• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.25-31
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• 2022

By an aid of needle coating, we have fabricated a spherical microlens array using poly(methyl methacrylate) for potential applications in light extraction of organic light-emitting diodes. With an attempt to achieve high-density and high-aspect-ratio microlens arrays, we have investigated the coating behaviors by varying the material parameters such as the solute concentration and wettability of the poly(methyl methacrylate) solution and process parameters such as the dwell time of needle near the substrate, retract distance of needle from the substrate, and coating gap between the needle and substrate. Under the optimized coating conditions, it is demonstrated that high-aspect-ratio microlens arrays can be obtained using a coating solution with high solute concentration and a small amount of a hydrophobic solvent. It is found that the diameter and height of microlens array are decreased with increasing poly(methyl methacrylate) concentration, yet the overall aspect ratio is rather enhanced. By the addition of 5 wt% hexylamine in 35 wt% poly(methyl methacrylate) solution, we have achieved a spherical microlens with the height of 7.7 ㎛ and the width of 94.24 ㎛ (the aspect ratio of 0.082). To estimate the capability of light extraction by the microlens array, we have performed ray tracing simulations and demonstrated that the light extraction efficiency of organic light-emitting diode is expected to be enhanced up to 24%.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2022

We use the concept of the "doctor's role" as a guideline for developing medical education programs for medical students, residents, and doctors. Therefore, we should regularly reflect on the times and social needs to develop a clear sense of that role. The objective of the present study was to understand the knowledge structure related to doctor's job competencies in Korea. We analyzed research trends related to doctor's job competencies in Korea Citation Index journals using text network analysis through an integrative approach focusing on identifying social issues. We finally selected 1,354 research papers related to doctor's job competencies from 2011 to 2020, and we analyzed 2,627 words through data pre-processing with the NetMiner ver. 4.2 program (Cyram Inc., Seongnam, Korea). We conducted keyword centrality analysis, topic modeling, frequency analysis, and linear regression analysis using NetMiner ver. 4.2 (Cyram Inc.) and IBM SPSS ver. 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). As a result of the study, words such as "family," "revision," and "rejection" appeared frequently. In topic modeling, we extracted five potential topics: "topic 1: Life and death in medical situations," "topic 2: Medical practice under the Medical Act," "topic 3: Medical malpractice and litigation," "topic 4: Medical professionalism," and "topic 5: Competency development education for medical students." Although there were no statistically significant changes in the research trends for each topic over time, it is nonetheless known that social changes could affect the demand for doctor's job competencies.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.215-223
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• 2019

The wave of the information age gradually accelerates, and fusion analysis solutions that can utilize these knowledge data according to accumulation of various forms of big data such as large capacity texts, sounds, movies and the like are increasing, Reduction in the cost of storing data accordingly, development of social network service (SNS), etc. resulted in quantitative qualitative expansion of data. Such a situation makes possible utilization of data which was not trying to be existing, and the potential value and influence of the data are increasing. Research is being actively made to present future-oriented education systems by applying these fusion analysis systems to the improvement of the educational system. In this research, we conducted a big data analysis on Twitter, analyzed the natural language of the data and frequency analysis of the word, quantitative measure of how domestic windows education problems and outcomes were done in it as a solution.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.08a
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• pp.419-424
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to understand the educational context including the actual learning process and learner perception using the embodied metaphor in AI education. To this end, a class was designed to utilize the embodied metaphor-based unplugged activity through a qualitative approach. Matrix analysis technique was used to analyze the data collected throughout the course of the class to analyze the experiences and perceptions according to the characteristics of the learner, and the learning context. The results of the study were: First, there was a difference according to the learner's prior experience in the effect on the representative knowledge and the subsequent practice process. Next, the embodied metaphor-based unplugged activity showed soft landing effects on practice and text coding. Finally, the organic integration of unplugged and plugged-in classes helped learners understand the potential of computational thinking.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.381-394
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to develop an intentional rounding protocol to enhance the clinical competence of nursing students. Methods: An intentional rounding protocol for nursing students' clinical practice was developed following the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model. A convenient sampling method was used to select 23 junior year university nursing students during their clinical practice in adult nursing. The program evaluation included a quantitative assessment (communication and relationship efficacy, empathy, and patient safety competency) and focus group interviews. Results: The intentional rounding protocol focused on the 4Ps (pain, position, potty, and possessions) and encompassed aspects such as level of consciousness, pain management, personal care needs, intravenous injection, oxygen administration, nasogastric/nasoenteric tube care, maintenance of urine collection bags, and the identification of environmental fall risks. Nursing students performed intentional rounding at least twice a day. Following the implementation of this protocol, nursing students demonstrated a significant improvement in communication and interpersonal efficacy. The focus group interviews revealed four main themes: growth of human relationships, acquiring knowledge in and about the clinical field, becoming a nurse, and barriers in reality. Conclusion: The intentional rounding protocol has the potential to enhance nursing students' communication and interpersonal skills during clinical practice and to provide them with positive experiences in nursing clinical education. Therefore, it is recommended that this protocol be incorporated into nursing clinical practice education.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.290-299
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• 2023

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) has had a profound impact on humanity; in particular, chatbots have been designed for interactivity and applied to many aspects of daily life. Chatbots are also regarded as an innovative modality in nursing education. This study aimed to identify nursing students' awareness of using chatbots and factors influencing their usage intention. Methods: This study, which employed a descriptive design using a self-reported questionnaire, was conducted at three university nursing schools located in Seoul, South Korea. The participants were 289 junior and senior nursing students. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires, both online via a Naver Form and offline. Results: The total mean score of awareness of using chatbots was 3.49±0.61 points out of 5. The mean scores of the four dimensions of awareness of using chatbots were 3.37±0.60 for perceived value, 3.66±0.73 for perceived usefulness, 3.83±0.73 for perceived ease of use, and 3.36±0.87 for intention to use. Significant differences were observed in awareness of using chatbots according to satisfaction with nursing (p<.001), effectiveness of using various methods for nursing education (p<.001), and interest in chatbots (p<.001). The correlations among the four dimensions ranged from .52 to .80. In a hierarchical regression analysis, perceived value (β=.45) accounted for 60.2% of variance in intention to use. Conclusion: The results suggest that chatbots have the potential to be used in nursing education. Further research is needed to clarify the effectiveness of using chatbots in nursing education.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

Objective : This study aims to assess the potential of utilizing large language models in pattern identification education by developing a simulated patient with fatigue and dual deficiency of the heart-spleen pattern. Methods : A simulated patient dataset was constructed using the clinical practice examination module provided by the National Institute for Korean Medicine Development. The dataset was divided into patient characteristics, sample questions, and responses, and utilized to design the system, assistant, and user prompts, respectively. A web-based interface was developed using the Django framework and WebSocket. Results : We developed a simulated fatigue patient representing dual deficiency of the heart-spleen pattern through prompt engineering. To make practical tools, we further implemented web-based interfaces for the examinee's and evaluator's roles. The interface for examinees allows one to examine the simulated patient and provides access to a personalized number for future access. In addition, the interface for evaluators included a page that provided an overview of each examinees' chat history and evaluation criteria in real-time. Conclusion : This study is the first development of an educational tool integrated with a large language model for pattern identification education, which is expected to be widely applied to Korean medicine education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.229-237
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• 2024

The logistics industry is converging with digital technology and growing into various logistics automation systems. However, inspection and loading/unloading, which are mainly performed in logistics work, depend on human resources, and the workforce is shrinking due to the decline in the productive population due to the low birth rate and aging. Although much research is being conducted on the development of automated logistics systems to solve these problems, there is a lack of research and development on load stacking stability, which has the potential to cause significant accidents. In this study, loading boxes with various sizes and positions of the center of gravity were set up, and a method for stacking that with high stability is presented. The size of the loading box is measured using a depth camera. The loading box's weight and center of gravity are measured and estimated by a developed device with four loadcells. The measurement error is measured through various repeated experiments and is corrected using the least squares method. The robot arm performs load stacking by determining the target position so that the centers of gravity of the loading boxes with unbalanced masses with a random sequence are transported in alignment. All processes were automated, and the results were verified by experimentally confirming load stacking stability.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.501-509
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• 2024

Prunus mume is a culturally significant fruit tree in East Asia that is widely used in traditional foods and medicines. The present study investigated the effects of sunlight exposure and leaf position on the photosynthetic efficiency of P. mume using SPAD values. The study was conducted at Cheongju National University of Education, Korea, under contrasting conditions between sunny (Site A) and shaded (Site B) areas on P. mume trees. Over three days, under varied weather, photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and SPAD measurements were collected using a SPAD-502 plus chlorophyll meter and a smartphone PPFD meter application. The SPAD values of the 60 leaves were measured in triplicate for each tree. The results indicated that trees in sunny locations consistently exhibited higher SPAD values than those in shaded areas, implying greater photosynthetic efficiency. Moreover, leaves positioned higher in the canopy showed increased photosynthetic efficiency under different light conditions, underscoring the significance of leaf placement and light environment in photosynthetic optimization. Despite the daily sunlight variability, these factors maintained a consistent influence on SPAD values. This study concludes that optimal leaf positioning, influenced by direct sunlight exposure, significantly enhances photosynthetic efficiency in P. mume. These findings highlight the potential of integrating smart farming techniques, especially open-field smart farming technology, to improve photosynthesis and, consequently, crop yield and efficiency. The findings also highlight the need for further exploration of environmental factors affecting photosynthesis for agricultural advancement.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.189-203
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was performed to identify the current barriers of obesity management for children using Community Child Care Centers and their caregivers (parents and teachers working in the Centers). Further, this study explored the possibility of utilizing a mobile phone application for tailored obesity prevention and management programs to overcome the current difficulties associated with children's obesity management. Methods: The qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with 20 obese and overweight children or children who wanted to participate in this study using Community Child Care Centers, 12 teachers working at the Centers, and a focus group interview with five parents of children using the Centers. Data were analyzed with a thematic approach categorizing themes and sub-themes based on the transcripts. Results: The current barriers of obesity management of obese and overweight children using Community Child Care Centers were lack of self-directed motivation regarding obesity management (chronic obesity-induced lifestyles and reduced self-confidence due to stigma) and lack of support from households and Community Child Care Centers (latchkey child, inconsistency in dietary guidance between the Center and household, repetitive pressure to eat, and absence of regular nutrition education). Mobile phone applications may have potential to overcome the current barriers by providing handy and interesting obesity management based on visual media (real-time tracking of lifestyles using behavior records and social support using gamification), environmental support (supplementation of parental care and network-based education between the Community Child Care Center and household), and individualized intervention (encouragement of tailored and gradual changes in eating habits and tailored goal setting). It is predicted that the real-time mobile phone program will provide information for improving nutritional knowledge and behavioral skills as well as lead to sustainable children's coping strategies regarding obesity management. In addition, it is expected that environmental factors may be improved by network-based education between the Community Child Care Centers and households using the characteristics of mobile phones, which are free from space and time constraints. Conclusions: The tailored education program for children using Community Child Care Centers based on mobile phones may prevent and reduce childhood obesity by overcoming the current barriers of obesity management for children, providing environmental and individualized support to promote healthy lifestyles and quality of life in the future.