• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 2005

In order to investigate the stabilizing effect of piles against sliding, a series of model tests were carried out. The model apparatus was designed to perform the model test of slope reinforced by stabilizing piles. The instrumentation system was used to measure the deflection of stabilizing piles during slope failure. The stabilizing effect of the piles in a row with some interval ratio is larger than the isolated pile without interval ratio. Because the prevention force of piles in a row increased due to the soil arching effect between piles during slope failure. Especially, the maximum value of prevention ratio was presented at 0.5 of interval ratio. If the required prevention ratio is 1.1, the interval ratio must be installed from 0.5 to 0.8. Also, the stabilizing effect of piles against sliding is excellent at the interval ratio between 0.5 and 0.8. This value can be proposed as the criterion of the interval ratio between piles against slope failure.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.435-440
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• 2022

This study analyzed the impact of changes in real estate prices on the soundness of Korean banks using multiple regression models. As a result of the analysis, changes in real estate prices significantly increase the banks' non-performing loans through the increase in loans. Among macroeconomic variables, short-term interest rates were found to have a significant effect on all soundness indicators such as BIS capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loans ratio, and liquidity coverage ratio. Among the bank characteristics indicators, the loan growth rate had a significant negative effect on BIS capital adequacy ratio, and the real estate mortgage rate had a significant positive effect. In additional, it was found that non-performing loans ratio and liquidity coverage ratio had a negative effect on BIS capital adequacy ratio.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1757-1762
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• 2011

Aflatoxins are natural contaminants of poultry feeds and feed ingredients and cause liver damage, immunosuppression, reduction in performance and mortality in broilers. A number of studies have been carried out to study the effects of aflatoxin on feed conversion ratio in broilers. The results on feed conversion ratio of 10 research articles in broilers fed with aflatoxin from first day of age to six weeks of age were compiled and were subjected to meta-analysis. Chi-square test and $Tau^2$ (heterogeneity co-efficient) were applied to test for significance of heterogeneity of studies. To integrate results, fixed effect model by Inverse Variance method (IV method) was used when heterogeneity was insignificant and otherwise random effect model by DerSimonian and Laird Method (DL method) was used. The results of meta-analysis showed that the adverse effect of aflatoxin on feed conversion ratio at the end of first week was negligible, second week was medium and third to six weeks was very large.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1120-1124
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• 2004

Recently, Plasma Display Panel(PDP) has been in the spotlight as one of the next generation flat-panel-display device. However, it has several drawbacks like the low contrast ratio and the low luminance. In this study, a new address waveform is suggested to improve the priming effect and contrast ratio at the address period in the Address Display period Separated(ADS) method. We modified waveform, instead of a conventional waveform, to an address period, for operating on the Plasma Display Panels, which used the conventional gas [He-Ne-Xe〕. When the ramp pulse is added to the address period at the sustain electrode, it is improved on the priming effect and contrast ratio.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.96-104
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• 1992

Aircraft structures and engineering structures are always subject to variable amplitude loads. Variable amplitude loads include some kind of loading history; for example, constant amplitude load, single peak overload and block overload etc. Crack growth under variable amplitude loading exhibits retardation effect. In this study, the 4 point bending fatigue test was performed by hydrolic servo fatigue testing machine on 7075-T6 Al-alloy. The retardation effect of overload ratio and numbers of overload cycle was quantitatively studied. 1) Change of retardation effect against increment of overload ratio is more evident when the multiple overload is applied than single overload is done. 2) The number of overload cycle is very important factor about the crack growth retardation effect when the overload ratio is more than 1.75; that is not when the overload ratio is less than 1.75. 3) Overload affected zone size increased gradually by increment of crack growth retardation effect. 4) Crack driving force is more greatly reduced when the crack tip branched off two direction than it sloped to one direction.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.43-53
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the performance of local taxes in Indonesia through the estimation of tax capacity and tax effort, as well as classifying provinces based on the estimated value of tax capacity and tax effort. Research design, data and methodology: this study uses panel data of 34 provinces in Indonesia for the period of 2014-2018. The analytical method used in the tax capacity model is panel data regression to explain the factors that influence tax performance. Tax effort is estimated by the ratio of tax to tax capacity. Results: The results of the analysis show that gini ratio and regional expenditures have a significant positive effect on the tax ratio, while the share of GRDP in the manufacturing sector and HDI has a significant negative effect on the tax ratio. Based on the results, there are 19 provinces that have low tax capacity and 16 provinces that have low tax effort. Conclusions: The development of local tax performance tends to fluctuate with an average of 1.24 percent per year. Gini ratio and regional expenditure have a significant positive effect on the tax ratio, while the share of GRDP in the manufacturing sector and HDI have a significant negative effect on the tax ratio.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of hydropower factors (watershed, gross head), operation ratio and unit electricity cost on the benefit-cost ratio (B/C ratio) of small hydropower using agricultural reservoirs. The equation of B/C ratio was expressed as a function of watershed area, gross head, operation ratio and unit electricity cost. The benefit increased with watershed area, gross head and unit electricity cost, while the cost increased with watershed area and gross head but decreased with operation ratio. The B/C ratio increased with watershed area, gross head, operation ratio and unit electricity cost. While the effect of gross head on the B/C ratio decreased with watershed area, the effect of operation ratio and unit electricity cost on the B/C ratio increased with watershed area. The operation ratio is an important factor to affect the B/C ratio and therefore we need to develop hydropower for the heightened dams to expect high operation ratio due to continuous water release. The unit electricity cost is also an important factor to affect the B/C ratio and the B/C ratio was always below 1 unless unit electricity cost is over 60 Won/kWh under given conditions. The reservoirs with economic feasibility for small hydropower development were three in 21 when the equation of B/C ratio was appled to the study reservoirs. The results can be used to choose the appropriate reservoir with economic feasibility for development of small hydropower.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.2803-2810
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• 2007

Three dimensional numerical studies were carried out to investigate the effect of aspect ratio on gas slip flow in rectangular microchannels. We focused on aspect ratio effect on slip velocity, pressure distribution and mass flow rate. As aspect ratio decreases the wall slip velocity also decreases. As a result nonlinearity of pressure distribution increases. The slip velocities on sides and top/bottom walls are different and this difference decreases with increasing aspect ratio. These two velocities are equal when aspect ratio is 1. The ratios of slip mass flow rate over noslip mass flow rate increases with increasing aspect ratios.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.387-392
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• 2003

The mechanical behavior of two rectangular spot-welded plates under bending is investigated in detail. The equivalent thickness of spot-welded plates is introduced in this study and used in explaining the results. The focus of the analysis is to evaluate the effect of spot-welding from the view point of equivalent thickness. The investigation of deflection has been performed as comparing the result from finite element analysis with the measured data of the spot-welded plates for various parameters, such as aspect ratio, area ratio, and distance ratio of spot-welding points. The effect of spot-welding is as large as 62%(at r=1.0) when the area ratio of spot-welding point is just 4.52%.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.82-89
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• 1994

In this paper the effect of stress ratio on the fatigue crack growth rate of aluminum alloy A5083-O was examined. The fatigue tests were carried out using CCT (center cracked tension) specimens and CT(compact tension) specimens which were subjected to 0.5 and -1.0 stress ratio respectively. The obtained results are as follows; 1) The $\DeltaK_{th}$ as the function of stress ratio R was introduced in evaluating the fatigue crack growth rate of A5083-O. 2) A new model evaluating the effect of stress ratio on the fatigue crack growth rate was developed over the region of low and high propagation rate.