• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.68-81
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the type of ego states and stress coping style on female college students who are in the course of nursing study. This study is performed in the view of Transactional Analysis and designed to scrutinize descriptive correlations between the type of ego states and stress coping style. The subject is consists of 144 freshmen and sophomore, 138 junior and senior students group, who are students of K nursing college located in Seoul. The sampling investigation period is on Sept. 14, 2002 to Oct. 26, 2002. The measuring instrument used for Transactional Analysis ego state is 50 items Ego-gram research paper devised by Dusay(1997). For studying coping style, Folkman & Lazarus's measurement(1984) was adopted, which is translated and modified by Han, and Oh,(1990). Health states is adopted by standardized health inspecting instrumental table (Cornell Medical Index:CMI) which is designed for Korean people by Ko and Park(1980) Statistic average and standard deviation were generated by using SPSS PC+, t=test and Pearson correlation. The results were as follows: 1) In the type of ego states on both groups indicated the arithmetic apex NP(maximum value), then the point A was high and the data made a down slope to point AC. In the comparison to type of ego states between two groups, only at point CP, the data value of upper year students represented higher than that of lower year ones by c(t=2.28, p=.023). 2) Stress coping style of whole students were highly and affirmatively dedicated to research. Especially hopeful aspect(t=.67, p=.05), relaxation of tension(t=-2.16, p=.03) made significant difference each other in the view of arithmetic calculation. 3) In view of nursing students' physical health states, there is significant difference in past history(t=2.50, p=.013) and in case of mental health states, there are considerable discrepancies between lower group(73.52) and upper group(75.11)(p<.05). In view of all field, state of tension(t=2.13, p=.048) has difference. 4) While verifying coping style in terms of ego states level between lower and upper students group, In type CP, high level ego states group indicated significant difference on stress coping style area than low leveled group and made such sequences as the central point of problem, In type NP, sequences such as the central point of problem, In type A, the central point of problem, In type FC, hopeful aspect and In type AC, hopeful aspect and indifference were derived significantly different (p<.05). 5) While verifying health state differences in the level of lower and upper ego states, In type FC, low level group(150.29) marked higher point than upper group(145.19), there is remarkable discrepancy and so did whole health state(p=.014), In type AC both mental state(p=.000) and whole health state (p=.015) showed differences. 6) When analyzing correlations between whole students' ego states, copying style and health state, all type of ego state showed differences(p<.001). In correlations between ego state and health state, in type FC physical state had an apex and there are inverse correlations among the other types. Especially, type FC showed inverse correlations with great discrepancies(p<.05). In mental state, type NP(${\gamma}=.198$, p<.001) and type A(${\gamma}=.166$, p<.05) represented straight correlations with remarkable differences. Especially, In type AC showed inverse correlations(${\gamma}=.282$, p<.001). In case of correlations between copying style and health state, indifference(${\gamma}=-.157$) and relaxation of tension(${\gamma}=-.158$) presented great difference(p<.05). In mental state, central point of problem and search for social support showed straight correlations with great discrepancies(p<.05), hopeful aspect and indifference showed inverse correlations with considerable differences(p<.001).

• 아동학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.223-247
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• 2014

This study aimed to verify the positive effects of forest activities for children from economically underprivileged households in local children's centers and the effect of such activities on the protective factors of their development. One hundred and eighty five children participated in the Forest Activities Program, which conducted over a total 8 sessions. Pre-post tests of the subjective well-being scale, DAS, multiple life satisfaction scale, ego-resilience scale were conducted and the children then made picture stories during the program itself. The results of the analysis of differences between pre-post tests were as follows: first, the negative emotions of participating children decreased significantly. Second, the school-satisfaction and self-satisfaction levels of the participating children increased. Third the participating children's positive perceptions of self and interpersonal relationships also increased through the forest activities. Finally, there were differences of the change types of picture stories that children created while they were participating in the program; and these divergences were related to the effectiveness of the program. These forest activities had positive effects upon the economically disadvantaged children who participated in this study. However, in order to increase the effects of such forest activities qualitatively, greater support for the active involvement of children is required.

• 아동학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.241-256
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• 2001

This study investigated types of language during dyadic collaboration on 2 spatial perspective problems. Subjects were 3 groups of children consisting of 14 dyads each of boys and of girls paired by age and sex, totaling 168 6-, 8-, and 10-year-old children. The entire procedure was videotaped. Data were processed by t-test and one-way ANOVA. Older children used less ego-centric and more socialized speech than younger children. No age differences were found for degree of exploration without collaboration, quarreling, or nonabstract collaborative explanation. The 10-year-olds used more abstract collaborative explanation, primitive argument, and genuine argument than the 6-year-olds.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.977-985
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• 2004

An evaluation of fatigue life of welded components is complicated due to various geometrically complex welding details and stress raisers in vicinity of weld beads, ego under cuts, overlaps and blow holes. These factors have a considerable influence on the fatigue strength of welded joints, as well as the welding residual stress which is relaxed depending on the distribution of local stress at the front of the stress raisers. To reasonably evaluate fatigue life, the effect of geometries and welding residual stress should be taken into account. The several methods based on the notch strain approach have been proposed in order to accomplish this. These methods, however, result in differences between analytical and experimental results due to discrepancies in estimated amount of relaxed welding residual stress present. In this paper, an approach that involves the use of a modified notch strain approach considering geometrical effects and a residual stress relaxation model based on experimental results was proposed. The fatigue life for five types of representative welding details, ego cruciform, cover plate, longitudinal stiffener, gusset and side attachment joint, are evaluated using this method.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.263-271
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• 2011

This study aims to develop a diagnostic tool that can measure nine personality types of the enneagram types based on the theoretical content of enneagram to measure personality as a human factor among various factors that affect to performance for maximizing organization and individual's performance. We have develeped measure items to figure out 9 enneagram types. Since first of September of to 30th August 2011, we had a preliminary survey with total 842 students in zed the data. Based on the results of the analysis of preliminary invmiddle and high school and analyestigation, we made a Enneagram Personality Type Inventory for Young People with a total of 144 selected questions. 4,008 middle and high students across the country were surveyed and had statistical analysis with the data. The data shows Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was from .77 to .86 for the 9 types. This diagnostic tool developed with this study will help students can understand, develop and grow themselves, also this can be useful in coaching and counseling areas like Personality, career, academic, career and leadership development.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.159-183
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• 2012

본 연구는 결혼이주여성의 사회적 연결망이 어떤 구조적 특성을 지니며, 이런 특성에 따라 사회적 연결망이 제공하는 사회적 지지의 유형이 다르게 나타나는지를 분석하고자 하였다. 또한 결혼이주여성을 사회적 지지를 받는 대상으로서 뿐만 아니라, 지지를 제공하는 주체로서 인식하고 도움을 받는 연결망과 주는 연결망이 차이를 보이는지를 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 눈덩이표집방식을 통해 표집한 결혼 이주여성 53명의 자아중심적 연결망 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 결혼이주여성은 사회적 연결망을 통해 사회적 지지를 주고받았으며, 연결망내에 중복되지 않는 다양한 연계를 갖는 경우 사회적 지지를 더 많이 받았다. 본 연구는 결혼이주여성의 사회적 연결망의 구조적 특성과 사회적 지지 유형간의 관계에 대한 분석기반을 마련하였다는데 의의가 있다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.473-487
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the body type and fashion of posthuman in SF movies. The method of this study was to analyze documentaries, internet web site, fashion books and so forth. The results were as follows: The body types of posthuman were expressed as mutation type, prosthetic type, clone type by biological hybrid or renovation and digital type by computer simulation. The mutation type was expressed as reinforcement of masculinity or feminity and reinforcement of body functions. The fashion item was expressed as a black tailored suit, leather jacket, cat suit, whip, black sunglass, garter belt, high heel shoes, short pants, black one piece dress and functional body suit. The prosthetic type was expressed as reinforcement of body functions and reinforcement of masculinity or feminity. The fashion item was expressed as a military item, high-tech power suit and ergonomic armor suit. The clone type was expressed as the plural ego with reinforcement of body functions. The fashion item was expressed as a power shoulder jacket, fake fur coat, vinyl, black see-through look and functional suit. The digital type was expressed as reinforcement of masculinity or feminity and the plural ego with reinforcement of body functions. The fashion item was expressed as a data suit, leather jacket, black over coat, boots, black sun glass, ethnic items and military items. The meanings of posthuman fashion in SF movies were impurity of posthuman, display of superhuman's power by sexuality, metaphor of power and fantasy of superhero in opposition futuristic dystopia. As mentioned above, posthuman body type and fashion in SF movies become the conversational topic in the real world. The fact that we think about utopia and identity of posthuman in the future is of great significance.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2000

제7차 교육과정 운영에 대하여 교육부(현 교육인적자원부)에서는 모든 교과의 수업에서 10 % 정도의 정보 통신 기자재 활용을 적극적으로 사용하도록 하오 있다. 이것은 초등학교 수학과에서 활용할 수 있는 가장 현실적인 도구가 계산기임을 말한다. 현재의 학교 학습 환경에서 학생들이 보다 수학에 흥미를 갖고, 단순히 계산만을 위한 것이 아니라면 누구나 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 도구이기 때문이다. 이미 중등학교에서 계산기나 컴퓨터가 그래프나 함수, 통계 처리와 같은 영역에서 수업에 활발하게 활용되고 있다. 그러나 초등학교에서의 계산기 활용에는 많은 어려움이 있다. 본 연구는 계산기를 활용할 수 있는 문제의 유형과 그에 따른 교수-학습 모형을 제시한 것이다. 이는 교수-학습의 전개 계획의 절정이나 수업 활동의 기본 특성에 대한 결정을 할 때 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. 또한 새로운 학습 매체의 활용은 학습에 대한 학생들의 흥미와 자신감을 주고 긍정적 자아감을 고취시킬 것이다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.544-554
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 여대생의 체중조절에 대한 주관성을 확인하고자 Q 방법론을 적용하여 주관적, 해석적 접근을 함으로써 여대생의 체중조절에 대한 구조적 유형과 유형별 특성을 비교분석하고자 시도하였다. 연구대상자는 여대생 39명을 P 표본으로 하여 선정된 41개의 Q 표본을 강제 분류하도록 한 결과 3가지 유형이 도출되었다. 첫 번째, '강박적 체중조절을 시도하는 부정적 체형인식형', 두 번째, '지속적인 체중조절을 통한 건강관리 추구형', 세 번째, '체중조절의 자기통제가 가능한 자아확신형'으로 명명하였다. 본 연구 결과 3가지 유형 간의 구조적인 차이점이 발견되었고, 유형에 따른 특성에 기초하여 바람직하고 올바른 체중조절 행동을 위한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2012

Eugenio D'Ors, the writer of 'Lo Barroco' called Baroque in the 17th century as the ultimate nostalgia of humanity we can see anywhere, and when our exclusive mental state, classic consciousness, is weakened, countless things within self get to be expressed without limitation. He defines this as Baroque ego. In other words, the abyss of a being is expressed within self, and it gets to come into the abyss of art and be settled in it. Thereupon, this study focuses on the characteristics of such effects of abyss expressed in Baroque art to amplify the depth of space in art and architecture and also its productive effects and considers in what types the abyss gets to be expressed in art and architecture. As a result, it shows nonlinear characteristics whose outline of the model and structural body is invisible, depth resulted from overlapping, unity from formal repetition, and temporal continuity from movement. In other words, formative elements which extend the unit area of space conceptually can be summed up by nonlinearity, overlapping, unity, and movement. Also, in art and architecture, this accelerates men's emotional functions and at the same time, has productive effects to extend space visually. Baroque abyss can be seen as a proper solution to overcome problems which modern architecture implies ultimately, that is, the limitations of area definition.