• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제83권3호
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• pp.380-390
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• 1994

우리나라의 해안지역(海岸地域)에서 주로 생육(生育)하고 있는 해송임분(海松林分)을 대상으로 하여 그의 수고생장(樹高生長)과 생장(生長)에 영향(影響)을 미칠 것으로 예상(豫想)되는 16개의 지형인자(地形因子)와 13개의 토양인자(土壤因子) 그리고 9개의 기상인자(氣象因子)와의 관계(關係)를 분석(分析)하였다. 해송(海松)의 수고생장(樹高生長)에 영향(影響)을 미치는 인자(因子)는 지형인자(地形因子)의 국소지형, 토양견밀도, 토양B층깊이, 유효토심, 토양습도, 모암, 토성 등과 토양인자(土壤因子)의 유효인산, 전질소함량, 염기포화도, 치환성 $Ca^{{+}+}$ 등 그리고 기상인자(氣象因子)의 상대습도와 총강수량으로 나타나 이들 인자(因子)가 수고생장(樹高生長)에 기여(寄與)하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 임목(林木)의 생장(生長)에는 지형(地形), 토양(土壤), 기상인자(氣象因子)등이 상호 복합적으로 관여(關與)하고 있으므로, 이들 관여인자(關與因子) 상호간의 관계를 구명(究明)하여 임지(林地)의 임목생산력(林木生産力)을 추정(推定)하고, 적지적수(適地適樹)를 판정(判定)하며, 비배관리(肥培管理) 지침(指針)을 설정(設定)하므로써 해송임분(海松林分)의 합리적(合理的) 경영관리(經營管理)에 기여(寄與)할 것으로 기대(期待)된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.520-528
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• 2006

Free amino acids in epidermis function as a major component of Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF), which maintains the optimal level of water in skin even at the low humidity. In fact, the depletion of free amino acids is reported in the epidermis of atopic dermatitis, the skin condition involving dryness. As an effort searching the dietary source for improving the level of water and free amino acid in epidermis, the dietary effects of silk protein, sericin (S) and fibroin (F) on trans epidermal water loss (TEWL), and plasma and epidermal levels of free amino acids were compared in this study. Thirty of male NC/Nga mice, an animal model of atopic dermatitis, were divided into three groups: group CA as an atopic control with control diet, group S: 1% sericin diet and group F: 1% fibroin diet. Ten of male BALB/c mice were served as group C (control group) with control diet. All mice were fed on diet and water ad libitum for 10weeks. Dry skin condition was established in group CA as TEWL was increased (148.7% of group C). In parallel, epidermal level of glutamate, one of major amino acids functioning as NMF, was dramatically decreased and epidermal levels of methionine and alanine were inversely elevated. Dietary supplementation of sericin (group S) reduced TEWL at the similar level with group C and increased epidermal levels of glutamate as well as serine and glycine, the other major amino acids as NMF. Despite a marked decrease of methionine and alanine, the reduction of TEWL and epidermal levels of glutamate, serine and glycine of group F were less than of group S. Furthermore, in contrast to similar levels of other free amino acids in plasma and epidermis of group S and group C, plasma and epidermal levels of other free amino acids, specifically phenylalanine, isoleucine, cysteine and tyrosine in epidermis of group F, were significantly higher than of group C. Together, our data demonstrate that dietary supplementation of sericin is more effective at improving dry skin condition that paralleled with the normalization of free amino acids in plasma and epidermis of NC/Nga mice.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.330-339
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• 2014

430-470nm의 청색광 영역과 630-670nm의 적색광 영역을 5nm 간격으로 세분화한 LED를 인공광원으로 사용하고, 냉백색형광등을 대조구로 사용한 가운데 적치마상추(Lactuca sativa L. '중생종', 흥농씨앗)의 생장 및 안토시아닌 함량에 미치는 적색광 또는 청색광 LED의 피크파장에 따른 광질조사 효과를 분석하였다. 페쇄형 시스템 내에서 생장된 상추의 재배조건은 광주기 16/8h, 기온 $22/18^{\circ}C$, 습도 70%, $CO_2$ 농도 $400{\mu}mol{\cdot}mol^{-1}$로 설정하였고, 베드 면에서의 PPF를 $201{\pm}2\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$로 조절하였다. 정식 후 21일째에 측정된 상추의 생장 특성과 안토시아닌 함량은 청색광 또는 적색광 LED의 피크파장에 따라 유의차가 다르게 나타났다. 본 연구에서 처리된 LED의 피크파장 가운데 R1 처리구(피크파장 634nm)와 R6 처리구(피크파장 659nm)가 엽폭, 엽면적, 지상부 생체중 및 광합성속도의 증가에 효과적이었다. 한편 안토시아닌의 축적에 B5 처리구(피크파장 450nm)가 효과적이었다. 상추 잎의 안토시아닌 함량은 엽색의 hue 값이 작아지거나, 또는 SPAD 값이 커질수록 직선적인 관계를 이루면서 증가하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서 얻어진 피크파장 634nm와 659nm의 적색광, 450nm의 청색광은 엽채류의 생산량 증대와 안토시아닌 함량의 증진에 필요한 광질로서 활용될 것이다.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.1104-1108
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 피혁분에서 크롬을 제거하여 여러 면으로 활용 가능한 단백질자원을 얻고자 하였다. 피혁분은 크롬이 콜라겐사이에 가교결합을 하여 크롬-콜라겐염(Cr-collagenate)을 형성하므로 1단계 공정에서 $Ca(OH)_2$용액에 침지(steeping)하여 팽윤(swelling)-팽창(plumping)시켜, $H_2SO_4$용액으로 크롬을 용출시켰다. 2단계 공정에서 NaOH용액으로 팽윤-팽창시키고 $H_2O_2$용액으로 용해도가 큰 Cr(VI)으로 산화하여 $H_2SO_4$용액으로 용출시켜 탈 크롬을 마무리하였다. 1단계 공정에서 $3%-Ca(OH)_2$용액, $0.8%-H_2SO_4$용액으로 2단계 공정에서 0.1%-NaOH용액, $3%-H_2O_2$용액, $1%-H_2SO_4$용액으로 순차적으로 침지하여 효율적으로 완전 탈 크롬을 할 수 있었다. 완전 탈 크롬된 피혁분에는 수분 10.68%일 경우, 조 단백질이 79.81% 함유하였으며, 각 공정의 침지용액들은 3회까지 반복 사용하여도 완전히 크롬을 제거할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.55-55
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• 1976

An experimental work was conducted to develop an optimum operating system of various hay drying systems ; sun-drying with long hay, sun-drying after chopping, sun-drying after crushing, heated air drying after chopping using batch-type dryer and heated air drying after crushing using tunnel-type dryer. Seombody having 60 cm long and initial moisture content of approximately 79 % in wet basis was used for the experiment. The criteria selected for determining the optimum operating condition were the drying performance rate, the production cost and quality of dried matter of each drying systems. The result of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Drying characteristics of leaves of long stem hay, chopped seombody and crushed one were obtained by maintaining the oven temperature at 70 degrees centigrade. The required drying times for various samples to approximately 15% moisture content in wet basis were about 50 min .for leaves ; 160 min. for crushed hay ; 250 min. for chopped hay ; 340min. for ling hay and more than 360 min .for stems. The drying time of crushed hay was required about 50 % of that for the uncrushed long hay. Such a significant difference of drying of time between the leaf and long stem may indicate that an effective drying of seombody may not be achieved unless any kind of special process treatment for the whole hay is undertaken. 2. In each individual drying system, the following conclusions were drawn: a. After 8 days sun-drying on concrete floor under good days with average tempe?rature at $256{\circ}C$ and relative humidity at 55% at 2 P.M., the moisture content of long hay was still above 25 5'~ and the leaf loss during drying caused by wind and rough handling was more than 50 ~G. b. It was possible to dry the chopped seombody by sun-drying down to about 10 % moisture content within 5 days, however, a stock of heat and discolouration phenomena were observed during the drying, which may be due to the increased deposit-density by chopping, resulting in lowering the quality of the dried product. c. Sun-drying for the crushed material by hay-conditioner was required about 4 days to reduce the moisture content to about 10 %, keeping the quality of dried product at good grade. o. The optimum deposit-depth of the chopped seombody in the batch-type dryer used was about 28cm with about 42kg/hr of drying performance rate. However, it was necessary to overturn the materials between the upper and lower layers in order to obtain a good quality of dried product. d. The drying performance rate by the tunnel-type drier was highest among those of drying systems tested, giving the rate of approximately 400kg/day. 3. On reviewing the individual drying system for seombody, it was possible to draw conclusion that the best system was tunnel drying with the crushed seombody as far as the performance rate was concerned. However, the methods gives the highest operational cost. The system for the lowest operational cost with good quality of dried product was the sun-drying with the crushed material. Accordingly, it may be recommended that the system of sun-drying for the crushed seombody may be the most feasible system presently applicable to farm-level operation.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 1976

An experimental work was conducted to develop an optimum operating system of various hay drying systems ; sun-drying with long hay, sun-drying after chopping, sun-drying after crushing, heated air drying after chopping using batch-type dryer and heated air drying after crushing using tunnel-type dryer. Seombody having 60 cm long and initial moisture content of approximately 79 % in wet basis was used for the experiment. The criteria selected for determining the optimum operating condition were the drying performance rate, the production cost and quality of dried matter of each drying systems. The result of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Drying characteristics of leaves of long stem hay, chopped seombody and crushed one were obtained by maintaining the oven temperature at 70 degrees centigrade. The required drying times for various samples to approximately 15% moisture content in wet basis were about 50 min .for leaves ; 160 min. for crushed hay ; 250 min. for chopped hay ; 340min. for ling hay and more than 360 min .for stems. The drying time of crushed hay was required about 50 % of that for the uncrushed long hay. Such a significant difference of drying of time between the leaf and long stem may indicate that an effective drying of seombody may not be achieved unless any kind of special process treatment for the whole hay is undertaken. 2. In each individual drying system, the following conclusions were drawn: a. After 8 days sun-drying on concrete floor under good days with average tempe\ulcornerrature at $256{\circ}C$ and relative humidity at 55% at 2 P.M., the moisture content of long hay was still above 25 5'~ and the leaf loss during drying caused by wind and rough handling was more than 50 ~G. b. It was possible to dry the chopped seombody by sun-drying down to about 10 % moisture content within 5 days, however, a stock of heat and discolouration phenomena were observed during the drying, which may be due to the increased deposit-density by chopping, resulting in lowering the quality of the dried product. c. Sun-drying for the crushed material by hay-conditioner was required about 4 days to reduce the moisture content to about 10 %, keeping the quality of dried product at good grade. o. The optimum deposit-depth of the chopped seombody in the batch-type dryer used was about 28cm with about 42kg/hr of drying performance rate. However, it was necessary to overturn the materials between the upper and lower layers in order to obtain a good quality of dried product. d. The drying performance rate by the tunnel-type drier was highest among those of drying systems tested, giving the rate of approximately 400kg/day. 3. On reviewing the individual drying system for seombody, it was possible to draw conclusion that the best system was tunnel drying with the crushed seombody as far as the performance rate was concerned. However, the methods gives the highest operational cost. The system for the lowest operational cost with good quality of dried product was the sun-drying with the crushed material. Accordingly, it may be recommended that the system of sun-drying for the crushed seombody may be the most feasible system presently applicable to farm-level operation.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.902-911
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• 2010

본 총론은 주로 더운 여름에 집중 출하되고 있는 국내 참외에 대한 소비 판매 증대를 위한 품질개선을 위한 수확 후 관리 기술 및 포장재 적용 현황을 고찰하였다. 최근 재배 생산, 유통, 판매 측면에서 고품질 참외 상품화를 위한 수확 후 선별, 예냉, 저장, 유통, 포장 등 다양한 전처리 과정을 통한 과실 품질의 많은 향상을 보이고 있다. 참외 저장은 품종에 따라 다르겠지만 일반적으로 90-95% 상대습도에 7-$10^{\circ}C$ 온도의 저온 조건이 적당하며, 수확된 참외의 고품질 유지를 위하여 저온 장해를 받는 온도 조건에서 보관해서는 안 된다. 수확 후 에틸렌의 발생을 억제를 위한 1-MCP 처리, 활성물질을 가지는 기능성 포장재, 참외의 호흡률을 고려한 CA저장 및 MA 포장은 2-3% 산소 및 5-10% 이산화탄소 조건이 참외의 적정 저장 조건으로 볼 수 있다. 이러한 수확 후 관리 처리 기술의 적용 등은 참외 품질 유지와 저장 기간을 늘일 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, 특히 유통 및 저장에서 취급 중 발생할 수 있는 상품성 저하에 대해 효과적이며 안정적으로 적용할 수 있다. 현재 고품질 참외 제품에 대한 다양한 첨단 선도유지 처리 기술이 연구 진행되고 있지만 품종, 수확시기, 그리고 판매 환경조건 등을 고려한 연구가 필요하며, 국내 참외의 국제 경쟁력을 가지기 위하여 해외 제품과의 브랜드 차별화를 위한 전략적인 연구가 지속적으로 필요하다고 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.191-197
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• 1988

전분가공식품의 주요 원료인 옥수수전분과 단백질강화 또는 육란백질의 대치 단백질인 분리대두단백질을 사료로 하여 전분-단백질의 이성분혼합비율을 오늘날 흔히 사용되고 있는 plastic flim으로 포장하여 상대습도 90%와 $40^{\circ}C$에서 포장재료의 성질이 흡습특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 포장재료별 투습도는 0.02mm LDPE필름이 $32.6g/m^2/24hrs$ 0.04mm LDPE필름이 $14.01g/m^2/24hrs,$ 0.02mm OPP 필름이 $7.30g/m^2/24hrs,$ 그리고 0.02mm LDPE /0.02 mmOPP coating필름이 $4.86g/m^2/24hrs,$로서 동일한 두께성에서 비교해 볼 때 LDPE필름보다 OPP필름이 습기의 차단성이 대략 4배이상 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 또 식품시료를 포장하여 저장하는 경우도 동일한 두께의 LDPE필름보다 OPP필름이 습기의 차단성이 우수하였다. 그리고 포장한 혼합물의 저장시간에 따른 흡습속도는 일반적으로 전분함량보다는 단백질함량이 많을수록 흡습속도가 크게 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.255-263
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• 2014

Objectives: This study evaluated the fungicidal efficacy of a fumigant containing 20% ortho-phenylphenol against Trichophytone mentagrophytes (T. mentagrophytes), Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Aspergillus niger (A. niger). Methods: Five replicates of each carrier were contaminated by depositing 0.05 mL of each fungal suspension. After drying, two carriers without exposure to the fumigant and three carriers with exposure to the fumigant were left in a sealed room ($25m^3$) at $21{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ and $60{\pm}10%$ relative humidity for 15 hours. Immediately after removal from the test room, each carrier was transferred into recovery diluent and suspended, diluted and inoculated. After incubation, the numbers of each colony were counted, and the parameter values (N, T, d) were calculated. Results: The working culture suspension number (N value) of T. mentagrophytes, C. albicans and A. niger were $1.0{\times}10^8$, $1.2{\times}10^8$ and $5.7{\times}10^7CFU/mL$, respectively. All the colony numbers on the carriers exposed to the fumigant (n1, n2, n3) were higher than 0.5N1 (the number of fungal test suspensions by pour plate method), 0.5N2 (the number of fungal test suspensions by filter membrane method) and 0.5N1, respectively. In addition, all mean numbers of test strains recovered on the control-carriers (T value) were over $10^6CFU/mL$. For the fungicidal effect of the fumigant, all numbers of fungal reductions after exposure of the fumigant (d value) were 4 logCFU/mL. Conclusions: The present study showed that fumigant containing 20% ortho-phenylphenol has effective fungicidal activity against T. mentagrophytes, C. albicans and A. niger.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2001

무당벌레(Harmonia axyridis)를 시설재배지내에 발생하는 진딧물류 방제에 적용하기 위해서 농가포장에서 무당벌레를 이용하여 진딧물 수종에 대한 방제효과를 관찰하였다. 겨울과 봄, 여름철에 무우테두리진딧물과 복숭아혹진딧물, 목화진딧물이 발생한 겨자, 신선초, 케일, 가지를 재배하고 있는 시설재배지에 무당벌레 성충과 유충을 방사하여 진딧물의 방제효과를 조사하였다. 실험에 사용된 무당벌레는 월동개체군을 채집하여 실내에서 유지 보관한 것과 이들 월동개체군으로부터 진딧물을 공급하여 증식시킨 성충과 유충을 사용하였다. 겨울철에 수막시설을 갖추고 있는 시설재배지에 발생하는 진딧물을 효과적으로 방제하기 위해서는 다른 계절에 비해서 많은 양의 무당벌레의 성충과 유충을 투입하여 진딧물 개체군 밀도를 낮출 수 있었다. 봄철과 여름철에는 진딧물의 종류와 밀도에 따라서 무당벌레의 방사밀도를 달리하여 원하는 시기에 효과적으로 진딧물 개체군 수준을 낮출 수가 있었다. 무당벌레를 투입하는데는 시설재배지내의 온도와 습도 조건이 중요한 환경요인으로 작용하며, 진딧물 개체군의 증가율과 진딧물 초기밀도, 투입하는 무당벌레의 발육단계 등의 요인들을 고려하여야 할 것으로 판단된다.