• 설비공학논문집
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.966-973
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• 2001

In this study, measurement and analysis of energy consumption of an office building with cleanroom and laboratory have been conducted. Data acquisition system for collecting energy consumption data of the whole building including air-conditioning equipments has been installed in a building located in Seoul. Data are collected for a period of one year in 2000 and analyzed for studying the energy consumption pattern. The percentage of electrical energy used for air-conditioning system is measured to be 46.1%. The collected data will serve as valuable information for diagnosing and improving the energy system of the building.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.421-428
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• 2008

The DVS(Dynamic Voltage Scaling) technique is the method to reduce the dynamic energy consumption. As using slack times, it extends the execution time of the big load operations by changing the frequency and the voltage of variable voltage processors. Researches, that controlling the energy consumption of the processors and the data transmission among processors by controlling the bandwidth to reduce the energy consumption of the entire system, have been going on. Since operations in multiprocessor systems have the data dependency between processors, however, the DVS techniques devised for single processors are not suitable to improve the energy efficiency of multiprocessor systems. We propose the new scheduling algorithm based on DVS for increasing energy efficiency of multiprocessor systems. The proposed DVS algorithm can improve the energy efficiency of the entire system because it controls frequency and voltages having the data dependency among processors.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2015

This paper is proposed mathematical load modelling based on system identification approach of energy consumption of residential air conditioning. Due to air conditioning is one of the significant equipment which consumes high energy and cause the peak load of power system especially in the summer time. The demand response is one of the solutions to decrease the load consumption and cutting peak load to avoid the reservation of power supply from power plant. In order to operate this solution, mathematical modelling of air conditioning which explains the behaviour is essential tool. The four type of linear model is selected for explanation the behaviour of this system. In order to obtain model, the experimental setup are performed by collecting input and output data every minute of 9,385 BTU/h air-conditioning split type with $25^{\circ}C$ thermostat setting of one sample house. The input data are composed of solar radiation ($W/m^2$) and ambient temperature ($^{\circ}C$). The output data are power and energy consumption of air conditioning. Both data are divided into two groups follow as training data and validation data for getting the exact model. The model is also verified with the other similar type of air condition by feed solar radiation and ambient temperature input data and compare the output energy consumption data. The best model in term of accuracy and model order is output error model with 70.78% accuracy and $17^{th}$ order. The model order reduction technique is used to reduce order of model to seven order for less complexity, then Kalman filtering technique is applied for remove white Gaussian noise for improve accuracy of model to be 72.66%. The obtained model can be also used for electrical load forecasting and designs the optimal size of renewable energy such photovoltaic system for supply the air conditioning.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2014

Heating and air conditioning system is changing rapidly from the traditional HVAC central supply system to the individual supply system with electrical heat pump system (EHP) in Korean school buildings. The individual supply system has advantages to turn on and off individually and to adjust the thermal comfort separately, but energy is wasted in the unoccupied classroom when the last leaving occupant does not turn off the controller. If the controller is to be off automatically while the classroom is not in use, energy consumption would decrease dramatically. This project aims to cease the unnecessary EHP supply in vacant classroom by inputting the class schedule from the central control room to reduce the energy-spending. Experimental measurements were carried out between the controlled classroom that is turned off when not in use and the uncontrolled room that is turned on continually. Occupant's comfort and energy consumption were measured and compared between the controlled case and the uncontrolled case. The energy consumption of controlled classroom case is 30-60% less than that of the uncontrolled classroom case. This result shows that controlling the cooling supply for the unoccupied classroom using the class schedule can decrease the energy consumption remarkably. This supply control system can be used to conserve energy in school structures like universities.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2011

Korea is a country with an exceptionally high energy consumption. For economic reasons, Korean households are forced to save more energy. Korea's household energy consumption has grown slowly compared to other sectors and household energy consumption per capita is lower than the OECD average. However, its per capita electricity consumption soared and is expected to remain climbing mainly due to the increasing number of one-person households. To establish an effective strategy against a possible electricity shortage, the actual condition survey of electricity energy consumption first needs to be clearly understood. This study adopted both a general survey and a detailed survey of people living in apartment housings and data was collected on electrical appliance use according to individual schedules. Based on these data, the results were used to attempt to analyze electricity consumption patterns resulting from energy using activities of residents and to determine electricity consumption propensity according to each household member's characteristics in apartment housings.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제25권6_3호
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• pp.1135-1145
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• 2022

Due to increase in concerns related to the climate change, state-wide promotion of the carbon neutrality has been in progress thus far. Smart City could be one of the measures as the initiative to mitigate the missions process. The primary purpose of Smart City can be summarized to be maximization of the social net-beneift to be returned for the local citizens and derivation of the optimal pattern of the energy consumption could belong to one of the elements included in the net-benefit. Currently, the energy consumption by the buildings has been determined to be responsible for the greatest consumption among the sectors considered to be energy-intensive. Moreover, considering the fact that the consumption by operations of HVAC is responsible for nearly 40% in the commercial buildings, it is virtually not possible to optimize schedules for the energy consumption with considerable deliverables from the perspective of the urban planners. Thus, the methods to implement the optimal schedules for the HVAC commissioned with the OHUs were concluded to be the suitable candidate resources for the simulation by EnergyPlus capable of monitoring the thermal changes in each subject space in the present research.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.339-344
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• 2015

Machine tools are one of the energy-intensive equipment used in the manufacturing industry. The importance of energy has increased and the machine tools are required to be energy-efficient. The servo systems of the machine tool consume electrical power to rotate a spindle and to feed a tool during machining. Servo system consumes a lot of energy when the machine tool is operated. The energy consumption pattern of each axis needs to be investigated in order to optimize the machining process with regard to energy cost. In this paper, an energy monitoring system is developed considering various measuring points of servo system in order to grasp the energy consumption pattern of each axis.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2010

This study tried to develop the theoretical backgrounds, explaining consumers energy consumption behavior and analyzed its effects. In other words, this study investigated the factors influencing the amount of electronic energy consumption. In this study, we used 678 questionnaires which were selected a quota sampling by living area who were above 20 years old and married. Summary of results of this study follows. First, attitude for energy saving was positively related with female, high school graduated large size of family members, elderly, and middle-class consumers. In addition, consumers' search for energy saving were appeared passively in young consumers under 30 years old, and the family with the highest household income. Consumers' purchasing energy-efficient products was presented in large size of family members, and young consumers. Second, consumers' environmental oriented behavior, action-directed behavior, healthseeking behavior were significantly related with energy saving behavior, and active information search for energy saving, but not with purchasing energy-efficient products and consuming behavior of electrical energy. Third, the quantity of electric energy consumption was affected by the size of family members, the living size of house related with high energy demand, the attitude for energy saving, and searching information for energy-saving.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.197-201
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• 2010

As the world population increases and technology advances, the energy consumption and need for more energy increase. Communities and governments regularly address these needs and set policies for future energy generation and uses. This paper reviews current energy policies of the USA and the current trends in research and development efforts, for sustainable and renewable energy sources. Furthermore, the recent topic of IEEE's Smart Grid initiatives is discussed, and its role in the dielectrics and electrical insulation research is presented.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.155-167
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• 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that connects physical and virtual objects from various domains such as home automation, industrial processes, human health, and monitoring. IoT sensors receive information from their environment and forward it to their neighboring nodes. However, the large amounts of exchanged data are vulnerable to attacks that reduce the network performance. Most of the previous security methods for IoT have neglected the energy consumption of IoT, thereby affecting the performance and reducing the network lifetime. This paper presents a new multistep routing protocol based on cellular learning automata. The network lifetime is improved by a performance-based adaptive reward and fine parameters. Nodes can vote on the reliability of their neighbors, achieving network reliability and a reasonable level of security. Overall, the proposed method balances the security and reliability with the energy consumption of the network.