• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.293-300
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• 2017

This study was designed to extracts from Orostachys japonicas were investigated to assess anti-oxidation and biological activity. Phenolic content was maximum of $10.56{\pm}0.32mg/g$ when extracted with 50% ethanol. In anti-oxidative activity, Orostachys japonicus electric donating activity was higher than 80% in both water and ethanol extract at $200{\mu}g/mL$. 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation decolorization of both water and ethanol extract was higher than 95.0% but antioxidant protection factor of water extract was higher than ethanol extract. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance of ethanol extract was higher than water extract. For antihypertensive effect determination, angiotesin converting enzyme of water and ethanol extract showed 6.67 and 7.98% each at $200{\mu}g/mL$. Ethanol extract of $200{\mu}g/mL$ showed xanthin oxidase inhibitory effect of 60.85% but was not shown with water extract. Orostachys japonicus ethanol extract showed higher tyrosinase inhibitory activity of 64.59% which was higher than kojic acid of control indicating higher whitening effect. In anti-wrinkle effect, ethanol extract at $50-200{\mu}g/mL$ showed collagenase inhibitory effect of 75.95-85.02% which was higher than 68.91-76.64% of epigallocatechin-gallate of control group. 50% ethanol extract showed higher elastase inhibitory activity than water extract. Therefore, Orostachys japonicus extracts were identified to have high anti-wrinkle effect. These results identify anti-oxidative activity, gout prevention, whitening effect, and anti-wrinkle effect which indicate the possibility as a source for functional material.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.586-593
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• 2012

This study was carried out to determine the biological activity of Acanthopanax sessiliflorum fruit extracts. The phenolic compound contents of the extracts were 21.4 and 15.8 mg/g in hot water and 60% ethanol extracts. The total anti-oxidant activities of the water and the 60% ethanol extracts at a 200 ${\mu}g/mL$ phenolic concent ration were at $92.4{\pm}0.8$ and $89.2{\pm}1.1%$ in terms of the DPPH radical scavenging activity, $98.3{\pm}1.1$ and $96.5{\pm}3.5%$ in terms of the ABTS radical decolorization, $2.0{\pm}0.6$ and $1.2{\pm}2.8$ PF in terms of the anti-oxidant protection factor, and $66.3{\pm}0.8$ and $61.4{\pm}2.3%$ in terms of the TBARs inhibitory activity. The activities that inhibited the angiotensin-converting enzyme and xanthin oxidase were at $85.1{\pm}3.2$ and 0% in the water extracts and $59.3{\pm}1.5$ and $9.5{\pm}0.8%$ in the 60% ethanol extracts at the 200 ${\mu}g/mL$ phenolic concentration. The tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activities were at $56.6{\pm}1.8$ and $53.1{\pm}1.1%$ in the water extracts and $33.7{\pm}2.2$ and $22.4{\pm}3.1%$ in the 60% ethanol extracts. The astringent effect of the water and the 60% ethanol extracts were at $50.5{\pm}0.9$ and $11.5{\pm}4.1%$.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.51-64
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• 2002

We have compared(using the same series of experimental tissue samples) the levels of proteolytic enzyme activities and free radical-induced protein damage in synovial fluid from RA and CPH cases. Many protease types showed significantly increased (typically by a factor of approximately 2-3-fold) activity in RA, compared to normal rats. However, CPH significantly reduced the cytoplasmic enzyme activities of arginyl aminopeptidase, leucyl aminopeptidase, pyroglutamyl aminopeptidase, tripeptidyl aminopeptidase, and proline endopeptidase to almost about 1/10 each. For the Iysosomal proteases, synovial fluid samples from RA rats, CPH significantly reduced the enzyme activities of cathepsin B, dipeptidyl aminopeptidase I and dipeptidyl aminopeptidase II. In extracellular matrix degrading(collagenase, tissue elastase) and leukocyte as sociated proteases (leukocyte elastase, cathepsin G), CPH decreased these enzyme activities of collagenase, tissue elastase and leukocyte associated elastase in RA. In cytoplasmic and lysosomal protease activities in plasma from RA. CPH and normal plasma samples were not significantly different, suggesting that altered activity of plasma proteases (particularly those enzymes putatively involved in the immune response) is not a contributory factor in the pathogenesis of RA. In addition, the level of free radical induced damage to synovial fluid proteins was approximately twice that in RA, compared with CPH. CPH significantly decreased the level of ROS induced oxidative damage to synovial fluid proteins (quantified as protein carbonyl derivative). Therefore we conclude that both proteolytic enzymes and free radicals are likely to be of equal potential importance as damaging agents in the pathogenesis of inflammatory joint disease, and that the design of novel therapeutic strategies for patients with the latter disorder should include both protease inhibitory and free radical scavenging elements. In addition, the protease inhibitory element should be designed to inhibit the action of a broad range of protease mechanistic types (i.e. cysteine-, metallo- and serine- proteinases and peptidases). However, increased protein damage induced by ROS could not be rationalised in terms of compromised antioxidant total capacity, since the latter was not significantly altered in RA synovial fluid or plasma compared with CPH.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the biological activity and antimicrobial activity of Vaccinium oldhami fruit extracts. ABTS radical cation decolorization and the antioxidant protection factor (PF) of extracts as $92.7{\pm}4.1%$ and $3.6{\pm}1.6$ PF were higher than a BHT of $200{\mu}g/mL$ as $52.4{\pm}1.9%$ and $2.0{\pm}0.8$ PF, and the TBARS of extracts was $74.4{\pm}2.9%$ with $200{\mu}g/mL$. The hypertension inhibitory activity of extracts from Vaccinium oldhami fruit indicated the activities of $28.6{\pm}0.6%$ with $200{\mu}g/mL$, and anti-gout activity was $43.3{\pm}0.8%$ with $200{\mu}g/mL$. Antimicrobial activity was found in Vaccinium oldhami fruit extracts on Helicobacter pylori, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia coli and Propionebacterium acne. This activity was illustrated as 24 mm, 28 mm, 13 mm, 26 mm and 16 mm clear zones with $200{\mu}g/mL$ respectively, and the elastase inhibitory activity which is related to the wrinkle cause was observed in extracts as $52.7{\pm}0.9%$ with $200{\mu}g/mL$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2020

The present study was undertaken to compare the effects exerted by different extraction solvents on the extraction of active components, such as polyphenols and flavonoids, from the dried leaves of Artemisia annua L. Different extracts were prepared using a heating mantle. The extraction solvents used were distilled water, and 20, 40, 60, 80, and 99.5% ethanol solution. It was observed that the 40% ethanol solution yielded the most significant results in the extraction of various phytochemicals with phenol concentration of 154.8±0.28 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g and flavonoid content of 25.28±0.01 mg quercetin equivalent/g. However, based on the extraction solvent used, varying trends were observed in the antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and bacterial inhibition analyses. It was concluded that the extraction solvent should be selected based on the purpose of use of the dried leaves of A. annua L.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1038-1047
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• 2018

This study confirmed possibility of cosmetic material for Espresso coffee grounds extracted at high temperature, high pressure, short time and Dutch coffee grounds extracted at low temperature, atmospheric pressure, long time. For this purpose, we evaluated the biological activities of antioxidant, anti-wrinkles and antimicrobial effects using ethanol extracts of Esproso and Dutch coffee grounds. The results of total polyphenolic compound contents was $90.39{\pm}0.04mg/g$ for Dutch coffee grounds extract, which was higher than $64.96{\pm}0.38mg/g$ for Espresso coffee grounds extract, based on $113.63{\pm}0.22mg/g$ for coffee beans extract as the reference one. DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD-like activity of Dutch coffee grounds extract were found to be better than those of Espresso coffee grounds extracts, referenced on coffee bean extract. As a result of inhibition effect of Elastase activity, Dutch coffee grounds extract showed higher inhibition effect than Espresso coffee grounds extract, based on coffee bean extract. In addition, Dutch coffee grounds extract showed good anti-microbial effects at Escherichia coli, Bacillus, Propionibacterium acnes and there was little difference in the clear zone size between Dutch coffee grounds extract and coffee bean extract as a reference one. From the results of the experiments, it was confirmed that Dutch coffee grounds extract had excellent antioxidant, anti-wrinkle and antimicrobial effects and could be used as safe natural cosmetic material in the future.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the beauty food activities of wild-cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). wild-cultivated ginseng extracts were analyzed for antioxidant, skin whitening, anti-wrinkle effect was measured in water and 70% ethanol extract. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical decolorization activities of water and 70% ethanol extracts were 16.69 and 2.18% as well as 4.04 and 3.25% at a solid content of $200{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The antioxidant protection factors (PF) of water and 70% ethanol extracts at a solid content of $200{\mu}g/mL$ were 1.06 PF and 1.09 PF, respectively. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARs) were both 96% at a solid content of $200{\mu}g/mL$. As PF and TBARs showed higher activity than DPPH and ABTS, we could know that antioxidant activity in the lipophilic component of wood-cultivated ginseng were superior to water-soluble component of wood-cultivated ginseng. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was 10.97 and 52.39% in water and 70% ethanol extracts at a solid content of $200{\mu}g/mL$. The collagenase and elastase inhibitory activities as anti-wrinkle effect were 15.71 and 20.43% in water extracts as well as 32.26 and 86.74% in 70% ethanol extract at a solid content of $200{\mu}g/mL$. The results show that anti-wrinkle effect was the best among the other experiments. This extracts from wood-cultivated ginseng, therefore, seems to be a potent beauty food resource against wrinkles.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.4 s.48
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• pp.449-456
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• 2004

Phytoestrogens derived from plants and foods, which are diphenolic compounds with structural similarities to natural and synthetic estrogens, have been shown to estrogenic and antiestrogenic actions. Particularly, recent study revealed that phenolic compounds in safflower seed, such as serotonin derivatives, lignans and flavonoids, could be acted as phytoestrogens. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed extract (SID C.SE), therefore, are receiving a renewed interest as potential therapeutic source against skin wrinkles induced by estrogen deficiency. This study was conducted to investigate the anti-wrinkle effect of SID C.SE on normal human fibroblasts through the expression of type I procollagen and UVA-induced MMP-1 in vitro. The SID C.SE increased the type I procollagen expression, comparable to trans-retinol and reduced UVA-induced MMP-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. The clinical study indicated that cream group treated with $0.1\%$ SID C.SE significantly reduced a skin wrinkles, as compared with a control (non-treated cream group) (p<0.05). These results suggest that the safflower seed extract may be useful as potential source of anti-wrinkle cosmetics.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.631-637
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• 2017

The physiological properties of extracts from Hizikia fusiforme with different extraction methods (hot water extraction, autoclave extraction and high pressure extraction) were investigated. The amounts of substances related to polyphenol and flavonoids contents were the highest in autoclave extract (30.51 mg/g and 4.78 mg/g, respectively). The DPPH radical scavenging activity was the highest in the autoclave extract (81.80%) at the 5 mg/mL. Autoclave extract exhibited the strongest ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power among the three extraction methods. However, ferrous ion chelating, TBA reactive substances and xanthine oxidase inhibition activity of high pressure extract were higher than those of the other extracts. Additionally, the tyrosinase and elastase inhibition activities of high pressure extract with a concentration of 1 mg/mL were higher than those of the other extracts. These results suggest that extracts of Hizikia fusiforme have a potential to act as functional materials, and autoclave and high pressure extractions are superior to hot water extraction for enhancement of the biological activity.

• Journal of Chitin and Chitosan
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.262-266
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• 2018

Even though the saps have been consumed as beverage in Korea, however a little research has been conducted on the chemical composition. We determined free sugars, mineral in the sap from Juglans mandshurica Maxim. collected from BongHwa region. The contents of glucose, sucrose, and fructose in the sap from J. mandshurica were 0.15, 2.73, and 0.09%, respectively. The prominent minerals in the sap from J. mandshurica were calcium and potassium. The contents of Ca, K, Mg, Fe, and Mn of sap from J. mandshurica were 0.61, 0.57, 0.12, 0.002, and 0.014 ppm, respectively. The sap from J. mandshurica show inhibitory effect on elastase. And real-time RT-PCR showed that sap from J. mandshurica increased mRNA level of AQP3 and HAS2 gene and increased hyaluronic acid production in HaCaT cells. These results indicated that the sap from J. mandshurica can potentially be used for developing cosmetic ingredient for skin moisturizing and anti-aging.