• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.627-636
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• 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the global population has experienced drastic changes, one of which is the increase in remote work. Given the ongoing possibility of exposure to infectious diseases and various other circumstances, the expansion of remote work is anticipated. To enhance the efficiency of remote work and address its existing limitations, this study surveyed the perceptions of indoor environments among individuals who worked from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study examined how the characteristics of individuals influenced their perceptions of indoor environments. It was found that the number of occupants and rooms, size of the house, and noise sensitivity affected the perceptions of outdoor noise, neighbor noise, and indoor noise caused by cohabitants. The findings can be used as foundational data for designing multipurpose housing that can be utilized not only for residential purposes but also for work and educational settings in the future.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.87-98
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• 2023

Purpose : This descriptive survey investigated the effects of clinical nurses' critical reflection competency, professional pride, and person-centered care practices on patient safety management activities. Methods : The participants were 183 clinical nurses working at a tertiary hospital in South Korea. The questionnaires consisted of the Critical Reflection Competency Scale for Clinical Nurses Professional Pride the Person-Centered Nursing Assessment Tool and Patient Safety Management Activities. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Tukey's HSD, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSS 29.0. Results : The mean score for patient safety management activities was 4.65±0.34 out of 5. There were significant differences in patient safety management activities according to age (F=3.90, p =.010), education level (t=-2.56, p =.013), total work experience (F=3.87, p =.010), and the number of healthcare accreditation system experiences (F=5.22, p =.006). Patient safety management activities were positively correlated with critical reflection competency (r=.337, p <.001), professional pride (r=.271, p <.001), and person-centered care practices (r=.399, p <.001). The results indicated that person-centered care practices affected patient safety management activities (𝛽=.358, p <.001) with the explanatory power of 22.5%. Conclusion : To improve clinical nurses' patient safety management activities, it is necessary to develop participatory educational programs that can integrate skills and attitudes based on conceptual knowledge of person-centered care. Intervention studies are needed to test the effect of person-centered care on patient safety when applied in clinical practice.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.273-284
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• 2023

According to the World Health Organization, for medical schools to fulfill their obligation of social accountability, it is necessary for medical education, research, and service areas to ref lect the healthcare system's relevance, quality, cost-effectiveness, and equity. This study utilized Boelen and Heck's (1995) social accountability grid model to analyze the degree to which the Accreditation Standards of Korean Institute of Medical Education and Evaluation 2019 (ASK2019) standards apply the World Federation for Medical Education's (WFME) standards. The social accountability characteristics of the former were compared to those of the WFME, the Liaison Committee on Medical Education, and the Australian Medical Council. Experts with experience and certification in medical education and evaluation classified the ASK2019 standards according to the grid model, evaluated social accountability perspectives, and categorized them according to the process, content, and outcome. Of the 92 standards, 61 (66.30%) were selected as social accountability standards; these encompassed all areas. There was a particular focus on outcome-related areas, such as "mission and outcomes," "student assessment," "educational evaluation," and "continuous improvement." Education and quality were the most common (33, 54.11%), followed by 18 standards related to education and relevance. However, the standards on cost effectiveness and equity corresponding to education, research, and service were significantly insufficient. As a result of classification using a logic model, many criteria were incorporated into the process, producing results similar to those of international accreditation institutions. Therefore, to fulfill medical schools' social accountability, it is necessary to develop cost effectiveness and equity standards with reference to grid models and expand them beyond education to include research and service areas. Developing content and outcome standards is also required.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2024

Objectives: Before implementing a competency-based clinical dental hygiene curriculum, it is essential to establish competency development as a foundational educational objective. Therefore, this study aimed to develop the competency of clinical dental hygiene with secured validity using the Delphi survey method. Methods: Dental hygiene competencies were categorized within the dental hygiene process stages, and questions were formulated accordingly. A Delphi survey involving ten qualified experts was conducted to refine the final items based on their review opinions. Results: The expert Delphi survey confirmed that all items met stability criteria, with CVI values of 0.80 or higher, CVR values of 0.60 or higher, and a CV coefficient of variation of 0.5 or less. In total, 42 items were derived. Conclusions: Clinical dental hygiene can contribute to developing specialized dental hygienists if the competencies derived from this study are well applied to the standardized curriculum and operations.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.170-181
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aims to assess the importance and performance of patient safety activities for inpatients in small- and medium-sized hospitals. The objective is to identify the need for patient safety education by analyzing differences in importance and performance ratings. Methods: The study involved 300 patients hospitalized in three small- and medium-sized hospitals. Data collection took place in October 2023, focusing on investigating the importance and performance of patient safety activities. Descriptive statistics and an Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) were conducted using the IBM SPSS statistics 25.0 program. Results: The average importance of patient safety activities was 3.51±0.41, and the average performance was 3.37±0.43, indicating that the importance of patient safety activities was higher than their performance. According to the IPA, the components of patient safety activities that fell into the second quadrant of high importance but low performance included three medication-related items and one test/procedure/surgery-related item. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that inpatients in small- and medium-sized hospitals had a higher importance on patient safety activities than performance and needed ways to increase their performance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a customized educational program that can increase the practical performance of inpatients' patient safety activities based on the contents that were determined to need improvement.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.113-126
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• 2024

Purpose: Education for children in South Korea is similar to that for adults, necessitating additional enhancements. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effectiveness of fairy-tale books in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) education among kindergarten children. Methods: The study involved 64 kindergarten children enrolled in an affiliated kindergarten program were included. The participants were divided into an experimental group of 32 who received CPR education using picture books, and a control group of 32 who received education through traditional methods. Participant characteristics such as sex, age, height, weight, cardiac arrest awareness, and ability to request assistance were measured, and the collected data were statistically analyzed. Results: Following education, the experimental group showed significantly higher scores than the control group across all measures, including cardiac arrest recognition (2.25 vs. 0.34, p<.001) and consciousness assessment (1.81 vs. 0.09, p<.001). Additionally, in requesting assistance, the experimental group exhibited statistical superiority in phone usage (1.75 vs. 0.28, p<.001), situational explanation post-call (2.25 vs. 0.34, p<.001), and self-location explanation (0.84 vs. 0.00, p=.001). Conclusion: The use of fairy-tale books in CPR education enhanced cardiac arrest recognition and the ability to request assistance (EMS Activation) more effectively than the traditional educational methods among kindergarten children.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.331-342
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• 2024

The Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging-Practical Tutorial (ASCI-PT) is an instructional initiative of the ASCI School designed to enhance educational standards. In 2021, the ASCI-PT was convened with the goal of formulating a consensus statement on the assessment of coronary stenosis and coronary plaque using coronary CT angiography (CCTA). Nineteen experts from four countries conducted thorough reviews of current guidelines and deliberated on eight key issues to refine the process and improve the clarity of reporting CCTA findings. The experts engaged in both online and on-site sessions to establish a unified agreement. This document presents a summary of the ASCI-PT 2021 deliberations and offers a comprehensive consensus statement on the evaluation of coronary stenosis and coronary plaque in CCTA.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2024

Introduction: The importance of clinical skills training in traditional Korean medicine education is increasingly emphasized. Since the clinical skills tests are high-stakes tests that determine success in national licensing exams, it is essential to develop reliable multifaceted analysis methods for clinical skills tests in actual education settings. In this study, we applied the multifaceted validity evaluation methods to the evaluation results of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation module to confirm the applicability and effectiveness of the methods. Methods: In this study, we used internal consistency, factor analysis, generalizability theory G-study and D-study, ANOVA, Kendall's tau, descriptive statistics, and other statistical methods to analyze the multidimensional validity of a cardiopulmonary resuscitation test in clinical education settings over the past three years. Results: The factor analysis and internal consistency analysis showed that the evaluation rubric had an unstable structure and low concordance. The G-study showed that the error of the clinical skills assessment was large due to the evaluator and unexpected errors. The D-study showed that the variance error of the evaluator should be significantly reduced to validate the evaluation. The ANOVA and Kendall's tau confirmed that evaluator heterogeneity was a problem. Discussion and Conclusion: Clinical skills tests should be continuously evaluated and managed for validity in two steps of pre-production and actual implementation. This study has presented specific methods for analyzing the validity of clinical skills training and testing in actual education settings. This study would contribute to the foundation for competency-based evidence-based education in practical clinical training.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.358-367
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• 2023

Background: This study aimed to develop and assess the psychometric features of the Physical Activity at Workplace Questionnaire (PAWPQ) based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) to evaluate employees' physical activity (PA) behaviors at the workplace. Methods: This psychometric cross-sectional study was conducted on 455 employees working in one of the gas refineries in Iran. The participants were selected using the proportional stratified sampling method in 2019. The data collection tools were a demographic information questionnaire, the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and a questionnaire developed based on the SCT, whose psychometric features were confirmed in terms of validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS₂₂ and AMOS₂₀ software. Results: The first version of PAWPQ-SCT had 74 items. After evaluating content and face validity, nine items were removed. The results of the content validity index (0.98), content validity ratio (0.86), and impact score (3.62) were acceptable for the whole instrument. In exploratory factor analysis, after removing seven items-58-item final version of the scale-six factors could explain 73.54% of the total variance. The results of structural equation modeling showed the acceptable fit of the model into the data (RMSEA = 0.052, CFI = 0.917, NFI = 0.878, TLI = 0.905, IFI = 0.917, CMIN/DF = 2.818). Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Intraclass Correlation were 0.90 and 0.86, respectively. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the psychometric features of the 58-item final version of PAWPQSCT constructs were acceptable in a sample of Iranian employees. This questionnaire can be used as a valid and reliable tool to evaluate Iranian employees' PA behaviors and develop effective educational interventions for workers and managers.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.237-247
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• 2024

Purpose : This study aimed to systematically review the effectiveness of nursing interventions for patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). As the use of ECMO increases in critical care settings, it is important to understand how nursing interventions affect patient outcomes, survival, and complication rates. Methods : This systematic review followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines. A literature search was performed using terms related to ECMO and nursing interventions in several international electronic databases including CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. Studies were screened and selected according to predefined eligibility criteria, focusing on those that evaluated the impact of nursing interventions on adult. Data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment were independently performed by two researchers. Results : A total of 647 studies were identified, and seven met the inclusion criteria for qualitative analysis. The included studies demonstrated that high-quality nursing care significantly improves clinical outcomes and reduces complications in patients receiving ECMO. Effective nursing interventions included prone positioning combined with ECMO for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, meticulous infection control, comprehensive and continuous nursing protocols, skilled nursing, and multidisciplinary management. These interventions have been shown to improve oxygenation, reduce complications, such as bleeding, manage blood pressure, and enhance overall clinical outcomes. Conclusion : High-quality nursing interventions are critical to improve survival and reduce complications in patients receiving ECMO. Implementing a multidisciplinary approach and comprehensive nursing protocols, including infection control and psychological support, is essential for the effective management of these patients. The findings of this study provide a foundation for the development of practical guidelines and educational programs to improve the quality of care for patients undergoing ECMO, ultimately enhancing the effectiveness of ECMO treatment and patient outcomes.