• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.306-308
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• 2006

We propose an attention based object recognition system, to recognize object fast and robustly. For this we calculate visual stimulus degrees and make saliency maps. Through this map we find a strongly attentive part of image by stimulus degrees, where local features are extracted to recognize objects.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.37-41
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• 2004

In this paper, evaluation of physical properties about dielectric relaxation phenomena by the detection of the surface pressures and displacements current on the monolayer films of phospolipid monomolecular DLPC, DMPC using pressure stimulus. As a result, the changed surface pressure, displacement current and the transition forms of dipole moment of phospolipid monomolecular in area per molecular by pressure stimulus were conformed well. It was known that the monolayers by linear relationship for decision of dielectric relaxation time between compressure speed and molecule area By according to the linear relationship relation get that frictional constant, DLPC was $1.89{\times}10^{-19}$ [Js] and DMPC was $0.722{\times}10^{-19}$[Js]. lt is found that the phospolipid monolayer of dielectric relaxation takes a little time and depend on the molecular area.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.292-301
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• 2010

To restore visual sensation of blind patients, we have proposed a fully implantable retinal prosthesis comprising an three dimensionally (3D) stacked retinal chip for transforming optical signal to electrical signal, a flexible cable with stimulus electrode array for stimulating retina cells, and coupling coils for power transmission. The 3D stacked retinal chip is consisted of several LSI chips such as photodetector, signal processing circuit, and stimulus current generator. They are vertically stacked and electrically connected using 3D integration technology. Our retinal prosthesis has a small size and lightweight with high resolution, therefore it could increase the patients` quality of life (QOL). For realizing the fully implantable retinal prosthesis, we developed a retinal prosthesis module comprising a retinal prosthesis chip and a flexible cable with stimulus electrode array for generating optimal stimulus current. In this study, we used a 2D retinal chip as a prototype retinal prosthesis chip. We fabricated the polymide-based flexible cable of $20{\mu}m$ thickness where 16 channels Pt stimulus electrode array was formed in the cable. Pt electrode has an impedance of $9.9k{\Omega}$ at 400Hz frequency. The retinal prosthesis chip was mounted on the flexible cable by an epoxy and electrically connected by Au wire. The retinal prosthesis chip was cappted by a silicone to pretect from corrosive environments in an eyeball. Then, the fabricated retinal prosthesis module was implanted into an eyeball of a rabbit. We successfully recorded electrically evoked potential (EEP) elicited from the rabbit brain by the current stimulation supplied from the implanted retinal prosthesis module. EEP amplitude was increased linearly with illumination intensity and irradiation time of incident light. The retinal prosthesis chip was well functioned after implanting into the eyeball of the rabbit.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.7-10
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• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of electrical stimulation applied in dominant forearm on autonomic nervous system response of both hands. Methods : Fourteen healthy subjects (women) received low frequency-high intensity electrical stimulation to one forearm. The subjects assigned to two groups; a ipsilateral stimulation group (n=7) and a contralateral stimulation group (n=7). The electrode attachment was arranged on the forearm of the dominant arm and the electricity stimulus time was set as 15 minutes. Measuring items were the skin conduction velocity, the blood flow, and the pulse rate, which were measured total 3 times (pre, post, and post 10 min.). Results : The skin conduction velocity showed a significant difference according to the change of the time in both hands, but there was no significant difference according to time in the blood flow, and the change of the pulse frequency regardless of stimulus side. Conclusion : These results demonstrate that the low frequency-high intensity electrical stimulation applied dominant forearm can increase selectively only with the skin conduction velocity, which may be helpful for the activation of the sudomotor function of both hands by the activation of sympathetic nerve.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 반도체 재료 센서 박막재료 전자세라믹스
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• pp.111-115
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• 2004

In this paper, evaluation of physical properties about dielectric relaxation phenomena by the detection of the surface pressures and displacements current on the monolayer films of phospolipid monomolecular DLPC, DMPC using pressure stimulus. As a result, the changed surface pressure, displacement current and the transition forms of dipole moment of phospolipid monomolecular in area per molecular by pressure stimulus were conformed well. It was known that the monolayers by linear relationship for decision of dielectric relaxation time between compressure speed $\alpha$ and molecule area $A_m$ By according to the linear relationship relation get that frictional constant $\xi$, DLPC was $1.89{\times}10^{-19}$[Js] and DMPC was $0.722{\times}10^{-19}$[Js]. It is found that the phospolipid monolayer of dielectric relaxation takes a little time and depend on the molecular area.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.227-232
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• 1985

Previously, we had reported that the electrical stimulation of peripheral nerve with stimlatory parameters of 20 V strength and 2 Hz frequency for 60 min resulted in reducing the pain reaction. The present study was performed to evaluate if the pain reaction was affected by the peripheral nerve stimulation with different stimulatory parameters in the decerebrated cat. The flexion reflex was used as an index of the pain reaction. The reflex was elicited by stimulating the sural nerve (stimulus strength of 20 $V\;\times\;0.5$msec) and recorded as a compound action potential from the motor nerve innervated to the posterior biceps femoris muscle. The common perneal nerve was selected as a peripheral nerve on which the electrical stimulation of various intensities and frequencies was applied. The results are summarized as follows : 1) The peripheral nerve stimulation with 100 mV strength, regardless of frequencies, did not affect the pain reaction induced by the sural nerve stimulation. 2) When the stimulus of 1V intensity and slow frequency (2 Hz) was applied to the peripheral nerve for 30 min or 60 min, the pain reaction was significantly reduced comparing to the control. However, this reduced pain reaction by the peripheral nerve stimulation was not reversed by the injection of naloxone (0.02 mg/kg) 3) High frequency stimulus (60 Hz) of 1V intensity for 30 or 60 min did not show any effects of affecting the pain reaction. These results suggest that the stimulus of relatively high intensity (at least 1V) and low frequency (2 Hz) is needed to elicite the analgesic effect by the peripheral nerve stimulation. By the 1V stimulus, $A\delta$ nerve fiber is activated. Therefore, an $A\delta$ or smaller nerve fibers must be activated for showing analgesia by the peripheral nerve stimulation. However, the mechanism of analgesia by the $A\delta$ nerve activation alone was not related to the endogeneous morphine system since the reduced pain reaction by the $A\delta$ fiber activation alone was not reversed by the treatment of naloxone.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.495-498
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• 2000

In this paper, generation form of displacement current was compared and measured with air-water interfacing induce monolayers which 8A5H with azobenzene and arac.acid mixed. Light response of two monolayers which chain length are different was compared and measured though they are the same isomer. The experimental results are as following; In the displacement current form of mixed monolayers and 8A5H, mixed monolayers which chain length is longer than that of 8A5H caused the displacement current about 40[fA] mole. This is the reason chain length of hydrophobicity in mixed monolayers is longer than that of 8A5H In the case of light stimulus mixed monolayers reacted less than 8A5H about 9[fA]. This is the reason molecule dynamic behaviour in cia and trans was net activated due to its very long chain length.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2011년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.882-885
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• 2011

This paper presents testing and self-calibration of RF circuits using MEMS switches to identify process-related defects and out of specification circuits. We have developed a novel multi-tone dither test technique where the test stimulus is generated by modulating the RF carrier signal with a multi-tone signal generated using an Arbitrary Waveform Generator (AWG) with additive white Gaussian noise. This test stimulus is provided as input to the RF circuit and peak-to-average ratio (PAR) is measured at the output. For a faulty circuit, a significant difference is observed in the value of PAR as compared to a fault-free circuit. Simulation is performed for various circuit conditions such as fault-free as well as fault-induced and their corresponding PARs are stored in the look-up table. This testing and self-calibration technique is exhaustive and efficient for present-day communication systems.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.283-286
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• 2000

In this paper, generation form of displacement current was compared and measured induce monolayers which 8A5H with Pure azobenzene. Light response of two monolayers which compared and measured though they are the same isomer. The experimental results are as following; In case of ultraviolet($\lambda_1$) and visible($\lambda_2$) irradiation on 8A5H induce monolayers depositioned on board the peak of current was detected about 10[fA]. but light irradiation on pure azobenzene any particular reaction for detailed. This is the reason of hydrophobicity construct in molecule structures its molecule dynamic behaviour in cis and trans was not due to activated.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.85-98
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• 1991

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low - power laser used in the medical field for various purposes to suppress pain responses evoked by noxious electrical or mechanical stimuli. After both inferior alveolar nerves and the left anterior digastric muscle of cats under general anesthesia were exposed, a recording electrode for the jaw opening reflex was inserted into the anterior digastric muscle. The right inferior alveolar nerve was dissected under a surgical microscope until the response of the functional single nerve could be evoked by the electrical stimulation of the dental pulp or oral mucosa. The electrical stimulus was applied with a rectangular pulse of 10 ms duration for measuring the threshold intensity of a single nerve fiber in the inferior alveolar nerve which responds to stimulation of dental pulp and oral mucosa. Then a pulse of 1 ms duration was applied for determination of conduction velocity. A noxious mechanical stimulus to the oral mucosa was applied by clamping the receptive field with an arterial clamp. The Ga-As diodide laser(wave length, 904 nm ; frequency, 1,000 Hz) was irradiated to the prepared tooth cavity, inferior alveolar nerve and oral mucosa as a pulse wave of 2 mW for 6 minutes. This was followed by a continuous wave of 15 mW for 3 minutes. The action potential of the nerve and EMG of the digastric muscle evoked by the noxious electrical stimulus and nerve response to noxious mechanical stimulus were compared at intervals of before, immediately after, and at 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 minutes after laser irradiation. The results were as follows: The conduction velocity of the intrapulpal $A{\delta}$- nerve fiber recorded from the inferior alveolar nerve before irradiation had a mean value of $6.68{\pm}2.07m/sec$. The laser irradiation did not affect the conduction velocity of the AS - nerve fiber and did not change the threshold intensity or amplitude of the action potential either. The EMG of the digastric muscle evoked by noxious electrical stimulation to the tooth was not changed by the laser irradiation, whether in latency, threshold intensity or amplitude. The laser irradiated to the receptive field of the oral mucosa which was subjected to noxious stimuli did not affect the amplitude of the action potential or the frequency either.