• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.353-360
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• 2009

14개의 microsatellite (MS) marker를 사용 할 경우 무작위 교배 집단(PI) 가정 하에 $3.43{\times}10^{-27}$의 판별율을 보여 60 개의 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker에 비해 약 1,000배의 높은 판별 효과를 나타내는 것으로 파악되었다. 그러나, 60개의 SNP marker의 경우 반형매 교배 집단($PI_{half-sibs}$)으로 가정할 경우 $4.69{\times}10^{-20}$과 전형매 교배 집단($PI_{sibs}$)으로 가정 할 경우 $8.02{\times}10^{-12}$으로 14개의 MS marker에 비해 약 10배와 10,000배의 높은 판별 효과를 나타내는 것으로 추정되었다. 이러한 결과는 무작위 교배집단에서는 사용된 marker의 전체 대립유전자수(MS : SNP = 146 : 120)에 의하여 판별효율이 결정되는 반면, 혈연관계가 높은 반형매와 전형매 집단에서는 비슷한 총 대립유전자수일 경우 marker의 수(MS : SNP = 14 : 60)가 많은 경우가 더 높은 판별율을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 한육우의 경우 소수의 보증 종모우를 이용해 인공수정을 통해 형성 된 거대한 반형매 집단으로 가정하였을 경우 MS와 SNP marker의 판별율은 10배 정도의 차이로 큰 차이를 보이지 않을 것으로 예견되나, likelihood rato를 이용 하는 inclusion 방법에 의하여 부모를 동시에 찾을 확률은 MS marker가 1,000 배 정도 더 효율적인 것으로 나타났다. SNP marker의 장점인 변이의 안정성, 유전자형 분석의 자동화 및 대용량화 등을 한육우의 동일성 검사에 활용하기 위해서는 분석비용 절감 방안과 분석방법 및 장비의 국산화 등 실용 및 상용화적 측면에서의 연구개발이 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.315-322
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• 2008

실험실 내 조건에서, 물과 토양 중 cyhalofop-butyl과 그 대사물질인 cyhalofop acid를 위한 잔류분석법이 고감도에서도 간단하고 매우 효과적으로 개발되었다. 물과 토양 중 cyhalofop-butyl과 cyhalofop acid를 분석하기 위하여 액액분별추출과 silica gel chromatographic 정제를 수행하였으며 HPLC-UV를 이용하여 정성/정량하였다. cyhalofop-butyl의 회수율은 2 가지 농도에서 3 반복 수행하여 각각 82.5-100.0%와 66.7-97.9%이었고, 검출한계와 최소검출량은 두 시료에서 모두 0.02 ppm과 10 ng이었다. Cyhalofop acid의 회수율은 물과 토양에서 각각 80.7-104.8%와 76.9-98.1%이 었으며, 검출한계는 각각 0.005 ppm과 0.01 ppm이었고 최소검출량은 두 시료에서 모두 2 ng이었다. Cyhalofop-butyl의 반감기는 물과 토양에서 각각 4.14와 6.6 day였다. 개발되어진 본 시험법은 cyhalofop-butyl의 30% 유탁제를 처리한 물과 토양에서 그 잔류량을 분석하기 위하여 성공적으로 적용되었다.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 과불화합물 PFOA와 PFOS potassium salt가 Mesocentrotus nudus의 10 min-수정률과 48 h-정상유생발생률에 미치는 독성영향을 반수영향농도, 무영향농도, 최소영향농도 등의 독성값 계산을 통해 확인하였다. PFOA와 PFOS potassium salt에 대한 10 min-수정률의 EC₅₀ 값은 각각 1346.43 mg/l와 536.18 mg/l로 나타났으며, 48 h-정상유생발생률의 EC₅₀ 값은 각각 42.67 mg/l와 17.81 mg/l로 나타났다. 최근 연구에 의하면, 환경 내의 PFOA와 PFOS의 농도는 지속적으로 감소하였으며, 성게류에게 급성독성을 나타낼 정도는 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 생물체내에서는 여전히 높은 농도로 관측되고 있다. 결국, PFOA와 PFOS는 생물체의 생애전주기에 걸쳐 체내 축적이 가능하기 때문에, 연안환경에 서식하는 해양생물을 이용한 생애전주기적 만성독성 연구가 필요할 것이다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.1527-1535
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• 2012

Selection of the most informative molecular descriptors from the original data set is a key step for development of quantitative structure activity/property relationship models. Recently, mutual information (MI) has gained increasing attention in feature selection problems. This paper presents an effective mutual information-based feature selection approach, named mutual information maximization by replacing collinear variables (MIMRCV), for nonlinear quantitative structure-property relationship models. The proposed variable selection method was applied to three different QSPR datasets, soil degradation half-life of 47 organophosphorus pesticides, GC-MS retention times of 85 volatile organic compounds, and water-to-micellar cetyltrimethylammonium bromide partition coefficients of 62 organic compounds.The obtained results revealed that using MIMRCV as feature selection method improves the predictive quality of the developed models compared to conventional MI based variable selection algorithms.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.433-438
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• 2008

Much of the increase in agricultural productivity over the past half century has been due to the control of the pests with synthetic pesticides. The use of these pesticides has caused environmental problems and public health concern. The guidelines of maximum residue levels of pesticides in agricultural products has been well documented but more careful monitoring of their residues is required. Pyrethorid class pesticides are dominant in modern agricultural industry but public health concerns have been recently considered. The major route of pesticide exposure is the diet and with improved surveillance of pyrethorid residues in agricultural products their exposure should be controlled and minimized. In suitable products with reduced matrix effects such as agricultural products, aqueous samples, fruits and vegetables the use of immunoassays for pyrethorid residue monitoring could satisfy this requirement. Immunoassays have several advantages, namely they are highly sensitive, selective and cost-effective and enable large-scale sample handling and analysis in the laboratory.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.37.1-37.5
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• 2016

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Anti-HIV agents targeting various steps in HIV life cycle have been developed; however, so far, no effective drugs have been found. We show here that a peptide isolated from Spirulina maxima (SM-peptide) inhibits HIV-1 infection in a human T cell line MT4. SM-peptide inhibited $HIV-1_{IIIB}$-induced cell lysis with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50}$) of 0.691 mM, while its 50 % cytotoxic concentration ($CC_{50}$) was greater than 1.457 mM. Furthermore, the SM-peptide inhibited the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity and p24 antigen production. This suggests that SM-peptide is a novel candidate peptide, which may be developed as a therapeutic agent for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권12호
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• pp.781-788
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• 2010

An often overlooked issue in the field of adenovirus (Ad)-mediated cancer gene therapy is its limited capacity for effective systemic delivery. Although primary tumors can be treated effectively with intralesional injection of conventional Ad vectors, systemic metastasis is difficult to cure. Systemic administration of conventional naked Ads leads to acute accumulation of Ad particles in the liver, induction of neutralizing antibody, short blood circulation half-life, non-specific biodistribution in undesired organs, and low selective accumulation in the target disease site. Versatile strategies involving the modification of viral surfaces with polymers and nanomaterials have been designed for the purpose of maximizing Ad anti-tumor activity and specificity by systemic administration. Integration of viral and non-viral nanomaterials will substantially advance both fields, creating new concepts in gene therapeutics. This review focuses on current advances in the development of smart Ad hybrid nanocomplexes based on various design-based strategies for optimal Ad systemic administration.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2003년도 춘계 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.302-310
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• 2003

Cracking of slabs will be caused by applied load and volume changes during the life of a structure and thus it reduces flexural stiffness of slabs. The effect of slab cracking must be considered for appropriate modeling of the flexural stiffness for frame members used in structural analysis. Analytical and experimental study was undertaken to estimate the stiffness reduction of slabs. In the analytical approach, the trend of slab stiffness reduction related to gravity and lateral loads is found and the stiffness reduction factor ranged from a half to a quarter in ACI building code is reasonable when defining range. Analyzing results of the test by Hwang and Moehle for 0.5% drift show that the differences of rotational stiffness on the connection types is found and good results of lateral stiffness using the value of one-third is obtained.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2000

Development of stabilized enzyme was attempted for cosmetic applications. Papain, a proteolytic enzyme, was stabilized through conjugation with a soluble carbohydrate biopolymer, SC-glucan$^{TM}$ . With a novel structure of the conjugation site, stability of the enzyme was significantly enhanced such that more than 90% of the initial activity retained after a month storage at 45$^{\circ}C$, while no activity were detected in native enzyme or enzyme simply mixed with SC-glucan$^{TM}$ after the storage. Conjugation with SC-glucan$^{TM}$ not only extended the half-life of the enzyme on storage at higher temperature, but was also found to protect enzymes against some components contained in cosmetic products for skin care. Cosmetic lotion containing 1 % papain conjugate was more effective and less irritative in exfoliating stratum corneum of human skin than the lotion containing 5% lactic acid, one of the current popular exfoliating agents.gents.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.210-216
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• 1995

Partially purified water-soluble extract mixture from Ricini and Coptidis (named as RIC) showed to be a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) replication. RIC was evaluated for in vitro anti-HIV activity using SupTl and H9 cells infected by a recombinant virus (pSVCAT) containing chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene substituted for nef gene in the HIV-1 genome. RIC inhibited syncytiaformation of SupTl cells with a half maximal effective concentration, $IC_{50}$/, of 2.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mι and showed marked inhibition of CAT activity in the infected H9 cells and also suppressed reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in the supernatant of the infected H9 culture. However, RIC did not inhibit the activity of reverse transcriptase directly when it was mixed with the enzyme or with viral particles. Berberine, one of components of RIC, also showed similar anti-HIV activity as RIC did. The data suggest that there are active ingredients which mediate anti-HIV activity in RIC.