• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2011

${\beta}$-sitosterol glucoside exists in a variety of plants and have anti-tumor, anti-microbial, and immunomodulatory activities. Mast cells and eosinophils play important roles in a variety of inflammatory diseases, specifically asthma and atopic dermatitis. In the present study, we used lactose-${\beta}$-sitosterol (L-BS) and investigated the effect of L-BS on inflammatory responses of the human mast cell line, HMC-1 and the human eosinophilic leukemia cell line, EoL-1. In HMC-1 cells, L-BS significantly inhibited cell migration in response to stem cell factor without cytotoxicity. However, the mRNA expression of CC chemokine receptors (CCRs), including CCR1-5, were not altered after L-BS treatment in HMC-1 cells. LPS-induced IL-4 production was also suppressed by L-BS in a dose-dependent manner. In EoL-1 cells, the concentration ranging from 0.1 ${\mu}M$ to 10 ${\mu}M$ of L-BS had no cytotoxicity and had no effect on mRNA expression of major protein-mediators derived from activated eosinophils. However, 100 ${\mu}M$ of L-BS induced the apoptosis of EoL-1 cells in a time-dependent manner. This finding indicates the possibility of L-BS as a potential therapeutic molecule in inflammatory diseases and may contribute to the need to improve current therapeutic drugs.

• 생약학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.91-95
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• 1996

In the course of searching for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from crude drugs, it was found that total MeOH extract of Corydalis Tuber showed significant inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase. To isolate acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Corydalis Tuber, total MeOH extract of the the crude drug was subjected to activity guided fractionation. The MeOH extract was suspended in water and fractionated with methylene chloride and subjected to acid-base fractionation. Silica gel column chromatography of the basic fraction which showed significant inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase was carried out and 5 subfractions (1-5) were obtained. From subtraction 4, compound I was isolated. The structure of isolated compound I was identified by spectroscopic parameters of $^1H-NMR$, $^{13}C-NMR$, EI-MS and FAB-MS. The compound I was identified as berberine. It was found from the Lineweaver-Burk plot that berberine was a reversible and specific inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase having 90% inhibitory effect at the concentration of $2.5{\mu}M$.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.698-704
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• 2019

Quercus mongolica (QM), which belongs to fagaceae, is one of the oak native to Korea. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of branches extracted with 70% ethanol of QM (QM-B) and elucidated the potential signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The QM-B showed anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of NO production. The QM-B dose-dependently suppressed NO production by inhibiting iNOS, COX-2 and IL-6 expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The QM-B inhibited the degradation and phosphorylation of IκB-α and NF-κB activation. The QM-B suppressed the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2. Also, the QM-B increased HO-1 expression. These results suggested that QM-B may utilize anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway and inducing HO-1 expression indicated that the QM-B can be used as a natural anti-inflammatory drugs.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2007

Objectives : In this study, we investigate that Euphorbiae lathyridis Semen extract contributes to growth inhibitory effect and anti-cancer activity on the HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Methods : Euphorbiae lathyridis Semen was extracted from the Semen of the plant using 80% Methanol. The Euphorbiae lathyridis Semen extract was treated to different concentrations for 24 hr, 4Shr or 72hr. Growth inhibitory effect was analyzed by measuring FACS study and MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was confirmed by surveying caspases cascades activation using Westem blot. Results : Exposure to Euphorbiae lathyridis Semen extract (0.4mg/ml) results in an inhibitory effect on cell growth in HT-29 cells. Growth inhibition by Euphorbiae lathyridis Semen extract in HT-29 cells was related with the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis. The Euphorbiae lathyridis Semen extract induces DNA fragmentation in HT-29 cells. Furthermore, Euphorbiae lathyridis Semen extract induces cell apoptosis through the activation of caspases-3, caspase-9 and PARP cleavage. Conclusion : Euphorbiae lathyridis Semen extract induces apoptosis in human colon cancer cells, therefore, we suggest that Euphorbiae lathyridis Semen extract can be used as a novel class of anti-cancer drugs.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.18-27
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• 2018

Purposes: This study aims to investigate the policy effect of mandatory application of DRG for 7 disease groups in general and tertiary hospitals. Methodology: As DRG was fully implemented in July 2013, this study compares two periods before and after the change(from July 2012 to June 2013, and from July 2013 to June 2014). The benefit claim data of the National Health Insurance Service was used for the comparison. Target patients were those who visited general or tertiary hospitals between July 2012 to June 2014. For pharmaceutical consumption, Interrupted Time Series (ITS) analysis was used to see the effect of DRG mandatory application. Findings: The number of drugs prescribed per patient and pharmaceutical expenditure both showed significant reduction compared to before the DRG implementation. Practical Implications: This study used 2 sets of 1 year period data from before and after the full implementation of DRG to analyze pharmaceutical consumption. When the comparison data accumulates further, it would be possible to conduct more diverse analysis to assess policy effect and to provide way forward for the future.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2009

Purpose: It is well recognized that gingival enlargement is induced by unwanted effect associated with three major drugs/drug groups - phenytoin, cyclosporine, and the calcium channel blockers. The present case report describes the effect and limitation of non-surgical treatment in gingival enlargement cases. Materials and methods: Three cases included 2 drug-influenced gingival enlargement patients and a idiopathic gingival fibromatosis patient. For the drug-influenced gingival enlargement patients, the medication was replaced with other medication. And then, all the patients were treated non-surgically. Results: Drug-influenced gingival enlargements had been reduced after non-surgical treatment and the results were well-maintained. In the idiopathic gingival fibromatosis case, non-surgical treatment resulted in only limited reduction of gingival enlargement, and surgical periodontal treatment was unavoidable. Conclusion: These case reports indicated that non-surgical periodontal treatment with change in medication was effective in the treatment of drug-influenced gingival enlargements. Non-surgical approach can be considered as the primary management to reduce the gingival enlargement. If non-surgical treatment encounters a limitation, surgical treatment should be considered.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권3호통권130호
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• pp.252-256
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• 2002

In the previous study, we demonstrated that ginsenoside $Rb_1$ isolated from the butanol fraction of the head of Panax ginseng had significant gastroprotective activity on gastritis and gastric ulcer models in rats. It has been well established that drugs to have capacity of scavenging or inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen radicals prevent the gastric mucosal injury. Ginsenoside $Rb_1$ was tested on HCl ethanol-induced gastritis in rats, DPPH-induced free radical scavenging effect, MDA assay, GSH activity, and SOD activity in gastric tissue. It showed significant inhibition in HCl ethanol-induced gastritis, and al~o significantly increase of GSH activated SOD. We speculate that the protective effect of ginsenoside $Rb_1$ against HCl ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage is originated from the increase of GSH and the activation of SOD.

• 생약학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.12-18
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• 1986

In order to investigate experimentally the clinical effects of Choweesungchung-Tang that has been widely used in the cardiovascular and neuropsychogenic disease, experimental studies with experimental animals were carried out. The results of these studies were summarized as follows; Suppressive action was not shown on the convulsion induced by strychnine, but significant effect was noted on the convulsion induced by picrotoxin and caffeine. In acetic acid method, analgesic effect was noted. By the rotor rod and wheel cage method, sedative action was noted. A prolongation of hypnotic time induced by pentobarbital-Na was obtained. Relaxing action was noted remarkably on the ileum of mice, also about mice and guinea-pigs, the same effect was recognized on the smooth muscle of the ileum. The expansion of blood vessels by relaxation of smooth muscle and hypotensive action were noted.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.402-407
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• 2008

The synergistic antimicrobial effect of Achyranthes japonica Nakai (AJN) and Bifidobacterium extracellular factors against Clostridium difficile were measured using a turbidity method. Each broth supernatant of Bifidobacterium infantis ($68.8{\pm}0.02%$) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis ($33.2{\pm}0.2%$) obtained by adding ethyl acetate soluble fractionate from A. japonica Nakai ethanolic extracts (AJNEA, 100 ppm, no inhibition) showed high synergistic antimicrobial activity against C. difficile. In addition, the antimicrobial activity in a laboratory medium and yogurt products against C. difficile were evaluated. In yogurt prepared with a starter 5 (Lactobacillus acidophilus: Streptococcus thermophilus: B. adolescentis =1 : 1 : 1) and a starter 4 (L. acidophilus: S. thermophilus: B. infantis=1 : 1 : 1) and 0.5% AJNEA powder, high antimicrobial effects were recorded that measured 79.0 and 65.2%, respectively. The results indicated the potential of AJN extract for use as an antimicrobial agent. In addition, the efficiency of the antimicrobial activity of the extracts was further improved in combination with lactic acid bacteria, which suggests that they have the potential to be used as a highly effective antibiotic-tolerant microorganism prevention system. Such a strategy can be used for alternative drugs or functional food additives for treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.477-481
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• 2006

A clinical report indicates that 'Geijibokryunghwan(GBH) is very effective in treating thrombosis in those patients who have difficulties with more conventional antithrombotic drugs. The isolation and identification of various compounds from this plant and the same genus have been reported by several groups. However, the pharmaceutical effect of the GBH on superoxide generation in human neutrophils has not been studied. In the present report, we investigated the possibility of using herbal medicine as an alternative therapy. In particular, we studied tremor in antiatheroscleosis. In this report, we shows the GBH extract can be used as a potential atherosclerosis preventive agent in human. The effect of GBH on stimulus-induced superoxide generation and phosphorylation of tyrosine residues of protein in human neutrophils was investigated. In a conclusion, GBH suppressed tyrosine phosphorylase in a dose-dependent manner, and may have pharmacoceutical applications. These data suggest that GBH extracts merits investigation as a potential anti-atherosclerogenic agent in humans.