• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.213-220
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• 2017

This paper proposes how to fabricate an educational Mach-Zehnder interferometer that is easy to align and inexpensive, using 3D printers and semiconductor lasers. The interferometer consists of a body $165mm{\times}120mm{\times}57mm$ in size, mirror mounts, a laser holder, beam splitters, and so on. The laser path is adjusted by 4 mirror mounts, each comprised of rubber bands, small metal wires, and a screw. The interference fringe is enlarged by the lens at the final stage. The refractive index of a slide glass was measured by counting the number of moving interference fringes while the slide glass, inserted into one of the two interferometer arms, is rotating. The formula for the refractive index as a function of the optical-path difference and rotation angle was obtained, and used to calculate the refractive index of glass from the interferometer experiment. The use of a rotating glass in one arm of the interferometer nullifies the need for a precision stage, which despite its high cost is often required to observe the moving interference fringe in the classroom. Therefore, the 3D-printed Mach-Zehnder interferometer proposed in this paper can be very useful for education, because of its affordability and performance. It enables students to perform both qualitative and quantitative studies using a 3D-printed interferometer, such as measuring the refractive index of a glass sample, and the wavelength of light.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.219-227
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• 2021

This study examines the status of non-face-to-face online continuing education for radiological technologist working at medical institutions in a region, their satisfaction, and completion status, and provides basic data on the design and operation of continuing education predicted after the post-coronavirus. It was implemented to do. From January 5, 2021 to January 31, 2021, 255 radiological technologist license holders who completed online continuing education in 2020 were targeted. Satisfaction with online continuing education was higher as the age, male radiological technologist, and job title increased after obtaining a license. As for the status of completion of continuing education, the higher the age, the higher the percentage of regular members belonging to the branch, the more moderate the cost of continuing education of medical institutions was guaranteed, and the more the completion of the continuing education license and the recognition of legal restrictions. Based on the results of this study, in order to increase the satisfaction and completion of continuing education, it is necessary to develop various educational programs and contents according to age in preparation for the rapidly changing medical environment, and it is necessary to identify and provide members' needs.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.113-139
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the operating case of admission officer system of colleges and universities in USA, and to deduce its implications to Korean colleges and universities. In order to accomplish the purpose of this study, following methodologies were adopted: review on the related literatures, statistical data, and previous studies concerning admission officers of colleges and universities in USA, and in-depth interview with them. Historical and cultural background of university admission system of USA was analyzed. Case study on USA colleges and universities was divided with four parts such as determining factors of admission and admission methods, organization for admission affairs and its number of persons, work of admission officer and admission process, and cost of admission and salary. Implications to Korean colleges and universities were presented with three points such as overall implication, implication on materials for admission process, and implication on managing system of admission. Based on the analysis, discussion and implications, the conclusion and further suggestion of this study are as follows: First, actual authority of admission should be grant to admission officer. Second, not only non-curricular factors but also scholastic factors should be emphasized in role of admission officer. Third, education and training about work of admission officer and unification of criteria for admission should be held. Fourth, admission officers with various occupation background are needed. Fifth, work of admission officers should be extended to various work concerning university entrance. Sixth, cross-checking on marks of over two admission officers is needed. Seventh, in order to stabilize admission process, status of admission officer should be stabilized. Eighth, part-time admission officers are need to employ in season of admission. Ninth, authority of weighting high schools should be grant to admission officers in long term perspective.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 2020

In this study, a practical model for health information management education using the EMR education system at universities for nurturing health care information managers was studied. Currently, there is no practical training course for health care information management in the standards for evaluation and certification of health care information management education introduced to strengthen the job competency of health care information managers. Accordingly, the program was constructed so that the practice program suggested as an educational environment in the Health and Medical Information Management Education Evaluation and Certification Manual can be practiced in the EMR education system. In addition, a practical model that can be performed according to the on-site practice guidelines for health and medical information management for each program was studied. Using the health care information management education EMR system, master data management, patient registration, doctor prescription, medical cost calculation, health insurance claim management, form management, discharge registration, cancer registration, unrecorded management, health care data management, health care statistics, A practice model was studied so that practice on information protection/security management can be performed. It will be possible to play a role as a health care information management expert by raising the quality level of health care information management education through systematic and standardized health care information management practice courses at universities. Accordingly, it is necessary to cultivate health care information management experts who develop and manage medical services based on medical data analysis through practical training of health care information managers.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.163-169
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• 2022

Background: It is estimated that about 13 million artisanal and small-scale miners carry out their activities under harsh, precarious, unfriendly, and risky conditions. Yet, our understanding of the extent to which these workers use personal protective equipment (PPE) and navigate through the various risks and hazards they face is still limited. This article has two main objectives. First, it explores the extent of usage of PPE among artisanal and small-scale miners for the prevention of hazards and risks. Second, it examines the coping strategies used by these miners as a response to experiences of occupational injuries and risks Methods: A cross-sectional survey of small-scale miners was conducted in six communities across three districts in Ghana, West Africa. The mixed methods approach was adopted. A total of 148 small-scale miners participated in the study. Six focus group discussions (FGDs) were held across the six communities. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Chi-square tests were used to analyse the relationship between some socio-demographic characteristics (sex, age, and educational background) and the usage of PPE. Open-ended questions and responses from FGDs were analysed based on the content and verbatim quotations from miners. Results: Findings suggest that 78% of the miners interviewed do not use the appropriate PPE citing reasons such as cost, and their personal discomfort associated with use of PPE. There was no significant relationship between socio-demographic characteristics (i.e., sex, age, education and major mining activity) and the usage of PPE. The study further revealed four main coping strategies used by miners to handle the risks. These are rest, taking unprescribed medication and hard drugs, registration with health insurance scheme and savings and investments. Conclusion: This study shows that very few artisanal miners use PPE despite the significant hazards and risks to which they are exposed. The study recommends to the government to put in place measures to ensure that miners adhere to health and safety regulations before undertaking mining activities. This means that health and safety plans and use of PPE should be linked to the license acquisition process for miners.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.703-709
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• 2023

It is most desirable to train with a real crane in an environment similar to that of a port for crane operation training in charge of loading and unloading in a port, but it has time and space limitations and cost problems. In order to overcome these limitations, VR(Virtual Reality) based crane training programs and related devices are receiving a lot of attention. In this paper, we designed and implemented a VR-based harbor crane simulator operating on an HMD. The simulator developed in this paper consists of a crane simulator program that operates on the HMD, an IoT driving terminal that processes trainees' crane operation input, and a training server that stores trainees' training information. The simulator program provides VR-based crane training scenarios implemented with Unity3D, and the IoT driving terminal developed based on Arduino is composed of two controllers and transmits the user's driving operation to the HMD. In particular, the crane simulator in this paper uses a training server to create a database of environment setting values for each educator, progress and training time, and information on driving warning situations. Through the use of such a server, trainees can use the simulator in a more convenient environment and can expect improved educational effects by providing training information.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.167-178
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• 2007

Purpose : The necessity of professional non-MD genetic counselor has been recently emphasized in a medical field. By conducting a national survey on the demands for generic counseling and professional non-MD generic counselor, we can make a long-term master plan to execute the educational program for professional genetic counselors and indeed promote genetic counseling in Korean health care service in a systemic manner. Methods : The survey has been conducted from September 3rd to October 4th of 2007 in a way of e-mail, telephone interview, fax, and direct contacts. It's targets were senior researchers and professors in medical and non-medical institutions, policy makers, research institutions or foundations. The survey questions consist of 16 questionnaires. Results : As a result of survey, 102 of 650 people responded. 80% of respondents indicated that genetic counseling is needed as a health care service and 34% among them considered it as "the most needed". In addition, 77% of the respondents showed that, it is necessary to have a professional non-MD genetic counselor with a master degree or higher in the field of medical genetics and among them 29% thought it as "the most necessary". A 77% of respondents considered that the cost of genetic counseling should be covered by health insurance and among them, 29% answered "strongly agreed". A 56% of respondents chose the answer of "They have a plan to hire the professional non-MD genetic counselor" in their institution, and among them 71% selected "within 5 years" in terms of when to hire. Also, they tend to expect the role of the professional non-MD genetic counselor to be not only "genetic counselor" (60%), but also "researcher" (42%), "educator" (18%) and "clinical laboratory coordinator" (19%). Conclusion : The 102 of 650 people responded to the survey. Based upon the nationwide survey over the needs on genetic counseling in health care service and demands on the professional non-MD genetic counselor, systematic educational program for the genetic counseling, with reimbursement coverage for counseling service by health insurance should be emphasized in development of a master plan.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.131-143
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• 2001

The primary aim of this dissertation is to contribute to the improvement of methods in physical examination by providing quality information for the current school system and advice for improving status. Present status, controversial points and possible remedies in physical examination were analyzed on a frequency and percentage basis. An $x^2$-test was used to verify the statistics between the results from the examination and each variable. In case of multiple categories of variables, an $x^2$ cs was adopted. Chronological data as well as both total and sampling physical examination data verified the statistics using an $x^2$-test. This thesis is based both on the data from middle school health care specialists in Gyunggi Province and on the analysis of physical examinations reported from local schools to the municipal education agency from 1997 to 1999. The results of the study are as follows: First, according to the survey, only 29.0% of the total schools had their school doctors examine all the students while most of the educational institutions failed to implement the whole process of physical examination on the list. It also turned out that the more students the schools have, the lower the rate of implementation of physical examination by school doctors(p=0.014). Second, the average time a school doctor spends for checkup turned out to be approximately 1.7 minutes per student This means that the quality of the physical examination is not guaranteed in the process. Third, 47.7% of those surveryed say that a dental examination was performed, each taking 21.24 seconds on average. In addition, it shows that some 31.5% wanted to have a task force team for dental checkups at the local health center. Given the fact that dental caries among students is progressively on the rise, the dental health centers that are now set up in some elementary schools should be expanded to cover the whole educational institution in order to raise awareness of the importance of dental care. Fourth, 48.5% of those surveyed say that a comprehensive physical examination should be adopted to promote the health of high schoolers. Since it takes a lot of public funds to implement a comprehensive method, it is essential to make sure that in-depth studies should be based on the frequency and methods of physical examination. Fifth, regarding such diseases among 3rd year middle school students in 1999, statistics shows that there was a slight difference in the prevalence rate of color blindness, and allergic diseases for male students ; and color blindness, hearing disturbance and allergic disease for female students. For those items, however, it is too little to say that there is a significant difference and accordingly it is assumed to be a problem of the measuring process. Sixth, the result of analysis on the sample physical examination and the total physical examination of the year 1999 shows as follows: For male students in the 3rd year of middle school, a slight difference appeared to those students in 11 items including eye problems and eye disease, otitis media, tonsillar hypertrophy, spinal shape, respiratory urinary allergic disease and other abnormal diseases(p<0.05). Particularly, the prevalence rate between students with and without disease was shown to be two times more in the following: eye problems, otitis media, tonsill hypertrophy, allergic diseases, etc. For female students in the 3rd year, prevalence rate showed little difference in 14 items(p<0.05). For items including eye problem, otitis media, tonsill hypertrophy, allergic disease, etc. it was shown that the rate was two times more between students with and without diseases. Physical examinations under the current school system are not producing any fundamental results for the health of the students. Methods and results are not trustworthy. Accordingly, a drastic overhaul of the current practices is needed in frequency, methods and items on the list in order to promote the health of the students. Cost-benefit studies as well as political considerations to ensure the development of efficient methods for physical examination are urgently needed at this moment.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 2011

Modern enterprises should concentrate their efforts on continuous improvements in focusing their development in the core areas of business and to reduce their expenses and to enhance the quality of service for customers. The enterprises should focus on their core business while outsourcing the non-core areas of business to external specialists for the purpose of reducing cost. In South Korea, the enterprises are becoming increasingly interested in outsourcing their logistics function, especially in using IT technologies to the 3PL. The underlying reason for this trend is because the logistics costs of Korean businesses are much higher than that of other advanced countries. This higher logistic costs weakens the price competitiveness of Korean companies in the overseas export markets and even dampening the balance of international trade. Domestically, the higher logistics costs have the effect of raising prices in the local markets and thus affecting the local economy. Therefore a solution is urgently needed to save the logistics costs for the Korean companies in the interest of increasing national competitiveness. Outsourcing to the 3PL is becoming an attraction solution to this problem. Thanks to the increasing supply of professional logistics companies, many of the enterprises are switching to the Third Party Logistics. Nevertheless the enterprises do not yet utilize the integrated third-party logistics services on a full scale. This study analyzes present conditions and problems of the domestic third-party logistics market and suggests directions for future development. To solve the problems in the domestic third-party logistics market, four actions are recommended. First there should be new supporting policies in the laws and regulations and a system for small and medium sized companies to grow. Solutions to structural problems such as abnormal multilevel merchandising, illegal operation of private cars, and freight dumping should be implemented concurrently. Furthermore, standards for new companies entry into the market should be enhanced to allow only the competitive distribution companies to enter the market. Second, development of variety of educational programs is needed through establishing human-resource development system and specialized formal educational institution focused on this market. Third, the third party distribution companies, which seek long-term relationships with the owners of goods, should endeavor to strengthen their communications capability. Fourth, adoption of high-tech distribution system and the advent of U-Logistics, making use of RFID is urgent. This study has the limitation of objectivity because it does not include various comparative case studies about companies relating to the Third Party Logistics and domestic franchise companies. However, this study is significant to the extent that it analyzes the general present conditions and the problems of domestic Third Party Logistics and suggests recommendations for revitalization of Third Party Logistics. For future studies, analyzing the successful cases of international third party logistics companies' empirical data and studying the application into domestic franchise companies would improve the objectivity of the results. This would assist the domestic third party logistics companies not only to perform excellent domestic logistics function but also to enter into the global market for international logistics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.207-215
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• 1999

The objectives of this study are to explain the use of media materials in school health education with other related factors in elementary, middle, and high schools in Korea. The data were collected by questionnaires from June to September in 1998. The number of subjects were 294 school nurses. The PC-SAS program was used for statistical analysis such as percent distribution, chi-squared test, spearman correlation test, and logistic regression. The use of media materials in health education has become extremely common. Unfortunately, much of the early materials were of poor production quality, reflected low levels of interest, and generally did little to enhance health education programming. A recent trend in media materials is a move away from the fact filled production to a more affective, process-oriented approach. There is an obvious need for health educators to use high-quality, polished productions in order to counteract the same levels of quality used by commercial agencies that often promote "unhealthy" lifestyles. Health educators need to be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of the various forms of media. Selecting media materials should be based on more than cost, availability, and personal preference. Selection should be based on the goal of achieving behavioral objectives formulated before the review process begins. The decision to use no media materials rather than something of dubious quality usually be the right decision. Poor-quality, outdated, or boring materials will usually have a detrimental effect on the presentation. Media materials should be viewed as vehicles to enhance learning, not products that will stand in isolation. Process of materials is an essential part of the educational process. The major results were as follows : 1. The elementary schools used the materials more frequently. But the production rate of media materials was not enough. The budget was too small for a wide use of media materials in school health education. These findings suggest that all schools have to increase the budget of health education programs. 2. Computers offer an incredibly diverse set of possibilities for use in health education, ranging from complicated statistical analysis to elementary-school-level health education games. But the use rate of this material was not high. The development of related software is essential. Health educators would be well advised to develop a basic operating knowledge of media equipment. 3. In this study, the most effective materials were films in elementary school and videotapes in middle and high school. Film tends to be a more emotive medium than videotape. The difficulties of media selection involved the small amount of extant educational materials. Media selection is a multifaceted process and should be based on a combination of sound principles. 4. The review of material use following student levels showed that the more the contents were various, the more the use rate was high. 5. Health education videotapes and overhead projectors proved the most plentiful and widest media tools. The information depicted was more likely to be current. As a means to display both text and graphic information, this instructional medium has proven to be both effective and enduring. 6. An analysis of how effective the quality of school nurse and school use of media materials shows a result that is not complete (p=0.1113). But, the budget of health education is a significant variable. The increase of the budget therefore is essential to effective use of media materials. From these results it is recommended that various media materials be developed and be wide used.