• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was aimed to determine the effects of thoracic spine thrust manipulation on muscle activities of the scapular upward rotators and middle deltoid, active range of motion (AROM), shoulder pain, and rounded shoulder posture in young adults with rounded shoulder. Methods: The subjects were 30 young adults (14 males, 16 females) with rounded shoulder. Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental (manipulation) and control (placebo) groups of fifteen subjects respectively. The manipulation group received the manipulation (high velocity, low amplitude), which was performed by a physical therapist with the subject in the supine position and with the arms crossed over the chest and hands passed over the shoulders. For the sham group, the same procedure was performed, with the exception that the high-velocity thrust was not applied. Measurements were taken before and after the intervention. Muscle activity of upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior, middle deltoid was measured using surface electromyography. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used for shoulder pain. Goniometry was used for shoulder abduction active range of motion (AROM). Straight edge was used for supine rounded shoulder posture (RSP) distance. Results: The muscle activity of the upper trapezius, lower trapezius and middle deltoid muscle increased significantly after the intervention (p<.05). However, no significant difference was observed in serratus anterior muscle (p>.05). The VAS was significantly decreased and AROM significantly increased after the intervention (p<.05). The distance of RSP were not significant (p>.05). The control group showed no differences before and after the intervention (p>.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that thoracic spine thrust manipulation can be an effective component of treatment plan to improve pain and function.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.15.1-15.10
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• 2018

Methane emission from the enteric fermentation of ruminant livestock is a main source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and a major concern for global warming. Methane emission is also associated with dietary energy lose; hence, reduce feed efficiency. Due to the negative environmental impacts, methane mitigation has come forward in last few decades. To date numerous efforts were made in order to reduce methane emission from ruminants. No table mitigation approaches are rumen manipulation, alteration of rumen fermentation, modification of rumen microbial biodiversity by different means and rarely by animal manipulations. However, a comprehensive exploration for a sustainable methane mitigation approach is still lacking. Dietary modification is directly linked to changes in the rumen fermentation pattern and types of end products. Studies showed that changing fermentation pattern is one of the most effective ways of methane abatement. Desirable dietary changes provide two fold benefits i.e. improve production and reduce GHG emissions. Therefore, the aim of this review is to discuss biology of methane emission from ruminants and its mitigation through dietary manipulation.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 2010

This study was performed to report the effect of oriental medical treatment and general biomechanic manipulation on a patient with upper limb palsy caused by postural brachial plexus injury. The patient was treated with acupuncture, herb medicine and general biomechanic manipulation. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated with range of motion, visual analogue scale and manual muscle test. After 11 times treatment, motion and muscular force were progressed, pain was decreased. This result suggests that oriental medical treatment and general coordinative manipulation are effective to care the postural brachial plexus injury.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.103-114
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to report clinical effects of Lumbar flexion-distraction manipulation and Sitting position thoracic and lumbar vertebra adjustment manipulation on patient with Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis Methods : The patients have been treated with the above two Chuna manual manipulations. We measured Cobb's angle, VNRS before and after treatment Results : After treatment, we confirmed these transition : In first case, Cobb's angle of T-spine changed from 27 to 23 : Cobb's angle of L-spine changed from 17 to 10 : VNRS changed from 6 to 2. In second case Cobb's angle of T-spine changed from 30 to 21 : Cobb's angle of L-spine changed from 16 to 16 : VNRS chagned from 6 to 3 Conclusion : The result suggests that these two Chuna manual manipulations were effective treatment on patients with Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.14-24
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this review is to assess the effects of Chuna manipulation for postpartum pelvic pain and low back pain. Methods: To investigate the effects of Chuna manipulation for postpartum pelvic pain and low back pain, we searched the seven database (Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oasis, National Digital Science Library, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure) and manually checked related clinical trials up to May, 2019. Results: Seven studies were included in this review. Chuna and other manipulation (Osteopathy and Tuina) were effective in relieving postpartum pelvic pain and improving Oswestry Disability Index. Conclusion: This review suggests Chuna manipulation produces clinically relevant benefits for postpartum women with pelvic pain and low back pain. Further research may change estimates of effect, and larger, high-quality randomized controlled trials with robust comparison groups are recommended.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2019

Reinforcement learning has been applied to various problems in robotics. However, it was still hard to train complex robotic manipulation tasks since there is a few models which can be applicable to general tasks. Such general models require a lot of training episodes. In these reasons, deep neural networks which have shown to be good function approximators have not been actively used for robot manipulation task. Recently, some of these challenges are solved by a set of methods, such as Guided Policy Search, which guide or limit search directions while training of a deep neural network based policy model. These frameworks are already applied to a humanoid robot, PR2. However, in robotics, it is not trivial to adjust existing algorithms designed for one robot to another robot. In this paper, we present our implementation of Guided Policy Search to the robotic arms of the Baxter Research Robot. To meet the goals and needs of the project, we build on an existing implementation of Baxter Agent class for the Guided Policy Search algorithm code using the built-in Python interface. This work is expected to play an important role in popularizing robot manipulation reinforcement learning methods on cost-effective robot platforms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.24-27
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• 2003

This paper discusses practical strategies for transition from a pinching to a power grasping, where a multi-fingered hand mounted on a robotic arm envelops a cylindrical object on a table. When the manipulation system grasps a cylindrical object like a pen on a desk, a complete enveloping is not impossible in the initial configuration. The system firstly pinches the object only with two or three fingers and then grasp it with fingers and a palm after regrasping. In this pinching-grasping transition maneuver, human unconsciously selects proper strategy according to some conditions including object dimensions and initial pinching positions. In this paper we therefore develop six possible strategies for this pinching-grasping transition and then investigate their performances for some objects with various dimensions and various grasping positions, using numerical simulations. Based on their results, effective strategies are implemented by using a hand-arm system.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.555-558
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• 2011

Purpose: It is relatively unusual that infraorbital rim fracture is accompanied by nasal bone fracture. In order to correct effectively, subciliary approach and intranasal manipulation are applied simultaneously. But if reduction is not successful, intranasal manipulation may become aggressive and this often causes complications. We introduce a method using intermaxillary fixation screws for decreasing such complications and effective reduction of fracture. Methods: Total seven patients with fracture of frontal process of maxilla were treated with this method. The fracture site was exposed through the subciliary approach, and one or two screws were inserted into the displaced fracture fragment. During the traction of the screws using the wire, the fracture fragment was pushed upward from the intranasal side using an elevator supplementarily and fixed with a plate and the screws. Results: In all patients, the fracture fragment was reduced successfully and no complication occurred during one year's postoperative follow-up. Conclusion: When reduction cannot be attained through a bone hook or an elevator alone, reduction of fracture fragment can be done easily using intermaxillary fixation screws. This method is less likely to cause a mucosal injury because intranasal manipulation is not aggressive. Furthermore, as the screw can be inserted and removed easily, this method is considered effective not only for fracture of frontal process of maxilla but also for fractures in other regions.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.551-562
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• 2011

Objective: We proposed an effective 3D menu manipulation alternative with a usability test. This was performed in a 3D environment with 3D menu and control manipulation methods. Background: As 3D stereoscopic displays became generalized, various 3D applications were being used not just movies, games, but also mobile contents and advertisements. However, when a user interface was designed in a 3D environment, it was lacked that a clear standard and result of an efficiency and usability as like a 2D environment. Method: We implemented 9 kinds of 3D menu types based on 3D menu hierarchies, menu layouts and dimensions. And we extracted 3 representative control types in a 3D environment. We performed usability evaluation with full factorial design for 27 menu alternatives with 2 types of menu manipulation tasks. In this condition, we measured the performance time, subjective discomfort and eye-fatigue. Results: A control type had the significant effect, and the effect of menu types had the different result depending on given tasks. Conclusion: This experiment showed the interaction of menu and control types depended on 3D menu manipulation tasks were significant in a 3D user interface design. Therefore, as a purpose of a 3D menu manipulation task, 3D menu types and control types were should be considered. Application: We supposed this result was should be applied in a 3D menu contents design.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.181-194
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of music therapy combined with hand manipulation on depression and cognition in elderly women with mild depression. Methods: In order to investigate the effects of a music therapy program through hand, 20 elderly women with a GDS-K score of 14-18 were selected among women aged 65 to 84 living in Busan. The 10 subjects in the experimental group were given the music therapy program 3 times a week for 4 weeks, 12 sessions, and the 10 subjects in the control group were not given it. GDS-K and K-MoCA were performed before and after the experiment, and data analysis was performed through Wilcoxon's test using the SPSS 24.0 statistical package program. Results: The music therapy program through hand manipulation is effective in reducing depression in elderly women with mild depression, and there was a significant decrease. The sub-domains of depression, such as tension and depressive emotions, life dissatisfaction, lethargy, cognitive difficulties, low energy, and loss of motivation, were significantly reduced. In addition, it has an effect on cognition, and it significantly increased in attention, delayed recall ability, which are sub-domains of cognition. There is a significant difference in depression between the experimental group and the control group, and there is a significant difference in cognition between the two groups. Conclusions: The music therapy program with hand manipulation has a positive effect on depression and cognition in elderly women with mild depression.