• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.39
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• pp.10.1-10.5
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• 2017

Background: Because of changing surgical procedures in the fields of oral and maxillofacial surgery, new methods for surgical education are needed and could include recent advances in digital technology. Many doctors have attempted to use digital technology as educational tools for surgical training, and movies have played an important role in these attempts. We have been using a 3D full high-definition (full-HD) camcorder to record movies of intraoral surgeries. Method: The subjects were medical students and doctors receiving surgical training who did not have actual surgical experience (n = 67). Participants watched an 8-min, 2D movie of orthognathic surgery and subsequently watched the 3D version. After watching the 3D movie, participants were asked to complete a questionnaire. Result: A lot of participants (84%) felt a 3D movie excellent or good and answered that the advantages of a 3D movie were their appearance of solidity or realism. Almost all participants (99%) answered that 3D movies were quite useful or useful for medical practice. Conclusions: Three-dimensional full-HD movies have the potential to improve the quality of medical education and clinical practice in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.132-141
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• 2009

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of using digital science textbook on the scientific problem solving of elementary school students. For this research, an instrument to measure student's problem-solving skills was developed. The pretest and posttest scores of one hundred and six 5th grade students' problem-solving skills were analyzed and also the responses of three students who were selected by their levels in the problem-solving science digital textbook class were qualitatively analyzed. The results of this study were as follows; the scores of problem solving skills of science digital textbook groups were higher than that of traditional paper textbook group(p<.05). In the qualitative analysis of the students' reponses in a digital textbook class according to their achievement level, low-achievers' problem-solving skills were much more improved than high- and mid-achievers' skills. In conclusion, science digital textbook has a potential to improve students' scientific problem solving skills, and this possibility will be much higher when science digital textbook is used with teachers' intended instructional goals and strategies like problem-solving lessons.

• The Journal of Information Technology and Database
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.99-111
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• 2000

The aim of this study is to find the key elements for the successful introduction of a Cyber University (CU) in Korea. Since information technology (IT) has dramatically changed our lives it is inevitable for education to follow suit. The old education system was based on the following principle, of a teacher physically interacting with his or her pupils at a school. However, this is set to become infinitely more flexible with the freedom of choice given to the pupil who are now able to adopt, beyond barriers of time and space what, and how they study. All this will be made possible with the use of IT. The essentials for the CU would be a positive and flexible education paradigm, also able to satisfy students with a totally new system of education that replaces physical interaction with virtual interaction. Another point that needs to be taken into account is the number of potential students, their expectations and needs. And any national or international restrictions need to be addressed. One major hurdle for the acceptance of a CU in Korea is the vast difference between its conservative culture and directness of Western culture. Despite this, it will soon become imperative for Korea that she embraces the rapidly changing attitudes and requirements in order for the survival of the nation and an individual.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.197-204
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• 2020

In order to teach the nature of science which is one of the goals of science education, the aesthetic model of science was developed into a two-dimensional model through theoretical reviews on the aesthetic aspect of science. We represented 10 kinds of scientific experiments that scientists thought are beautiful in the aesthetic space of science. This paper tried to represent the greatest and famous scientific experiments in the history of science into the aesthetic space of science to find the suitability or usefulness of that model. At the same time, we were able to develop measuring tools as the Likert-scale with pictures of scientific experiments. Through this, we propose various teaching approaches on the nature of science (NOS) based on the aesthetic model of science and the potential for utilization in measuring the effects of the ways of teaching NOS.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.220-225
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• 2012

In batch culture for Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-degrading enzyme (PVAase) production by a mixed culture, higher pH (pH 7.5) was favorable for PVAase production at the prophase of cultivation, but lower pH (pH 7.0) was favorable at the anaphase. This situation was caused by the fact that the optimum pH for different key enzymes [PVA dehydrogenase (PVADH) and oxidized PVA hydrolase (OPH)] production is various. The activity and average specific production rate of PVADH reached the highest values at constant pH 7.5, whereas those of OPH appeared at pH 7.0. A two-stage pH control strategy was therefore developed and compared for its potential in improving PVAase production. By using this strategy, the maximal PVAase activity reached 2.05 U/ml, which increased by 15.2% and 24.2% over the fermentation at constant pH 7.5 and 7.0.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2015

The Caenorhabditis elegans peroxidasins, PXN-1 and PXN-2, are extracellular peroxidases; pxn-2 is involved in muscle-epidermal attachment during embryonic morphogenesis and in specific axon guidance. Here we investigate potential roles of the other homologue of peroxidasin, pxn-1, in C. elegans. A pxn-1 deletion mutant showed high lethality under heat-stress conditions. Using a transcriptional GFP reporter, pxn-1 expression was observed in various tissues including neurons, muscles, and hypodermis. A translational fusion showed that PXN-1::GFP was secreted and localized in extracellular matrix, particularly along body wall muscles and pharyngeal muscles. Various neuronal developmental defects were observed in pxn-1 mutants and in pxn-1 over-expressing animals, including handedness, branching, breakage, tangling, and defasciculation. These results suggest that pxn-1, like other peroxidasins, plays an important role throughout development.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.95-106
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• 2011

The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) cation channel, a member of the TRP vanilloid subfamily, is expressed in a broad range of tissues. Nitric oxide (NO) as a gaseous signal mediator shows a variety of important biological effects. In many instances, NO has been shown to exhibit its activities via a protein S-nitrosylation mechanism in order to regulate its protein functions. With functional assays via site-directed mutagenesis, we demonstrate herein that NO induces the S-nitrosylation of TRPV4 $Ca^{2+}$ channel on the $Cys^{853}$ residue, and the S-nitrosylation of $Cys^{853}$ reduced its channel sensitivity to 4-${\alpha}$ phorbol 12,13-didecanoate and the interaction between TRPV4 and calmodulin. A patch clamp experiment and $Ca^{2+}$ image analysis show that the S-nitrosylation of $Cys^{853}$ modulates the TRPV4 channel as an inhibitor. Thus, our data suggest a novel regulatory mechanism of TRPV4 via NO-mediated S-nitrosylation on its $Cys^{853}$ residue.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.3204-3220
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• 2021

We perform the task of video object segmentation by incorporating a conditional random field (CRF) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Most methods employ a CRF to refine a coarse output from fully convolutional networks. Others treat the inference process of the CRF as a recurrent neural network and then combine CNNs and the CRF into an end-to-end model for video object segmentation. In contrast to these methods, we propose a novel higher-order CRF model to solve the problem of video object segmentation. Specifically, we use CNNs to establish a higher-order dependence among pixels, and this dependence can provide critical global information for a segmentation model to enhance the global consistency of segmentation. In general, the optimization of the higher-order energy is extremely difficult. To make the problem tractable, we decompose the higher-order energy into two parts by utilizing auxiliary variables and then solve it by using an iterative process. We conduct quantitative and qualitative analyses on multiple datasets, and the proposed method achieves competitive results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.337-339
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• 2016

In this paper, we researched the excellency of 3D graphic nursery contents for humanity and creativity education which is developed by mobile AR technology. AR technology has currentlypeople's attention because of the potential of future core contents. We allpied AR technology for kid's education of language, humanity and creativity. Well known nursery tales reconstructed by ICT technology give absorbing interest to kids, lead the curiosity of leading edge technology and friendly accept it as a part of daily life.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.346-354
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: While the use of food additives in food processing has become a common practice worldwide, consumers' worry about potential hazards has not diminished. The purpose of this study was to identify trends in South Korean parents' perceptions about food additives by analyzing the results of surveys conducted from 2014 to 2018. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We conducted an off-line survey in Korea annually between 2014 and 2018 on perceptions about food additives. The numbers of survey respondents in each year from 2014 to 2018 were 381, 426, 301, 519, and 369, respectively. Our consumer respondents were parents of elementary-school-aged children. RESULTS: The ratios of respondents perceiving "food safety" as the most important factor in purchasing processed foods and "food additives" as the biggest threat to food safety have decreased over the years. However, most consumers still have negative perceptions of food additives. Additionally, among consumers lower confidence in or trust of the Korean government continued throughout the study period and appeared to be the main problem that needs to be overcome. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that Korean parents are still troubled by food additives. Consumers' confidence in the government needs to be increased through public communications. More multifaceted educational programs communicating scientific knowledge of food additives are needed in order to correct consumers' misperceptions.