• Journal of health informatics and statistics
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.192-198
• /
• 2017

Objectives: This study was designed to construct and test the structural equation model for the alcohol-related problem of alcohol use disorders. Methods: Data were collected by structured self-questionnaires from 229 male subjects who received > 8 (greater than 8) score on Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). The Data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: The model fit indices for the modified hypothetical model showed Q = 2.50, GFI = 0.90, and CFI = 0.94. As a result, Life position, parent's drinking problem, and alcohol expectancy had significantly direct effect on alcohol-related problem. Alcohol expectancy also had mediator effect between life position and alcohol-related problem. Conclusions: Consequently, the more positive life position, the less alcohol-related problem occurred. It is necessary to change their life position, which is individual factor, to prevent or reduce the alcohol related problem of alcohol use disorders.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 2000

In modern society, the amount of alcohol ingestion is increasing at a dangerous level, especially among women. One of reason for increased alcohol consumption is stress caused by social pressures. Alcohol is a kind of depressant of centric nervous system, so it can induce relaxation of body and decrease the stress. The evidence on the effects of alcohol on the fetus is somewhat hazy, whereas that of smoking is quite clear. The literature on the ingestion of alcohol strongly suggests that drinking during pregnancy is associated with teratogenic effect and low birth weight. Therefore, the adverse effect of alcohol ingestion during pregnancy must be informed to public. More remarkable warning sign about alcohol ingestion must be attached on the top of bottles. This can be an effective measure for public education. Also legal sanction or tax imposition for the production of liquor be required. First of all, drinking habit or drinking culture must be changed. In fact, the strongest motivation of drinking in adolescent is a peer pressure which is related to drinking habit or culture. Secondly, early detection and treatment must be required to prevent from fetal alcohol syndrome. Accordingly, drinking history of pregnant women must be assessed as early as possible and health professional should give a warning about the abstinence of alcohol to drinking women. Thirdly, to minimize the adverse effects for mother, withdrawal syndrome by alcohol ingestion must be treated. to correct the malformation by fetal alcohol syndrome(FAS) can be corrected. Sometimes surgical intervention may be required for this purpose.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.75-80
• /
• 2013

This study was designed to elucidate the effect of fermented blackberry drinks (BD) on alcohol metabolism and hangover in alcohol-treated rats. We showed that the administration of BD increased the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in alcohol-treated rats. Moreover, the administration of BD reduced the serum alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations in alcohol-treated rats. Furthermore, the administration of BD attenuated the levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in alcohol-treated rats. Taken together, these results suggest that BD plays an important role in alcohol metabolism and liver function by reducing blood alcohol and acetaldehyde through the activation of ADH and ALDH in alcohol-treated rats and could be used as a functional anti-hangover drinks.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.12 no.1_2
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 1978

In an attempt to explore the effect of Ginseng on the permeability of the biological membrane to cations we have investigated the effect of Ginseng-alcohol extract on the transport of $Na^+$ human red blood cell preprations. The $Na^+$ influx was measured in intact red cells using $^{22}Na$ as a tracer and the efflux in reseated red cells using $^{24}Na$ as a tracer. 1. The influx of $Na^+$ was not apparently changed by the Ginseng-alcohol extract of 20mg% in the incubation medium. 2. Similarly, 20mg% Ginseng-alcohol extract in the cellular space did not alter the efflux of $Na^+$ from the cell. However, 50mg% of Ginseng-alcohol extract in the cell resulted in a significant increase in the $Na^+$ efflux and this effect was magnified when the cell was suspended in the medium containing the Ginseng-alcohol extract in a concentration of 20mg %. The results suggest that Ginseng-alcohol extract over 50mg% increase permeability of red blood cell membrane to $Na^+$ by altering the membrane integrity.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2018.04a
• /
• pp.81-81
• /
• 2018

The present study was investigated on in vitro anti-obesity effect of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol from Cudrania tricuspidata. We isolated various compounds from Cudrania tricuspidata. Among these compounds, anti-obesity effects of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol was examined by lipase activity assay, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type IV (PDE4) activity assay, and citrate synthase activity assay. 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and Cudrania tricuspidata extracts inhibited the enzymatic activities of lipase, PDE4, and citrate synthase. Lipase is known to mediate the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol in adipose tissue and cholesterol esters in other tissue or cells. Also, PDE4 hydrolyses cAMP, a crucial secondary messenger for in metabolic pathways including glucose and lipid metabolism, lipolysis, and thermogenic function. 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and Cudrania tricuspidata extracts induced the inhibitory effect against each enzymatic activity on several specific substrates as observed by detection at 405 or 412 nm. These findings might be attributable to the inhibition of adipogenesis, and partial prevention of obesity. In conclusion, these results show that 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and Cudrania tricuspidata may be a critical candidate as a natural anti-obesity source.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 1990

Streptococcus mutans 10449 was cultured in sucrose-containing BHI broth with ethyl alcohol of different concentration from 1% to 18%, The pH of culture media was from pH 7.00 to pH 5.00. Tobacco smoke and tobacco extract were also used. Ethyl acohol began to inhibit sucrose fermentation by S. mutans at 2% and completely inhibited it between 9% and 18%. The lower the pH of media was, the stronger the inhibition of ethyl alcohol became. 9% Ethyl alcohol completely inhibited sucrose fermentation by S. mutans below pH 5.50, Inhibition by tobacco extract was obvious, but it did not inhibit the growth of S. mutans also. Therefore, the increase of caries activity in drinkers and smokers could be the result of indirect effect of alcohol and tobacco by oral ecology, behavior, or systematic course, rather than the result of direct effect of alcohol and tobacco to plaque bacteria and their metabolism.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.49-51
• /
• 1984

After pretreatment with ginseng followed by induction of acute intoxication of alcohol, the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS) and aldehyde dehydrogenase(Ald DH) increased respectively compared to the groups treated with alcohol alone. In case that ginseng was given to rats fed with 5% alcohol instead of water for 60 days, the activities of ADH and MEOS increased compared to the groups treated. On the contrary, the activity of Ald DH in mitochondrial fraction decreased to an extent of about 35% in chronic alcoholism, but after pretreatment of ginseng the activity was restored to the control level. On the other hand, the catalase activity was not significantly affected by either treatment. Ginseng butanol fraction significantly increased the serum isocitrate dehydrogenase activity which is inhibited by alcohol-treated in rat. Alcohol-induced lactate dehydrogenase activity was decreased to control level in liver by ginseng treatment. And the serum level of lactic acid also decreased by ginseng treatment in alcohol-intoxicated rat. Ginseng butanol fraction markedly decreased the xanthine oxidase activity in the ethanol-treated rat liver. It was also observed that ginseng reduced the blood concentration of uric acid on experimentally reduced hyperuricemia by alcohol treatment. Uricase activity was not affected by either treatment. Ginseng butanol fraction decreased the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity which was induced by alcohol-treated rat. These results suggest that the treatment with ginseng can be promoted the recovery from alcohol intoxication and some therapeutic effect on alcoholinduced metabolic disease.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 2005

The study was conducted to determine whether oak wood vinegar extract influences blood alcohol concentration and hangover syndrome in healthy volunteers. 2% wood vinegar extract was effective to inhibit increase of blood alcohol concentration after alcohol intake and showed significantly different (P<0.1) compared to placebo. By result of questionnaire of volunteers, wood vinegar extract showed effects improving hangover syndrome. In comparative study about blood alcohol concentration and hangover syndrome of wood vinegar extract and other extract that hangover improvement effect was reported, average maximum blood alcohol concentration was lowered in those taking wood vinegar extract than those taking other extract. At drinking completion 210minutes (T210), blood alcohol concentration of those taking wood vinegar extract was the lowest by 0.063% compared with other extract but was not significantly different between in those taking wood vinegar extract and in those taking other extract. However, wood vinegar extract's experimental group was the highest by 0.462 in decrement rate of blood alcohol concentration and, when did P<0.1 by significance level, indicated difference that mean statistically compared to placebo group uniquely. At those taking wood vinegar extract, the improvement rate and the aggravation rate of hangover syndrome was each 87%, 2%. Thus it was concluded that wood vinegar extract showed excellent alcohol oxidation and was effective in hangover improvement.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.34-40
• /
• 2004

Hovenia dulcis which is distributed in Korea, China and Japan is known to show hepatoprotctive effect and reduce the acute alcohol toxicity. In this study, the hepatoprotective effect against the chemically induced experimental liver injury models and lowering effect of blood alcohol level in animal models acutely administered alcohol by the peduncle extracts of Hovenia dulcis var. koreana were investigated. HdfHW-1, and HdfM-1 which are the extracts of fruit peduncles and young branches with hot water or 70％ methanol and followed with 100％ methanol, were significantly reduced the $CCl_4$ or D-galactosamine/LPS induced damage in sliced liver. The hot water or methanol extracts of fruit peduncle protected dose-dependently against $CCl_4$ induced toxicity in primary hepatocyte culture and particularly, the amount of LDH release was reduced to the control level at 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of hot water extracts. HdfHW-1 also decreased the hepatotoxicity induced by $CCl_4$ in rats. The active components of HdfHW-1 seemed to be high molecular weights because 0.2 M NaCl HdfHW-1 fraction was the most effective among NaCl fractions of HdfHW-1 eluted with various concentrations of NaCl on DEAE 650C column chromatography. HdfM and HdfHW were significantly reduced the levels of blood alcohol in rats and mice administered 40％ alcohol. These results indicated that the hot water or methanol extracts of fruit peduncle of Hovenia dulcis var. koreana have hepatoprotective effect and may be reduce alcohol toxicity.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.228-233
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of dissolved oxygen in alcohol to blood pressure of healthy persons. Methods: Subjects (n=30) were randomized in a double blind crossover study to receive 120 mL, 240 mL, 360 mL of alcohol (Korean spirit, 19.59 v/v%, dissolved oxygen is 8 ppm and 20 ppm). Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and blood pressure were measured applying Lion SD-400 Alcolmeter$^{(R)}$ Breathalyser and Tensoval duo control. Pharmacokinetic parameters ($C_{max}$, $T_{max}$, $AUC_{last}$, $K_{el}$, $V_d$, Clearance) were calculated using Winnonlin$^{(R)}$ program. The difference of parameters and values were analysed by student t-test using Microsoft$^{(R)}$ Excel program. Results: The $AUC_{last}$ values of 8 ppm group and 20 ppm group in 240 ml administration were $6.15{\pm}2.60cg{\cdot}min/ml$, $5.33{\pm}1.84cg{\cdot}min/ml$ (p<0.05) and those in 360 mL were $11.93{\pm}5.70cg{\cdot}min/ml$, $10.33{\pm}4.60cg{\cdot}min/ml$ (p < 0.01), respectively. Thus, the $AUC_{last}$ was significantly decreased. On the other hands, there was a significant change in systolic blood pressure (SBP) after alcohol administration. All measured value after 360 mL of alcohol administration was significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The dissolved oxygen in alcoholic beverage has no effect on blood pressures but the alcohol administration has an effect on blood pressure. Thus, SBP can be used as a biomarker of alcohol administration and utilized in PK/PD modeling of alcohol.