• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.285-291
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• 2016

Spathius ibarakius Belokobylskij et Maeto, which belongs to the Spathius exarator species group (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) was found as an ectoparasitoid of the first- and second-instar larvae of the citrus longhorned beetle, Anoplophora chinensis ($F{\ddot{o}}rster$) from Gwangneung, Pocheon, Korea. The discovery of this braconid wasp was made during the survey for parasitoids of the Asian and citrus longhorned beetles by using the sentinel log method. We herein describe diagnostic characters of S. ibarakius, including those of the male, and also provide illustrations. In addition, we present a host list of Korean species belong to genus Spathius.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2002

Longevities of Hemiptarsenus zilahisebessi, ectoparasitoid of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) larva. were 23.0, 16.9. and 12.7 days at 20, 25, and 30$^{\circ}C$, respectively. The adults copulated and laid eggs as soon as they emerged at 20$^{\circ}C$ and 30$^{\circ}C$. The total number of eggs laid and the daily oviposition rate were 82.3/3.6, 90.3/6.0, and 95.5/7.8 at the three different constant temperatures. The sex ratios were 0.37,0.43. and 0.43 at 20,25, and 30$^{\circ}C$. respectively. Female oviposited 1.4 eggs near parasitized host larva and the average distance between eggs of H. zilahisebessi andhost larva wre 0.92mm. The instrinsic increase rates(r$\sub$m/) of H. zilahisebessi were 0.12, 0.19 and 0.27, and net reproduction were 31.0, 40.2, and 40.8 at 20,25, and 30$^{\circ}C$, respectively. Female of H. zilahisebessi oviposited mainly on the 3rd larva and sex ratio was 0.42, wheras the ratio was declined to 0.1 on the 1st larva.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.258-262
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• 2019

This study was aimed to clarify the morphological and ecological characteristics of Dolichomitus cephalotes and Dolichomitus curticornis in order to provide basic data to be used for biological control against Monochamus saltuarius. D. cephalotes and D. curticornis are univioltine in the central region of Korea and overwinters as larval stage inside the cocoon. Both species are ectoparasitoid, and a solitary parasitoid. D. cephalotes adults are emerged from the beginning of April to the middle of May, while D. curticornis adults are emerged from late April to mid-May.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.28-31
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• 1989

Lariophagus distinguendus,an ectoparasitoid of rice weevil, laid its eggs exclusively on the third and fourth larvae, with the preference for the fourth larva. The sex ratio of the pa¬rasitoid can be regulated by the female parasitoid on the basis of the host size available at the time of oviposition.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.72-76
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• 2000

The study was conducted to investigate the developmental periods and effect of several insecticides on Hemiptarsenus sp., ectoparasitoid of Liriomyza trifolii. The mean length and width of egg were 0.5mm and 0.1mm. The mean length of larva, pupae, abult female, and abult male were 1.9mm, 2.0mm, 2.2mm, and 1.8mm, respectively. Developmental periods of Hemiptarsenus sp. from egg to larva at 15, 20, 25, $30^{\circ}C$ were 16.9, 8.8, 5.9, and 4.5 days, and those of pupa were 20.7, 9.7, 5.6, and 3.4 days, respectively. Based on these results, developmental threshold temperatures and effective temperatures were $9.5^{\circ}C$, 91.5 degree-days in egg-larval stage, $10.9^{\circ}C$, 142.3 degree-days in pupal stage. When several insecticides were evaluated to Hemiptarsenus sp. at the recommended concentrations, B.t WP, diflubenzuron WP, and cyromazin were negligiblly effective all life stages. Fipronil SC, cartap SP, spinosad GW were less toxic to larva and pupa, but highly toxic to adults. Abamectin EC was less toxic to all life stages, but inhibited oviposition of 50% more to Hemiptarsenus sp. female.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 1999

Torymus sinensis was found to be a solitary ectoparasitoid attacking the larvae ofDryocosmus kuriphilus. The sex ratio of Torymus sinensis was close to 1 : 1 in foreign chestnut varieties.Under constant temperatures of 15"C, 20$^{\circ}$C, and 25"C, the preoviposition period and longevity of theadult was longer at lower temperatures when fed on honey. Most of the Torymus sinensis female havemature eggs in their ovaries just after emergence. The number of mature eggs reached to average 22.5individuals per female in four days, which was the highest value, after the emergence and then decreasedgradually. Eggs were laid on the larvae of the host or attached on inner surface of the gall chamber. Theeggs were oval in shape, measuring 0.49 mm length and 0.13 mm width and the color of the justoviposited egg was milky white. The larvae appeared in one day after being deposited at 20$^{\circ}$C. Thepupae, 2.25 mm length for female and 1.89 mm length for male, was milky white in color just afterpupation but became black later. In Kangwon Province, development period of chestnut galls formated byDryocosmus kuriphilus were mid April to late May and its primary parasitoid, Torymus sinensis adult,emerged from withered previous year galls in early April to early May. This species has one generation ina year, and hibernated with the matured larvae. hibernated with the matured larvae.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.3 s.140
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• pp.219-223
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• 2005

Torymus geranii was found to be a ectoparasitoid attacking the larvae of Dryocosmus kuriphilus. T. geranii has longevity of a $42.8{\pm}9.8$ days at $20^{\circ}C$ and $26.5{\pm}11.0$ day at $25^{\circ}C$ under conditions supplied with 100% honeydew. Oviposition numbers at 20 and $25^{\circ}C$ were $22.3{\pm}12.5$ and $42.2{\pm}18.4$, respectively. The eggs were oval in shape, measuring $0.56{\pm}0.33$ mm in length. The larvae, $2.94{\pm}0.18mm$ in length, was white and length of male and female pupae were $2.01{\pm}0.18mm$ and $2.73{\pm}0.09mm$, respectively. T. geranii had two generations with overwintering generation emerged on late May to early June at Chunchon, central part of Korea, however showed three generations with overwintering generation emerged on middle May to early June, the first one on late June to early July, and the second one on late July to earlyl August.