• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.11A
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• pp.861-869
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose coordinated scheduling and beamforming based on limited feedback to overcome the effects of inter-cell interference in multi-cell environment. The goal of this study is to improve a performance of cell-edge area significantly affected by the inter-cell interference and also to guarantee a performance of the entire system. Existing coordinated scheduling and beamforming based on the perfect channel state information generates an overhead for the channel state information feedback and exchange at the users and base stations, respectively. In this study, first we propose a novel codebook to obtain a null space of an interference channel efficiently which can be used to reduce the inter-cell interference. Using the proposed codebook, we propose coordinated scheduling and beamforming to improve the performance of cell-edge area and the entire system. Through the proportional fair scheduling, the performance of the proposed technique is shown as improvement of channel capacity for users located cell-edge area and entire system.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.27
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• pp.69-75
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• 2009

This research regard it as most meaningful to realize the importance of the hedgerow in cultivated areas functioning as a residual landscape element in rural landscape and set improvement guidelines through landscape character and value analysis to cope with landscape malfunction. The results of summary are as follows. 1) First of all, as a result of landscape character analysis of edge stripe in cultivated land in total of 7 case areas, for example, the edge stripe in cultivated land in case area 4 and 8 maintain the width of 10m and are assessed satisfactory in terms of vegetation development condition, appearance of living species, connectivity, buffer capacity and so on. Also, as a result of structural character of correlation analysis among items, the correlation coefficient between width and appearance of living species showed 0.941, the highest. Following are connectivity and appearance of living species and width and buffer capacity respectively: 0.841 and 0.740. 2) As a result of landscape character analysis of uncultivated stripe in total of 6 case areas, it is analyzed that case area 4 maintains the widest width as almost 4.5m average width and considered valuable as I degree in vegetation development condition, filtering, and connectivity. 3) As a result of problem analysis of uncultivated stripe, for example, case 3, 9, and 10 was analyzed that the width was below 1.25m which is too small to carry out the function of buffer and habitat for living creature, so minimum standard width was set between 4~5m through comprehensive analysis of character of each case area. Based on the result above landscape character, value and problem analysis, main improvement guidelines are set in terms of width, connectivity, filtering, and vegetation development, restrictive practices and so on.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.219-226
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• 2016

In our general life, what we recognize information with our human eyes and use it is diverse and massive. But even the current technologies improved by artificial intelligence are exorbitantly deficient comparing to human visual processing ability. Nevertheless, many researchers are trying to get information in everyday life, especially concentrate effort on recognizing information consisted of text. In the fields of recognizing text, to extract the text from the general document is used in some information processing fields, but to extract and recognize the text from real image is deficient too much yet. It is because the real images have many properties like color, size, orientation and something in common. In this paper, we applies an adaptive edge enhanced MSER(Maximally Stable Extremal Regions) to extract the text area in those diverse environments and the scene text, and show that the proposed method is a comparatively nice method with experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 2008

This study was conducted in order to recommend forest-based wildlife protection areas in Chung-nam Province using several basic habitat conditions. The conditions used in this study were the forest patch size with the potential to keep wildlife animals safe, the distance from water sources, and the availability of food for wildlife. The fractal dimension index was also used to find the edge line dynamics, which can influence on habitat conditions for edge species. The natural conservation management indices including a forest map (indicating the level of forest age), a slope map, and an elevation map were used to find the forest patches with enough space for wildlife to live on. Water resources and their buffer areas were considered as factors to protect the space as an ecological corridor. Deciduous trees and trees mixed with deciduous trees and conifers were chosen to provide wildlife animals their food. In total, 525 forest patches were chosen and recommended for the wildlife protection area. Five of these forest patches were recommended as wildlife protection areas managed by the provincial government. The other 520 forest patches were recommended to protect local wildlife animals and be managed by each county or city. These forest patches were located around the Geum-buk and Geum-nam mountains, and the forest patches are important resources as habitats to keep wildlife in the area. An ecological network consists of these separate forest patches with the ecological integration. A fractal dimension index was used to divide forest patches into several categories in order to find how patches are shaped. The forest patches with longer edges or more irregular shapes have a much higher possibility of being inhabited by various types of edge species. Through comparison of the wildlife protection areas recommended in this study to the current wildlife protection areas, we recognized that the current wildlife protection areas need boundary adjustments in order for wildlife animals to survive by themselves with water sources and food.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.151-162
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is suggest to restoration model of Pinus thunbergii in Saha-gu, Busan Metropolitan City. The result of this study is summarized as follows; As the results of this study, vegetation restoration model is presented by separating community planting and edge planting. The community planting species of tree layer were Pinus thunbergii and Quercus acutissima and Quercus dentata and Quercus serrata and Quercus alienna and Quercus variabilis. The community planting species of subtree layer were Platycarya strobilacea and Prunus sargentii and Styrax japonica and Eurya japonica and Morus bombycis. The community planting species of shrub layer are Ulmus pavifolia and Ulmus davidiana and Lindera obtusiloba and Elaeagnus macrophylla and Mallotus japonicus and Ligustrum obtusifolium and Sorbus alnifolia and Rhus trichocarpa and Zanthoxylum schinifolium and Rosa wichuraiana and Rhus chinensis and Viburnum erosum and Rhododendron mucronulatum and Rhododendron yedoense and Indigofera pseudotinctoria. And the planting species of edge vegetation are Japanese Angelica and Symplocos chinensis and Pittosporum tobira and Lespedeza maximowiczii and Lespedeza bicolor and Rubus coreanus and Rubus idaeus and Vitis thunbergii and Ampelopsis brevipedunculata and Rosa multiflora. Considering the population of individuals up to layers in each $400m^2$ area, it was composed of 24 in tree layer, 35 in subtree layer, 410 in shrub layer and 34% herb layer in the Pinus thunbergii community. And the average of breast-high area and canopy area was $10,852cm^2$ in tree layer, in subtree layer $1,546cm^2$, in shrub layer $1,158,660cm^2$. The shortest distance between trees was calculated as 2.0m in tree layer, 1.9m in subtree layer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.655-661
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• 2020

SGM (Semi Global Matching) can be used to find all the conjugate points between stereo images. Therefore, it enables high-density DSM (Digital Surface Model) production from high-resolution satellite images. However, water, shadows, and occlusion areas cause mismatching of the surrounding points in this method. Particularly, in buildings with large-parallax and elongated-shapes such as a Korean style apartment, it is difficult to reconstruct the 3D building even if the SGM method is applied to a high-resolution 50cm satellite image. This study proposed and performed the SGM technique with a classified image and an edge image from the IKONOS-2 satellite stereo-image with a 1m resolution to produce DSM. It was compared with the DSMs from the general SGM and the high-density ABM (Area Based Matching) matching of ERDAS software. The results of the apartment DSM by the proposed method were the best in the test area. As a result, despite the image having a resolution of 1m, the outline of the building DSM could be expressed more clearly than the existing method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.932-934
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• 2003

In this paper, time, studied about method that can analyze iris change to using differential image of iris image that put interval and films and utilize as patient's health examination according to iris change. Time, Differential mage of iris image that put interval and films ran be used usefully to search early diagnosis of disease and unfolding process etc.. of disease by showing definitely change by tine. In the case of iris diagnostic system, iris outside area extracts iris area and uses Differential image of before filming image and image that film present to use canny edge detector as there is cay to extract iris area as do not help in diagnostic and change analyzed comparison.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.2267-2285
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• 2016

Information Centric Networking that uses content name instead of IP address as routing identifier can handle challenges such as traffic explosion and user mobility, but it also suffers from scalability and incompatibility problems. In this paper by combining the concept of software defined networking and Internet end to end arguments, we propose a wide area deployable software defined information centric networking service model named SD-ICN. SD-ICN employs a dual space structure that separates edge service network and core transmission network. The enhanced SDN techniques are used in edge service network in order to implement intelligent data routing and caching, while traditional IP technique is reserved in core transmission network so as to provide wide area high speed data transmission. Besides, a distributed name resolution system based on the cooperation of different controllers is also presented. The prototype experiments in our campus network show that SD-ICN can be deployed in a scalable and incremental way with no modification of the core network, and can support typical communication modes such as multicast, mobility, multihoming, load balancing, and multipath data transmission effectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.409-422
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• 2019

In this study, we carried out the 3D numerical simulation to investigate the hydraulic characteristics of Synchronous Edge wave known as the driving mechanism of beach cusp using the Tool Box called the ihFoam that has its roots on the OpenFoam. As a wave driver, RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equation) and mass conservation equation are used. In doing so, we materialized short-crested waves known as the prerequisite for the formation of Synchronous Edge waves by generating two obliquely colliding Cnoidal waves. Numerical results show that as can be expected, flow velocity along the cross section where waves are focused are simulated to be much faster than the one along the cross section where waves are diverged. It is also shown that along the cross section where waves are focused, up-rush is moving much faster than its associated back-wash, but a duration period of up-rush is shortened, which complies the typical characteristics of nonlinear waves. On the other hand, due to the water-merging effect triggered by the redirected flow toward wave-diverging area at the pinacle of run-up, along the cross section where waves are diverged, offshore-ward velocity is larger than shore-ward velocity at the vicinity of shore-line, while at the very middle of shoaling process, the asymmetry of flow velocity leaned toward the shore is noticeably weakened. Considering that these flow characteristics can be found without exception in Synchronous Edge waves, the numerical simulation can be regarded to be successfully implemented. In doing so, new insight about how the boundary layer streaming occur are also developed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.185-188
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• 2006

We studied on the reverse twist near the pixel edge depending on the rubbing direction for the fringe field switching (FFS) mode. Liquid crystal (LC) dynamic and the transmittance near the pixel edge, where the various field directions are generated, depend on the initial rubbing direction because the position of reverse twist is decided by the angle between the electric direction and the LC director at a bias voltage. For example, when the rubbing angle is $7^{\circ}$, the reverse twist appears on the bottom position of the right sharp comer of the pixel edge so that the reverse region exists far away from main active region. But, when the rubbing angle is $-7^{\circ}$, the reverse twist appears on the top position of the right sharp comer of the pixel edge, resulting that the region becomes more close to the main active area and the unstable disclination lines (DLs) easily intrude into the active region. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the reverse twist region far from the active region and it is possible by controlling the rubbing direction in the design of a pixel electrode.