• 에너지공학
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.64-73
• /
• 2020

본 논문은 전기 자동차의 충·방전 장소를 고려한 도시별 일부하 곡선 산출을 위한 방법론을 제시하였다. 즉, 특정 도시에서 전기 자동차 충·방전에 의해 발생되는 부하량이 전력 그리드에 미치는 영향을 용이하게 파악할 수 있도록 전기 자동차의 충·방전 장소를 고려한 도시별 일부하 곡선 산출 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 구체적으로는 PEVs 점유율 시나리오에 따라 도시내의 전기차 충·방전 장소별 즉, 직장 및 가정에 대하여 오전에 직장에 도착한 전기차에 대해 그리드에 방전을 그리고 오후에 가정에 도착한 전기차에 대해 충전을 시행하는 가정을 수립한 후 오전 직장 도착 차량운행 특성과 SMP 요금제를 동시에 반영한 PEVs 방전 전력을 산정하였다. 그리고 오후에 가정 도착 차량운행 특성과 TOU 요금제를 동시에 고려한 PEVs충전 전략에 대해 각각 서울시를 대상으로 충·방전 전력 형태별로 일부하곡선을 산출한 후 기존 부하와 합산하여 그리드에 미치는 영향 평가를 비교 분석하였다.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.249-254
• /
• 2021

As the spreading speed of electric vehicles increases rapidly, those are expected to be able to use them as flexible resources in the power system beyond the concern for the supply of its charging power. Especially when the Renewable Energy sources (RES) which have no intrinsic control capability have replaced the synchronous generators more and more, the power system needs to secure the additional frequency control resources to ensure its stability. However, the feasibility of using electric vehicles as the frequency control resources should be analyzed from the perspective of the power system operation and it requires the existing simulation frameworks for the power system. Therefore, this paper proposes the grid connected modeling of the primary frequency control provided by electric vehicles which can be integrated into the existing power system model. In addition, the proposed model is implemented considering technical performances constrained by the characteristics of the Vehicle-Grid Integration (VGI) system so that the simulation results can be accepted by the power utilities operating the power system conservatively.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2013

The power industry is currently facing many challenges, due to the new environment created by the introduction of smart grid technologies. In particular, the large-scale deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) may have a significant impact on demand for electricity and, thereby, influence generation and transmission system planning. However, it is difficult to deal with uncertainties in EV charging loads using deterministic planning methods. This paper presents a two-stage stochastic decomposition method with Latin-hyper rectangle sampling (LHRS) to solve the integrated generation and transmission planning problem incorporating EV deployment. The probabilistic distribution of EV charging loads is estimated by Latin-hyper rectangle sampling (LHRS) to enhance the computational performance of the proposed method. Numerical results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.672-681
• /
• 2012

A potential breakthrough of the electrification of the vehicle fleet will incur a steep rise in the load on the electrical power grid. To avoid huge grid investments, coordinated charging of those vehicles is a must. In this paper, we assess algorithms to schedule charging of plug-in (hybrid) electric vehicles as to minimize the additional peak load they might cause. We first introduce two approaches, one based on a classical optimization approach using quadratic programming, and a second one, market based coordination, which is a multi-agent system that uses bidding on a virtual market to reach an equilibrium price that matches demand and supply. We benchmark these two methods against each other, as well as to a baseline scenario of uncontrolled charging. Our simulation results covering a residential area with 63 households show that controlled charging reduces peak load, load variability, and deviations from the nominal grid voltage.

• 기술혁신연구
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.137-167
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 2012~2013년 국내 전기차 시장에서 크게 논란이 되었던 콤보 전기 자동차 충전 표준과 국내 스마트그리드 표준 간 충돌 사례를 이해관계자 이론을 활용하여 분석하였다. 사례 연구를 위해 문헌 조사 및 복수의 전문가 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 전기 자동차는 충전을 위해 전력망과 연결될 때 데이터 교환을 한다. 따라서 통신 표준 문제가 대두된다. BMW는 글로벌 전기 자동차 시장에서 업계를 대표하는 사실상 표준의 지위를 얻어 가고 있던 콤보 충전 기술을 채택하여 국내 전기차 시장에 진입하였는데, 그 과정에서 국내 스마트 그리드 전력망의 원격검칭용 통신 기술과 상호 주파수 간섭을 일으키는 문제가 발생하였다. 이 문제를 둘러싸고 이해관계자들의 대립이 계속되면서 국내 전기 자동차 충전 기술 관련 표준(국가표준 및 단체표준)화를 위한 의사결정들이 지연되었고, 이 논란은 2014년 1월 콤보 기술이 한국자동차공학회의 단체표준(KSAE SAE 1772-2040, 2014.1)으로 인정되면서 일단락되었다. 이 사건은 전기 자동차 표준 그 자체만이 아니라, 융합산업 시대에 있어서 타 산업 표준과의 충돌 및 조정의 필요성을 부각시키는 의미있는 사례이다. 본 연구는 전기 자동차 충전 표준과 스마트그리드 표준이라는 이종 산업 간의 표준 충돌의 복잡한 역학 관계를 이해 관계자 이론을 적용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구는 표준화 과정을 둘러싼 경험적 및 이론적 연구가 충분하지 않다는 점에서, 이해관계자 이론을 활용한 사례 축적과 방법론 정립에 기여하고, 또한 표준화 과정에 참가하는 이해관계자들이 이 과정에 영향을 미치기 위한 행위 양식 정립과 전략 수립에 유용한 시사점을 제공한다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1047-1048
• /
• 2011

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국항해항만학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.153-153
• /
• 2018

In this paper, we have represented basic experiment results for the application of electric vehicle powerline communication using an induction type coupler. The coupler was fabricated using nano-crystalline alloy and it was applied to the charging system of electric vehicles to measure the communication performance. Experimental results showed a channel bandwidth over 48 Mbps.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제65권11호
• /
• pp.1793-1799
• /
• 2016

As one of the main trends in global industries is eco-friendly energy, the interest on Electric Vehicle(EV) has been increased. However, if large amount of EVs start to charging, it could cause rapid increase in demand power of the power system. To guarantee stable operation of the power system, those unpredictable power consume should be mitigated. In this paper, therefore, we propose a practical smart EVs charging scheme to prevent the rapid increase of the demand power and also provide load flattening function. For that we considered Time-of-Use(ToU) price and actual data such as driving pattern and parameters of distribution system. Simulation results show that the proposed method provides proper load flattening function while preventing the rapid increase of the demand power of the power system.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제8권6호
• /
• pp.1269-1275
• /
• 2013

Recently, many studies have suggested that an electric vehicle (EV) is one of the means for increasing the reliability of power systems in new energy environments. EVs can make a contribution to improving reliability by providing frequency regulation in power systems in which the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology has been implemented and, if economically viable, can be helpful in increasing power system reliability. This paper presents a stochastic method for optimal coordination of charging and frequency regulation decisions for an EV aggregator using the Least Square Monte-Carlo (LSMC) with modeling of electricity price uncertainty. The LSMC can be used to assess the value of options based on electricity price uncertainty in order to simultaneously optimize the scheduling of EV charging and regulation service for the EV aggregator. The results of a numerical example show that the proposed method can significantly improve the expected profits of an EV aggregator.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.124-133
• /
• 2023

In order to deploy the large-scale energy storage (ES) service in the various industry, it is very important to develop a business model with high technological and economic feasibility through detailed valuation of cost and expected benefits. In relation to this, this paper established an optimal scheduling plan for electric vehicle charging stations connected with photovoltaic (PV) and ES technologies in Korea using the distributed energy resource valuation tool and analyzed the feasibility of the project. In addition, the impact of incentives such as REC (Renewable Energy Certificate) to be given to electric vehicle charging stations in accordance with the relevant laws to be revised in the future was analyzed. As a results, the methodology presented in this paper are expected to be used in various ways to analyze the feasibility of various business models linked to renewable energy and ES technologies as well as the electric vehicle market.