describe the fabrication of H₂ sensors in which a nanocellulose/graphene oxide (GO) hybrid membrane is attached to SnO₂ nanosheets (NSs). One-dimensional (1D) nanocellulose fibrils are attached to the surface of GO NSs (GONC membrane) by mixing GO and nanocellulose in a solution. The as-prepared GONC membrane is employed as a sacrificial template for SnO₂ NSs as well as a molecular sieving membrane for selective H₂ filtration. The combination of GONC membrane and SnO₂ NSs showed substantial selectivity to hydrogen gas (R_air / R_gas > 10 @ 0.8 % H₂, 100 ℃) with noise level responses to interfering gases (H₂S, CO, CH₃COCH₃, C₂H₅OH, and NO₂). These remarkable sensing results are attributed mainly to the molecular sieving effect of the GONC membrane. These results can facilitate the development of a highly selective H₂ detector using SMO sensors.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.3104-3123
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• 2022

The development of Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) has greatly improved the efficiency and safety of social transportation, and the routing strategy for VANET has also received high attention from both academia and industry. However, studies on dynamic matching of routing policies with the message types of VANET are in short supply, which affects the operational efficiency and security of VANET to a certain extent. This paper studies the message types in VANET and fully considers the urgency and reliability requirements of message forwarding under various types. Based on the diversified types of messages to be transmitted, and taking the diversified message forwarding strategies suitable for VANET scenarios as behavioral candidates, an adaptive routing method for the VANET message types based on reinforcement learning (RL) is proposed. The key parameters of the method, such as state, action and reward, are reasonably designed. Simulation and analysis show that the proposed method could converge quickly, and the comprehensive performance of the proposed method is obviously better than the comparison methods in terms of timeliness and reliability.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.35-48
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• 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to review relevant clinical studies to investigate the effectiveness of herbal medicines for IgA (Immunoglobulin A) nephropathy in children. Methods Studies on herbal treatment for IgA nephropathy were searched and analyzed through electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, CiNii, J-STAGE, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System and Science ON. Studies included Randomized controlled trials and case series. Results We selected nine studies and analyzed the findings. In most studies, improvement of IgA nephropathy was observed after treatment, and was evaluated using factors as 24 hour urine protein, hematuria, Scr (serum creatinine) and BUN (blood urea nitrogen). The most commonly used herbs for IgA nephropathy were Poria cocos (茯苓), Astragalus membranaceus (黃芪), and Rehmannia glutinosa (生地黃). Conclusions Based on the results of the clinical studies, we identified that herbal medicine is an effective treatment for IgA nephropathy. However, additional systematic clinical studies are necessary to prove its effect and safety.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.78-90
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• 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to review relevant clinical studies to investigate the effectiveness of herbal medicines for night terror in children. Methods Studies on herbal treatment for night terrors were searched and analyzed through electronic databases such as PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, CiNii, J-STAGE, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System and Science ON. Studies included Randomized controlled trials, case series, and case reports. Results A total of 25 studies were selected and analyzed. In most studies, improvement of night terrors was observed after treatment, such as high total effectiveness. In one study, the frequency of night terrors was decreased significantly in herbal medicine group. Conclusions Based on the results of the clinical studies, we identified that herbal medicine is an effective treatment for night terror. But it is considered necessary to prove the effect and safety through additional systematic clinical studies.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2022

Objectives This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of manual therapy in patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS). Methods We searched eight electronic databases from October 2022 and only selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting outcomes for manual therapy in FBSS patients. Included studies were analyzed qualitatively. Results A total of twelve RCTs were included and three studies were meta-analyzed. Manual therapy combined with exercise demonstrated more favorable outcomes in terms of pain reduction compared to exercise therapy only (P<0.01). Some studies reported that manual therapy resulted in low efficacy, while some studies reported that specific manual techniques have a significant effect in pain relief. We, therefore, conclude that several studies have a high risk of bias. Conclusions Findings suggest that manual therapy is a safe and non-invasive, promising option for managing FBSS. However, manual therapy is not the best option in all circumstances; thus, this should be selectively applied by a well-trained practitioner. Further studies such as well-designed, risk-controlled RCTs are required to gain stronger evidence.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.527-532
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• 2005

The construction industries are facing problems of productivity, quality of work, safety, and the completion of projects in time. In construction industry a worker is exposed to hazardous environment, and has to do more physical work, effecting his health and also productivity. The automation and robotics can offer solution to many problems of the industry. In the past the major barrier to construction automation is the lack of electronic components and systems. This is solved now with the development of information technology, and the current obstacle is the high cost of automated systems, shortage of public money for R&D, and problems of acceptance. The robots employed in construction have followed the same concept as those employed in manufacturing. However, construction industry requires a different kind of robot compared to manufacturing Industry. The robots are stationery and product moves along the assembly line in manufacturing sector, but construction robots have to move about the site because buildings are stationary and of large size. The construction robots must function in adverse weather conditions, including variation in humidity, and temperature and increase the overall construction productivity rate. The major objective of the paper is to review the existing applications of building robots and to assess their implementation in building industry. A case study is considered for the implementation of robots for the painting work of the University Building at Saifabad PG College of Science, Hyderabad, India.