• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the expression of cathepsin B mRNA and protein in eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues of patients with endometriosis and in normal endometrial tissues and to clarify the association between the cathepsin B expression and endometriosis. A total of 40 women with histologically confirmed endometriosis were recruited for study group. For controls, 20 women undergoing operative treatment for uterine myoma, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or benign gynecologic conditions other than endometriosis were recruited. Eutopic endometrial tissues of both groups and ectopic endometrial tissue of study group were collected during the operations. We employed real time reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to quantify mRNA levels of cathepsin B in these tissues. Then, we performed western blot analysis to measure the protein levels of cathepsin B. The expressions of cathepsin B mRNA and protein were significantly higher in both eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues of women with endometriosis than in endometrial tissues of controls. These data suggest that the higher expression of cathepsin B in the endometrial tissues might be associated with the development of endometriosis. In addition, eutopic endometrium itself with higher expression cathepsin B may play a pivotal role in the histogenesis of endometriosis.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.275-278
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• 2000

A 3-year-old yorkshire terrier was examined because of the green-like vaginal discharge. Abdominal ultrasonographs revealed dead fetuses in the abdominal cavity. Surgical exploration revealed fetuses located in the region of the uterine wall, the omentum, the ileum, and the upper right side of the liver respectively. Fetal structures were removed and an ovariohysterectomy was performed. The abdominal cavity was flushed with warm saline and then the incision closed. These fetuses were at different stages of development. It was suggested that the development of the fetuses apparently continued in extrauterine pregnancy until the blood supply became inadquate for further growth.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.733-741
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• 2018

Mutations in spliceosome components have been implicated in carcinogenesis of various types of cancer. One of the most frequently found is U2AF1 S34F missense mutation. Functional analyses of this mutation have been largely limited to hematological malignancies although the mutation is also frequently seen in other cancer types including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We examined the impact of knockdown (KD) of wild type (wt) U2AF1 and ectopic expression of two splice variant S34F mutant proteins in terms of alternative splicing (AS) pattern and cell cycle progression in A549 lung cancer cells. We demonstrate that induction of distinct AS events and disruption of mitosis at distinct sub-stages result from KD and ectopic expression of the mutant proteins. Importantly, when compared with the splicing pattern seen in LUAD patients with U2AF1 S34F mutation, ectopic expression of S34F mutants but not KD was shown to result in common AS events in several genes involved in cell cycle progression. Our study thus points to an active role of U2AF1 S34F mutant protein in inducing cell cycle dysregulation and mitotic stress. In addition, alternatively spliced genes which we describe here may represent novel potential markers of lung cancer development.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-26
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• 2005

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac rhythm disturbance, which carries significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The medical treatment for AF is cumbersome and unsatisfactory, which has highlighted the need to develop alternative treatments for AF. The recent discovery that AF is often initiated by atrial ectopic beats has resulted in treatments designed to target the ectopic sources, particularly those within the pulmonary veins. Building on the pioneering work of Cox et al., a recent reported series demonstrated the feasibility of treating patients undergoing cardiac surgery for other structural heart diseases with limited, left-atrial ablation lesion sets using alternative energy sources. As less complex modifications of the Maze procedure have been developed, a number of energy sources have been introduced to create of electrically isolating lesions within the atria. These sources have been used both endocardially in arrest heart procedures as well as epicardially in a beating heart setting. This review summarizes the recent advances in surgery for AF that will aid in the development of an effective, minimally invasive surgical procedure to cure patients with AF.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.771-775
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• 1997

Ectopic eruption is defined as abnormal eruption and results in malpositioned teeth and abnormal root resorption of adjacent teeth. Ectopic eruption, first reported by Chapman, occurs in 3% of the population and that mostly in the maxilla. Etiologic factors include narrow maxilla, large maxillary teeth, retarded calcification of the first molar, inclined eruption path of the first molar and retruded position of the maxilla. Impaction of the second molar is rare and occurs mostly in the mandible. Major causes are large teeth and insufficient arch length. Halterman has devised a method of distalizing a ectopically erupting first molar by cementing a band on the second deciduous molar with a hook soldered and a button bonded to the occlusal surface of the first permanent molar. Ectopically erupted posterior teeth should be treated early to maintain normal development of the dentition, harmony of facial growth and occlusal support, a failure to do so could result in severe malocclusion, periodontal damage and continued root resorption of the adjacent teeth. Early detection and treatment is thus vital. The author is submitting this report as he has obtained favorable results in treating a patient who came to the SNUDH Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry complaining of the first molar by using a modified Halterman appliance.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.180-183
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• 2020

Meningothelial hamartoma is a benign tumor composed of ectopic meningothelial elements in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. It mainly occurs in the scalp; however, the incidence is extremely low. The origin of meningothelial hamartoma has not been elucidated; nevertheless, it has been theorized that it derives from ectopic meningothelial rests displaced during embryologic development. It can be diagnosed histologically as proliferation of connective tissue elements and cells arranged in solid nests, resembling vascular tumors. On immunohistochemistry, it stains positively for epithelial membrane antigen and vimentin. At least 17 cases have been reported, verifying the rarity of the lesion. We present the case of a 16-year-old male patient with a soft scalp mass which was thought to be a lipoma, but turned out to be a meningothelial hamartoma on histology.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2023

A stem cell niche provides an environment that governs stem cell maintenance and division. Thus, the development of a proper niche is of prime importance to stem cell behaviors. Mechanisms of niche development are beginning to be revealed in the Drosophila male gonad. Niche cells are initially dispersed throughout the gonad, then assemble at its apical tip through the anterior migration of posteriorly located niche cells. The molecular mechanisms of this migration and assembly are still poorly understood. Here we show evidence suggesting that Lin28, an RNA-binding protein and regulator of let7 genesis, might be an intrinsic factor for the anterior migration of niche cells. We found that a dispersed, ectopic niche, a phenotype observed with anterior migration defects, occurs in lin28 mutant gonads. This phenotype is rescued by expression of lin28 in the niche cells. These findings suggest that Lin28 might be required for the anterior migration of niche cells.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2017

Proper synaptic function in neural circuits requires precise pairings between correct pre- and post-synaptic partners. Errors in this process may underlie development of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Development of ASD can be influenced by genetic factors, including copy number variations (CNVs). In this study, we focused on a CNV occurring at the 16p11.2 locus in the human genome and investigated potential defects in synaptic connectivity caused by reduced activities of genes located in this region at Drosophila larval neuromuscular junctions, a well-established model synapse with stereotypic synaptic structures. A mutation of rolled, a Drosophila homolog of human mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) at the 16p11.2 locus, caused ectopic innervation of axonal branches and their abnormal defasciculation. The specificity of these phenotypes was confirmed by expression of wild-type rolled in the mutant background. Albeit to a lesser extent, we also observed ectopic innervation patterns in mutants defective in Cdk2, Gq, and Gp93, all of which were expected to interact with Rolled MAPK3. A further genetic analysis in double heterozygous combinations revealed a synergistic interaction between rolled and Gp93. In addition, results from RT-qPCR analyses indicated consistently reduced rolled mRNA levels in Cdk2, Gq, and Gp93 mutants. Taken together, these data suggest a central role of MAPK3 in regulating the precise targeting of presynaptic axons to proper postsynaptic targets, a critical step that may be altered significantly in ASD.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.6-13
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• 2017

Premolars show the greatest variation in development and eruption. The present case report identified characteristics of eruption of maxillary premolars with delayed development. Multiple maxillary premolars with delayed development were found to have a palatal ectopic eruption pattern, which was self-corrected through eruption guidance by extraction of preceding primary teeth at the stage of root development when eruption force was maximal. In addition, delayed eruption due to delayed development was substantially improved by eruption guidance. Early erupted premolars with less than 1/3 of root development were induced to have normal root development using stabilizing appliance. The maxillary premolars with delayed development reported in the present study showed no complications such as impaction, space loss by delayed eruption, or insufficient root development.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2014

Xenograft models of human cancer play an important role in the screening and evaluation of candidates for new anticancer agents. The models, which are derived from human tumor cell lines and are classified according to the transplant site, such as ectopic xenograft and orthotopic xenograft, are still utilized to evaluate therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. The metastasis model is modified for the evaluation and prediction of cancer progression. Recently, animal models are made from patient-derived tumor tissue. The patient-derived tumor xenograft models with physiological characters similar to those of patients have been established for personalized medicine. In the discovery of anticancer drugs, standard animal models save time and money and provide evidence to support clinical trials. The current strategy for using xenograft models as an informative tool is introduced.