• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2014

Purpose - The competitiveness of logistics in the 21st century rests on ensuring the efficiency and effectiveness of its local hub. While considering entry into a niche market in local logistics, it is pertinent to note that Budapest is emerging as a hub in EU enlargement in Eastern Europe. Big, small, and medium-sized businesses in Korea entered Hungary in the early 1990s since then, there has been a significant increase in Korean presence, of approximately 130 times. This study aimed to identify the key distribution issues that have emerged in relation to Eastern Europe. Research design, data, and methodology - This study indicates that 33 major Korean companies were located in Hungary, which serves as an out post to enter the European marketplace. However, Korea's exports to Hungary have declined (-32.0% in 2012) because of a loss of competitiveness against multinational corporations, due to factors such as the rise in current local distribution costs and wages. Hungary, on the other hand, through diversification and expansion of foreign trade with the non-EU markets, including Korea, is increasing its exports. Strategies of emerging countries are compared and reviewed in this study, by examining the vicissitudes of Hungary's distribution methods. Results - There are issues regarding Hungary's innovative ability. Hungary has a history of low wages and high skilled labor. However, the outflow of high-quality human resources for high-wages has become more extensive, and this underlines concerns that the CEE's trade hub is moving to neighboring countries. After the European financial crisis in 2010, the Hungarian economy is now developing, because of the IMF's measures, and it is being transformed into a trade surplus nation, while regaining distribution volumes rapidly. However, if there is continued lack of investment, the supply chain is weakened and exports decline amidst competition with TNCs or with China's distribution networks. Conclusions - It is necessary to create a new logistics approach for increasing trade between Korea and Hungary. First, Korean small and medium enterprises (SMEs) should build trust by working with advanced Hungarian talent, and they should expand into state-of-the-art fields instead of being confined to traditional sectors. Second, this study focuses on limiting and lowering their high expectations for success according to foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and the role in the CEE distribution hub Korea should try to strengthen the distribution hub with its centralized population, using better, more highly educated human resources, thereby sustaining more innovative ability. Further, the positive effects of these measures are manifested in enhanced business on both sides of Hungary, namely, the EU and non-EU nations such as Turkey and emerging markets around Europe, and a better engagement in the core placement of culture and industry. For this, Korea can contribute to, and benefit from, a Hungarian logistics center, for adopting the high-tech cluster systems and commercializing distribution technology such as RFID·USN.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2023

The mold industry in Japan, an advanced country in the mold industry, is also at a point of great change. The main causes are the Ukraine crisis and the collapse of the global supply chain (parts supply chain) caused by COVID-19. In addition, the prices of overseas products are rising sharply due to rapid exchange rate fluctuations (decrease in the value of the yen). Until now, Japan's monotsukuri industry has been actively pursuing overseas expansion, riding the trend of globalization. However, the trend began to rapidly reverse, and now the monotsukuri industry that had expanded overseas is showing a tendency to return to Japan. Another factor of change is the change in the automobile industry, which is the most demanded product in the mold industry. As the automobile industry evolves from gasoline cars to electric cars, the number of parts that make up a car will drastically decrease. This trend is expected to increase the demand for small-scale production of a variety of products in the mold industry, and furthermore, it is expected that short delivery times will be required in parts development. As in Korea, the production population working in the mold industry is rapidly decreasing in Japan as well. Even if you add up the total population working in manufacturing in Japan, it only accounts for about 15%. Even in Japan, it is judged that it will be difficult to sustain the monotsukuri industry with this small production population. Therefore, since improvement in production efficiency cannot be expected with the same manual dexterity as before, the mold industry is also demanding the development of mold technology at a different level than before to increase productivity. In this paper, I would like to introduce new Japanese mold technology collected through attending the Intermold exhibition. This is an example of applying a dedicated pin (Gastos) to a mold to prevent an increase in internal pressure during plastic injection molding, and a deep drawing press molding technology with an inherent hydraulic function.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.267-286
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• 2013

WCO TRS는 국경통관절차의 효율성을 평가하는 방법이며 간단히 무역원활화를 개선하는 관점에서 무역원활화 활동을 측정하는 도구이다. 이와 같은 TRS는 국경통과절차상의 문제점을 확인하고 확인된 문제점에 대한 개선책을 마련하기 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있으며 무역원활화 개선 수준을 확인시켜 주며 다른 국가와의 비교 자료로 활용될 수 있다. 또한 더 나아가 개선된 무역원활화를 통해 무역업계의 경쟁력 강화에도 기여하게 될 것이다. 이 같은 유용성을 가지고 있는 TRS를 보다 효과적으로 활용하기 위해서 한국 관세행정당국은 현재까지 추진해오고 있는 CLIS를 통한 물품반출소요시간 측정을 지속적으로 해 나가야 할 뿐만 아니라 수입에만 치중되어 있는 반출소요시간 연구를 수출 TRS까지 확대해 나가서 전체 수출입 물품 반출시간의 효율화에 힘써야 할 것이다. 또한 중국, 일본, 미국과 같은 주요 교역상대국과 공동 TRS를 추진하여 자국내 뿐만 아니라 전체 국제무역공급망의 간소화, 표준화, 조화가 이루어질 수 있도록 해야 할 것이며 아울러 한국 관세청의 최첨단 물품반출소요시간 간소화 경험을 후진국에 전수하여 전체 국제물류공급망의 원활화에 기여할 뿐만 아니라 후진국의 수출입절차상의 역량강화(Capacity Building)에 기여함으로 국제적 위상제고에도 기여할 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.1-25
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• 2017

재무적 성과 측면의 높은 불확실성에도 불구하고, 기업들은 기술에 대한 투자를 지속적으로 확대하고 있다. 이는 기업들이 단기적 운영효율성의 증대는 물론 지속적 경쟁우위를 창출하고 유지하는 데 있어 기술투자를 중요하게 인식하고 있기 때문이다. 주목할 점은 개별 기업의 기술투자 전략과 그에 따른 세부적인 양상 혹은 패턴이 동일 산업 내에서도 상이한 모습을 보이고 있으며, 이러한 차이점이 궁극적인 기업성과의 차이로 이어지고 있다는 것이다. 본 연구는 이러한 기술투자를 전통적인 R&D 투자와 IT 투자로 구분하고, 두 가지 유형의 기술투자가 조합되어 만들어 내는 일종의 기술투자 패턴이 기업규모 및 공급사슬 상에서의 위치에 따라 기업성과에 어떤 영향을 미치고 있는 지에 대해 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 국내 562개 제조기업을 대상으로 수집된 데이터를 퍼지셋 질적비교분석(fsQCA: fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis)을 통해 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 상대적으로 기업규모가 큰 기업의 경우 세부적인 기술투자 패턴이 기업성과에 미치는 영향의 정도가 낮은 것으로 나타난 반면, 규모가 작은 기업의 경우 그 영향의 정도가 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 공급사슬 상에서의 위치에 따른 영향 역시 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이는, 기업규모가 작은 기업일수록 높은 기업성과를 얻기 위해서는 주어진 경영환경에 따라 보다 적합한 형태의 기술투자 전략이 요구된다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
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• pp.184-184
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• 2023

Globally, agriculture is one of the largest consumers and polluters of water resources, contributing to the unsustainable use of limited water resources. To reduce the resource use and environmental footprints associated with current and future food systems, researchers and policy makers have recommended the transition to sustainable and healthier diets and the reduction of food loss and waste along the food supply chain. However, there is limited information on the synergistic effects and trade-offs of adopting the two measures. In this study, we assessed the water-saving potential of the two measures in South Korea using environmentally extended input-output relying on the EXIOBASE database for the reference year 2020, along with scenario analysis to model the potential outcomes. Specifically, we analyzed scenarios where meat consumption was reduced by 30% and 50% and in combination with a 50% reduction in food waste at the consumption stage for each scenario. According to our findings, by considering individual measures of dietary change and food waste reduction, shifting to a diet with 30% and 50% less meat consumption could lead to reduction in water footprint by 6.9% and 7.5%, respectively, while 50% reduction in food waste at the consumption stage could save about 14% of water footprint. However, the synergistic effects of the two measures such as 30% less meat consumption and 50% food waste reduction, and 50% less meat consumption and 50% food waste reduction result to 20% and 24% reductions in water footprint, respectively. Moreover, our findings also showed that increasing food consumption with high environmental impacts could promote resources use inefficiency when waste occurs. Thus, policy strategies that address synergistic effects of both dietary change and food waste reduction should be strengthened to achieve sustainable food system. International and national policies can increase resource efficiency by utilizing all available reduction potentials while considering strategies interactions.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2016

The current economic crisis is making new demands on manufacturing industry, in particular, in terms of the flexibility and efficiency of production processes. This requires production and administrative processes to be meshed with each other by means of IT systems to optimise the use and capacity utilisation of machines and lines but also to be able to respond rapidly to wrong developments in production and thus to minimise adverse impacts on the business. The future scenario of the "smart factory" represents the zenith of this development. The factory can be modified and expanded at will, combines all components from different manufacturers and enables them to take on context-related tasks autonomously. Integrated user interfaces will still be required at most for basic functionalities. The complex control operations will run wirelessly and ad hoc via mobile terminals such as PDAs or smartphones. The comnination of IoT, and Big Data optimisation is bringing about huge opportunities. these processes are not just limited to manufacturing, anywhere a supply chain environment exists can benefit from information provided by linked devices and access to big data to inform their decision support. Building a smart factory with smart assets at its core means reaching those desired new levels of productivity and efficiency. It means smart products that leverage advanced traceability, connectivity and intelligence. For businesses, it means being able to address the talent crunch through more autonomous. In a Smart Factory, machinery and equipment will have the ability to improve processes through self-optimization and autonomous decision-making.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권6B호
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• pp.561-571
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• 2006

RFID 기술은 전자태그를 이용한 비접촉식 식별기술의 하나로서 IT기술의 큰 시장으로 부상하면서 다양한 연구가 이루어지고 있는 분야이다. 특히, 유통물류 분야에서 다량의 물품을 실시간적으로 식별해야하는 경우, 다중태그 식별을 위한 충돌방지 알고리즘의 성능은 전체 시스템의 성능을 좌우한다. Gen2는 UHF대역의 단일 통합표준으로 정착 예상됨에 따라 이에 대한 활발한 연구 개발이 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문은 Gen2기반 RFID 시스템에서의 슬롯 알로하 기반 충돌방지 알고리즘과 관련하여 태그개수 추정과 슬롯개수 설정에 초점을 맞추어 기존 연구들에 대하여 살펴보았고 태그개수를 효율적으로 추정할 수 있는 새로운 기법을 제안하고 슬롯개수 설정 시 사용되는 시스템효율을 새롭게 정의하였으며 시뮬레이션을 통한 기존 기법들과의 비교 분석의 결과를 제시하였다. 제안하는 태그개수 추정기법은 구현이 쉽고 태그개수가 설정된 슬롯개수의 4배 범위이내에서 효율적으로 태그를 추정하였으며 기존 슬롯효율의 정의와 구별되게 슬롯에 가중치를 부여하여 계산한 식별효율은 시스템효율을 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.640-647
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• 2013

Building Information Modelling (BIM) has become the new international benchmark for efficiency in design, construction and maintenance of buildings. It is the platform that brings about collaboration between project stakeholders and improvement of project outcomes. With all its potentials, not much of the impact of BIM technologies has been felt in the Nigerian construction industry. This research aimed at assessing the readiness of the Nigerian building design firms to adopt BIM technologies. The research was exploratory in nature. A field survey was conducted with the use of structured questionnaire, self administered to a sample of building design consultancy firms (architectural, structural, M&E, quantity surveying, and multi-disciplinary design firms) within Abuja and Kaduna. The questionnaire sought the perception of the responding firms on the factors affecting BIM adoption in the Nigerian construction industry, and their level of readiness to adopt BIM technologies in their practices based on the four categories of readiness-management, people, process and technology. 42.26% response rate was achieved and used for analysis. ANOVA and DUNCAN post-hoc tests were used to establish the differences between the responses of the groups of firms, while means and standard deviations were obtained to establish the important factors affecting BIM adoption in Nigeria. The survey revealed that all the groups of Nigerian design firms are appreciably ready for the adoption of BIM technologies in their practice, with slight variations in their respective levels of readiness. 'Lack of awareness of BIM technology among professionals' and clients and 'lack of knowledgeable and experienced partners' were identified as the most important barriers of BIM adoption in Nigeria; while the most significant drivers are 'availability of well trained professionals' and 'cooperation and commitment of professional bodies to the adoption'. Education and training of building design professionals and cooperation of all stakeholders in the design and construction supply chain were recommended as part of measures to ensure successful adoption of BIM in the Nigerian construction industry.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.373-381
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• 2011

This study focused on investigating factors of partnership formation for transactional enterprises on supply chain to form a transactional relationship centering around textile industry in Daegu and Gyeongbuk. The study also investigated the effect of the factors of partnership formation for mutual cooperation among textile manufacturers in Daegu and Gyeongbuk on partnership outcomes, and finally provided basic information that help enterprises form efficient partnership relationships with related manufacturers. The sample of the study was manufacturers of yarn, dyeing, weaving, process and fabrics in Daegu and Gyeongbuk that are registered on Korea Federation of Textile Industries. The total of 81 responses were used for data analyses, and factor analyses, regression analyses, and ANOVA were utilized appling SPSS 14.0 Package. The results of the research were as follows: First, among partnership formation factors mutual confidence was highly related to presentation of exclusive technological information, efforts to keep relationships between enterprises, presentation of information, and transactions between reliable enterprises that were formed despite of any losses. Second, it was also important that enterprises exchange and communicate their business goals with partners by having common goals. Third, it was also important that problems and damages were informed to and were shared with transaction companies. If conflicts between enterprises occurred, they can be smoothly solved based on the partnership formation. Fourth, enterprises form partnerships with transaction companies by considering their operation abilities. Fifth, transactions with enterprises which are mutually reliable and have superior technology and information contributed a lot to economic outcome. Lastly, the study revealed that among partnership formation factors mutual confidence to transaction companies influenced outcome of mutual confidence profit creation, outcome of technology & information efficiency were closely related to the ability to solve generated problem, and an important factor of the outcome of technology & information profit creation was communication.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2005

Compared with land logistics and sea logistics, air logistics takes not only less transportation time, but also makes just-in-time delivery possible. Because of this, in spite of high freight rates, many shippers make good use of airlines. To cope with borderless competition in this global age, most shippers using air logistics want to receive diverse information including just-in-time cargo delivery and dangerous situation as well as convenience and speed in job handling. Nevertheless, most domestic forwarders, who perform many kinds of important businesses for air logistics, mainly put emphasis on demanding information from overseas partners through their business agreements, that is, focusing on horizontal integration, instead of sharing information or improving job performance among air logistics participants. As a result, it is almost impossible to satisfy the needs of shippers. Airline users want to remove the uncertainties over their cargo movement. And in time of emergency, they want to take immediate measures through speedy information sharing and decision-making. In order to satisfy shipper's needs, all the organizations participating in the air logistics supply chain-cargo senders, cargo receivers, forwarders, transporters, licensed customs brokers, airlines as well as foreign partners-have to set up a vertical cooperation system. For effective air logistics SCM, it is very important to remove overlapping jobs, strengthen the efficiency of job handling, and provide online monitoring on cargo information in order to support decision-making. To this end, this paper has applied the concept of RTE (Real Time Enterprise), a new business management system, which tries to maximize competitiveness by removing many hindrance factors on an ongoing basis in managing and fulfilling core business processes based on up-to-the-minute information. In order to realize RTE-based information system for air logistics SCM, this paper has analyzed the information required by business process and by air logistics participant, and suggested the method for information sharing, point of time for information input and output, and its means.