• Title/Summary/Keyword: Effective block

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Ultrasound-guided transversalis fascia plane block versus transmuscular quadratus lumborum block for post-operative analgesia in inguinal hernia repair

  • Fouad, Ahmed Zaghloul;Abdel-Aal, Iman Riad M.;Gadelrab, Mohamed Rabie Mohamed Ali;Mohammed, Hany Mohammed El-Hadi Shoukat
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.201-209
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    • 2021
  • Background: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures. Regional blocks might provide excellent analgesia and reduce complications in the postoperative period. We aimed to compare the postoperative analgesic effect of the ultrasound-guided transversalis fascia (TF) plane block versus the transmuscular quadratus lumborum (QL) block in patients undergoing unilateral inguinal hernia repair. Methods: Fifty patients enrolled in this comparative study and were randomly assigned into two equal groups. One group received an ultrasound-guided QL block. In comparison, the other group received an ultrasound-guided TF plane block. The primary outcome was the patient-assessed resting, and movement-induced pain on the numeric pain rating scale (NRS) measured at 30 minutes postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included the percentage of patients receiving rescue analgesia in the first postoperative day, ease of performance of the technique, and incidence of adverse effects. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in NRS at rest and with movement between the groups over the first 24 hours postoperatively. The proportion of patients that received postoperative rescue analgesics during the first 30 minutes postoperatively was 4% (n = 1) in the QL group compared to 12% (n = 3) in the TF group. However, the mean performance time of the TF block was shorter than that of the QL block, and the performance of the TF block appeared easier technically. Conclusions: The ultrasound-guided TF plane block could be as effective as the QL block in lowering pain scores and decreasing opioid consumption following non-recurrent inguinal herniorrhaphy.

Vegetation survey in nature-friendly small streams for each protection method (자연형 소하천의 호안공법별 식생분포 조사)

  • Lee, Kang-Suk;Park, Jin-Ki;Yeon, Gyu-Bang;Park, Jong-Hwa
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.315-324
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    • 2011
  • Riparian vegetation distribution patterns and diversity relative to various fluvial geomorphic channel patterns, stream bank stabilization methods, and stream flow processes are described and interpreted for selected nature-friendly small stream bank protection of Goesan, central Korea. Idong Stream Pilot Project, which began in May 2003 and finished in December 2003, was selected to develop effective methods which was nature-friendly stream bank protection. The project aim to maintain or increase stream bank stabilization ecosystem goods and services while protecting downstream and stream bank ecosystem. A number of protecting methods which were a Flight of fieldstone, Vegetation block, Green river block, Stone net, Green environment block, Eco friendly cobble, Vegetation mat and Geo-green cell and Firefly block were applied on the bank of Idong stream. The stream sites have been monitored about vegetation conditions each method in 2007. We selected six points to separately investigate in left and right bank. The main purpose of this study was to find out suitable methods and to improve stream restoration techniques for ecosystem. On the stream bank, H environment block method (9.7) was the highest average of vegetation coverage and Firefly block method (3.87) was the lowest average in applied methods.

Minimal Volume of Local Anesthetic for Successful Stellate Ganglion Block (성상 신경절 차단에 필요한 국소 마취제의 최소 용량)

  • Lee, Hyo-Keun;Chung, So-Young;Yang, Seung-Kon;Lee, Hee-Jeon;Suh, Young-Sun;Kim, Chan
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.60-64
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    • 1995
  • Stellate ganglion block is a selective sympathetic blockade affecting the head and neck, and the upper extemity. It is an important method which has been used most frequently in neuro-pain clinic due to its wide range of indications. The authors attermpted to define the minimal volume of local anesthetic which need for successful stellate ganglion block by using 1% mepivacaine HCl mixed with dye. In 40 heathy volunteers, two different volumes, 3 ml in the group 1 (n=20) and 4 ml in the group 2 (n=20), were injected by an anterior paratracheal technique at the sixth cervical vertebral level. We compared the degree in sympathetic blockade by clinical sings and symptoms and also checked the spread range of dye by plain X-ray. With seven criteria for an effective block. mean score was 5.7 in group 2, while 3.4 in group 1. These results suggest that 4 ml of local anesthetic are adequate for a successful stellate ganglion block.

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The Effect of Continuous Epidural Block and Stellate Ganglion Block for Ramsay-Hunt Syndrome -A case report- (Ramsay-Hunt 증후군 환자에서 지속적 경부 경막외 차단 및 성상신경절 차단의 효과 -증례 보고-)

  • Ha, Kyoung-Ho;Woo, Sung-Hoon;Lee, Yun-Suk;Oh, Wan-Soo;Yon, Jun-Heum;Kim, Joung-Won;Hong, Ki-Hyuk
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.140-143
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    • 1999
  • Ramsay-Hunt syndrome is a related but more serious disorder caused by herpes zoster viral infection of the geniculate ganglion. It is characterized by unilateral painful vesicular rash of the uvula, palate, auricle, ear canal, and postauricular area, but it can extend into the facial tissues as well. Paralysis of the facial nerve is often seen, and there can be disequilibrium and hearing problems also. We experienced continuous cervical epidural block (CCEB) with intermittent stellate ganglion block is effective in Ramsay-Hunt syndrome. CCEB should be considered to the treatment of choice in Ramsay-Hunt syndrome.

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A New Technique for Inferior Hypogastric Plexus Block: A Coccygeal Transverse Approach -A Case Report-

  • Choi, Hong-Seok;Kim, Young-Hoon;Han, Jung-Woo;Moon, Dong-Eon
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.38-42
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    • 2012
  • Chronic pelvic pain is a common problem with variable etiology. The sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the transmission of visceral pain regardless of its etiology. Sympathetic nerve block is effective and safe for treatment of pelvic visceral pain. One of them, the inferior hypogastric plexus, is not easily assessable to blockade by local anesthetics and neurolytic agents. Inferior hypogastric plexus block is not commonly used in chronic pelvic pain patients due to pre-sacral location. Therefore, inferior hypogastric plexus is not readily blocked using paravertebral or transdiscal approaches. There is only one report of inferior hypogastric plexus block via transsacral approach. This approach has several disadvantages. In this case a favorable outcome was obtained by using coccygeal transverse approach of inferior hypogastric plexus. Thus, we report a patient who was successfully given inferior hypogastric plexus block via coccygeal transverse approach to treat chronic pelvic pain conditions involving the lower pelvic viscera.

A Study on Thermal Performance of Micro Channel Water Block for Computer CPU Cooling (컴퓨터 CPU 냉각용 미세채널 워터블록의 열성능에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, Oh-Kyung;Choi, Mi-Jin;Cha, Dong-An;Yun, Jae-Ho
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.32 no.10
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    • pp.776-783
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    • 2008
  • The object of this paper is to study on the thermal performance of a micro channel water block for computer CPU cooling. The effects of liquid flow rate, micro channel width and height on the thermal performances of water block are investigated experimentally. The water block was fabricated Al and machined with a micro milling. The water block consisted of rectangular micro channels 0.5 to 0.9 mm width and 1.5 to 4.5 mm height. The experiments were conducted using deionized water, over a liquid flow rate ranging from 0.2 to 2.0 kg/min. The base temperature and thermal resistance decrease with increasing of liquid flow rate. The increase of a channel height is more effective on the thermal resistance than the decrease of a channel width. At the flow rate of 0.7 kg/min, input power of 100 W, the base temperature and thermal resistance of sample 6 is $33^{\circ}C$ and $0.13\;^{\circ}C/W$ respectively.

Best Practice of Gamification in Block Coding Learning Platform based on Virtual Reality

  • Seo Yeon Hong;Hyeon-A Park;Ji Yeong Choe;Mi Seo Choi;Janghwan Kim;R. Young Chul Kim;Chaeyun Seo
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.419-426
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    • 2024
  • Due to the government's announcement of the 2025 policy mandating coding education, there is a growing need for effective coding learning methods in elementary education. However, there are few methods available that can easily help younger students understand coding. While text-based coding and visual block coding methods exist, they have limitations. To address these issues, we propose a block coding learning platform that combines virtual reality (VR) technology with gamification elements. The traditional two dimensional (2D) block coding methods have some limitations, so this platform aims to overcome these by providing an environment where learners can intuitively understand and experience coding in a three dimensional (3D) virtual space. The primary goal is to enhance immersive, learner-centered experiences and improve creative problem-solving skills and computational thinking. This study proposes an experimental approach to demonstrate the effectiveness of a learning platform that combines VR technology with block coding. Furthermore, we expect that the VR-based platform will significantly contribute to improving the quality of education and promoting self-directed learning among students.

Trans-intervertebral Disc Approach of Superior Hypogastric Plexus Block for Pelvic Cancer Pain: A Retrospective Study (암성 골반통에 대한 경추간판적 상하복신경총 차단술의 효과)

  • Lee, Youn-Woo;Yoon, Duck-Mi;Lee, Gee-Moon;Han, Seung-Tak;Park, Hae-Jin
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.202-207
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    • 2000
  • Background: Superior hypogastric plexus block has been advocated as a useful technique for the treatment of cancer related pelvic pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of neurolytic trans-intervertebrodiscal superior hypogastric plexus block for pelvic cancer pain. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with gynecologic, colorectal or genitourinary cancer who suffered intractable pain were studied. We performed superior hypogastric plexus block by trans-intervertebrodiscal approach at L5/S1 level under the C-arm fluoroscopic guide unilaterally or bilaterally. Ten ml of 100% dehydrated alcohol was injected through each needle. We evaluated the change of visual analog pain score (VAS; 0~100 mm) and daily dose of oral morphine sulphate at the time of pre-block and 7 days after the block. Results: Fourteen patients (50%) had satisfactory pain relief (VAS<30) while five patients (18%) had moderate pain control (VAS 30~60). The remaining nine patients (32%) had mild or little pain relief (VAS>60) and their daily oral morphine doses were above 160 mg. Additional pain control method may be needed for those patients who received high dose of opioid before neurolytic block. Conclusions: We conclude trans-intervertebrodiscal neurolytic superior hypogastric plexus block was effective in relieving pelvic cancer pain. Neurolytic block, earlier stage, may provide better effects for more comfortable life at the end stage for cancer patients.

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A Study on Disturbance Effect of Clay by Block Sampling (대형자연시료 채취를 통한 시료 교란도 분석에 관한 연구)

  • 신윤섭;김연정;김학중;김영웅
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 2003.03a
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    • pp.325-332
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    • 2003
  • In general, soil characteristics are estimated through the sample gathered by field boring without considering sample disturbance. However, soil characteristics must be changed by the degree of sample disturbance. Therefore it be need to estimate the soil characteristic considering sample disturbance which can be occurred by the change of stress condition, sampling technique and handling method. On this study, we analyzed the sample disturbance by using the methods of volume change, residual effective stress, elastic modulus and the curve of consolidation tests. In order to estimate the relationship between sample disturbance and soil characteristics, we used the piston sample and the block sample. As the results, it should be considered in design that the disturbance of the block sample, which affects the strength and compression properties of clay, is smaller than the disturbance of piston sample.

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Adaptive Scanning Based on a Morphological Representation of Coefficients for H.264/AVC

  • Choi, Kang-Sun;Ko, Sung-Jea
    • ETRI Journal
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    • v.31 no.5
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    • pp.607-609
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    • 2009
  • In this letter, an effective scanning method based on a morphological representation of quantized coefficients is proposed for intra coding in H.264. In the proposed scanning method, the scan order for each block is adaptively reconfigured by exploiting a residual correlation beyond the border of the block. An initial scan order for the current block is determined first by using the pattern of nonzero coefficients in the adjacent block. Then, a complete scan order is obtained by performing the dilation operation at each position within the initial scan order. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the coding efficiency up to 3.7% compared to the conventional zigzag scanning method.