• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2014

In this article, data mining simulation is applied to find a proper approach and results of analysis for study of variables related to organization. Also, turnover intention and organizational commitment are used as target (dependent) variables in this simulation. Classification and regression tree (CART) with ensemble methods are used in this study for simulation. Human capital corporate panel data of Korea Research Institute for Vocation Education & Training (KRIVET) is used. The panel data is collected in 2005, 2007, and 2009. Organizational commitment variables are analyzed with combined measure variables which are created after investigation of reliability and single dimensionality for multiple-item measurement details. The results of this study are as follows. First, major determinants of turnover intention are trust, communication, and talent management-oriented trend. Second, the main determining factors for organizational commitment are trust, the number of years worked, innovation, communication. CART with ensemble methods has two ensemble CART methods which are CART with Bagging and CART with Arcing. Comparing two methods, CART with Arcing (Arc-x4) extracted scenarios with very high coefficients of determination. In this study, a scenario with maximum coefficient of determinant and minimum error is obtained and practical implications are presented. Using one of data mining methods, CART with ensemble method. Also, the limitation and future research are discussed.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.421-437
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• 2009

China has transformed her strategies for economic development from exogenous development founded on foreign capitals to endogenous development based on enhancing technology innovation capabilities since 2000. More specifically, Chinese business activities have coupled with new institutional settings which enable them to facilitate advanced technology and management methods. As a result, the characteristics of the spatial economy in China are likely to transfer from export-led developmental space to technology-oriented developmental space. In this context, this paper aims to identify the characteristics of technology-oriented space by investigating intra-, inter- and extra-firms relations of Korean FDI firms in Shanghai, China. In terms of intra-firm relations, Korean FDI firms adopted strategies for maximizing business efficiency and effectiveness by transforming their personal networks into formal networks. In terms of inter-firm relations, the distinction of Korean FDI firms' networks has been found in accordance with firm size, industrial sectors, ways of investment etc. Finally, Korean FDI firms has formal networks resulted from institutional involvement, as well as informal (personal) networks based on guanxi (inter-personal relations) in extra-firm relations. Therefore, two types of processes affecting the networks and institutional legacies of the Soviet system can be identified. First is the interaction of institutions and restructuring of pre-existing networks. Second is the insulated institutions and endurance of preexisting networks. And these two governance types have created regional economies which are embedded and over-embedded.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.19-38
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• 2010

Following the emergence of a knowledge-based economy, the role of universities in regional development has been re-evaluated through considering localized interactive learning processes. This paper tries to identify the role of universities for regional development and the variables effecting on their localized engagement in regional development. We argues that universities cannot be viewed as a single angle, because the behaviors of a university are influenced by the degree of their independence from regional and national governments. Likewise, the contributions of universities to their regional development can be differential depending on the organizational characteristics of individual universities, the social, political, and economical contexts of a given region and nation, and complex relations between and within universities and other regional stakeholders. These variables can be both the drivers and barriers when each university responds to regional needs. Based on the literature review, we suggest that the explanatory factors of shaping the engagement of universities in regional development can be classified into four categories: the characteristics of individual universities, the national context, the local and regional context, and the policy context.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.521-535
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• 2008

This paper aims to explore the spatial distribution and locational characteristics of the shipbuilding industry in the south-east region of Korea. The geography of the Korea's shipbuilding industry illustrates an absolute spatial concentration into the south-east region, including Gyeongnam, Busan and Ulsan. In view of the type of agglomeration, it is argued that the south-east region's shipbuilding industry has been evolved as an Advanced Hub & Spoke cluster, which is characterized by interconnected relationships between a couple of gigantic customer firms and the majority of small and medium-sized supplier firms. A survey on the locational factors of the firms presents that traditional locational factors, such as physical infrastructure, land, labour and industrial linkages, are more important than new economic geographical locational factors, such as knowledge, learning, innovation and networks. According to firm's evaluation of the Gyeongnam region's locational environments for the shipbuilding industry is, however, rather different to the result of firm's location decision factors. The shipbuilding firms in Gyeongnam see that the Gyeongnam region retains regional advantages in terms of agglomeration economies, geographical proximity to customers, the infrastructure of transportation and communication and the quality of life. On the contrary, firms recognize that the Gyeongnam region suffers from the lack of R&D and production workforce and a weak basis of industry-university -government networks.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.835-849
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• 2016

Accurate drought outlook and drought monitoring have been preceded recently to mitigate drought damages that further deepen. This study improved the limitations of the previous MSWSI (Modified Surface Water Supply Index) used in Korea and carried out probabilistic drought forecasts based on ensemble technique with the improved MSWSI. This study investigated available hydrometeorological components in Geum river basin and supplemented appropriate components (dam water level, dam release discharge) in addition to the four components (streamflow, groundwater, precipitation, dam inflow) usedin the previous MSWSI to each sub-basin. Although normal distribution was fitted in the previous MSWSI, the most suitable probabilistic distributions to each meteorological component were estimated in this study, including Gumbel distribution for precipitation and streamflow data; 2-parameter log-normal distribution for dam inflow, water level, and release discharge data; 3-parameter log-normal distribution for groundwater. To verify the improved MSWSI results using historical precipitation and streamflow, simulated drought situations were used. Results revealed that the improved MSWSI results were closer to actual drought than previous MSWSI results. The probabilistic forecasts based on ensemble technique with improved MSWSI were performed and evaluated in 2006 and 2014. The accuracy of the improved MSWSI was better than the previous MSWSI. Moreover, the drought index of actual drought was included in ranges of drought forecasts using the improved MSWSI.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.74-82
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• 2016

The term research institute spin-offs refers to new firms created by public research institutes. These spin-offs are different from other start-ups in two respects: on the one hand, they should be located in the Special Research and Development Zones and, on the other hand, these firms are supposed to commercialize the results of public R&D activities. These spin-off firms show higher rates of survival and job creation than general new firms, which means that their contribution to economic growth is not negligible. The present study analyzes the factors affecting research institute spin-offs using a random effect panel logit model and negative binomial model. From previous studies, four elements are identified as playing an important role in the commercialization of public R&D through spin-offs, namely their organizational character, research capability, technological character, and geographical location. The empirical results demonstrate that government research institutes with more researchers and patents are more likely to create new firms. In addition, the location of the institutes significantly affects the probability of their creating spin-offs and their number. When the technological stage and TLO size are considered, however, it turns out that the number of researchers and technological stage play important roles in the spin-offs.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.19-45
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• 2017

This paper aims to apply our research and theorization on arts entrepreneurship to entrepreneurs active in the arts and cultural sector. Our goal is to develop proposals for practical actions that can support both arts entrepreneurs and supportive arts advocates. Using Action Research methodology, we hosted and facilitated two workshops with selected groups of arts entrepreneurs. Prior to the workshops we designed a questionnaire, based on the competency theory, to assess the qualities and characteristics of the participants. During the workshops we conducted surveys, interviews, and made observations in order to further understand the knowledge, experiences, motivations, capabilities, and attitudes necessary to successful arts entrepreneurship. We also conducted in-depth follow-up interviews with participants as a cross-check. We found that most of the participating arts entrepreneurs had a low understanding of the technology required for effective arts entrepreneurship, which has resulted in insufficient managerial support for artistic innovation. In addition, we found that participants lacked the skills and clear vision to construct a viable economic engine for their organization. Nevertheless, in light of the considerable strengths and high levels of enthusiasm and commitment participants evinced, we believe that their deficits can be corrected with education and training. Thus, we conclude by discussing the path forward and outlining a proposal to develop an innovative educational program on the daily operations of arts management that emphasizes applied technology and creating financial sustainability.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.123-144
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• 2017

The purpose of the study was to analyze American teacher quality management system and provide it's implications. For this, the study analyzed the main traits of American teacher policy, Pennsylvania State University's teacher cultivation system, Pennsylvania State's teacher certification, selection, and recruit system, the master teacher system of New Jersey and New York State. The main results are as the followings. First, American teacher policy is variously operated by state government and school district based on variety and autonomy. Second, for teacher cultivation in American teacher policy, the evaluation on the teacher cultivation program of teacher cultivation institute(mainly university) is strictly administrated. Third, for teacher certification, various tests for gaining teacher certificate are administered and standardized tests are used for the tests. Fourth, for teacher selection and recruit, there is no special test for selection and teacher recruit is done by contract. Fifth, for quality management using excellent teacher, America is administering master teacher that is similar with master teacher system in Korea. Finally, the innovation of teacher cultivation institute by introducing Every Student Succeeds Act(ESSA) is anticipated. Based on these results, the implications for Korean teacher policy were provided.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.214-223
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• 2019

This study is a meta-analysis based on results of empirical studies related to work-life balance(WLB), and the relationships between WLB and other variables. In order to achieve this objective, articles published in domestic journals prior to December 2018 were collected. Data was collected using an online database provided by the Korea Educational and Scientific Information Service, and a total of 27 studies and 126 sub data were coded. Data was analyzed using CMA (comprehensive meta-analysis) 3.0 program. Results of this study are as follows. First, the overall mean effect size of WLB was 0.365, indicating a small effect size. Second, the effect sizes of dependent variables influenced by WLB included immersion, innovation, and performance in order. Third, the effect size of organizational focus variables was more than twice as big as that of individual focus variables. Fourth, the negative theoretical background dependent variables of WLB, such as sacrifice, job stress, and turnover showed -0.254 effect size, and the positive theoretical background dependent variables, such as job satisfaction and emotional commitment have mid-size effect (0.576). Fifth, the effect size of independent variables were in the order of work-development balance, work-home balance, and work-leisure balance.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.spc
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• pp.1079-1089
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• 2018

The majority of existing studies for quantifying uncertainties in climate change impact assessments suggest only the uncertainties of each stage, and not the total uncertainty and its propagation in the whole procedure. Therefore, this study has proposed a new method, the Uncertainty Delta Method (UDM), which can quantify uncertainties using the variances of projections (as the UDM is derived from the first-order Taylor series expansion), to allow for a comprehensive quantification of uncertainty at each stage and also to provide the levels of uncertainty propagation, as follows: total uncertainty, the level of uncertainty increase at each stage, and the percentage of uncertainty at each stage. For quantifying uncertainties at each stage as well as the total uncertainty, all the stages - two emission scenarios (ES), three Global Climate Models (GCMs), two downscaling techniques, and two hydrological models - of the climate change assessment for water resources are conducted. The total uncertainty took 5.45, and the ESs had the largest uncertainty (4.45). Additionally, uncertainties are propagated stage by stage because of their gradual increase: 5.45 in total uncertainty consisted of 4.45 in emission scenarios, 0.45 in climate models, 0.27 in downscaling techniques, and 0.28 in hydrological models. These results indicate the projection of future water resources can be very different depending on which emission scenarios are selected. Moreover, using Fractional Uncertainty Method (FUM) by Hawkins and Sutton (2009), the major uncertainty contributor (emission scenario: FUM uncertainty 0.52) matched with the results of UDM. Therefore, the UDM proposed by this study can support comprehension and appropriate analysis of the uncertainty surrounding the climate change impact assessment, and make possible a better understanding of the water resources projection for future climate change.