• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.47-65
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• 2020

With the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in sight, innovative business models utilizing new technologies are emerging, and startups are enjoying an abundance of opportunities based on the agility to respond to disruptive innovations and the opening to new technologies. However, what is most important in creating a sustainable start-up ecosystem is not the start-up itself, but the process of research-start-investment-investment-the leap to listing and big business-in order to build a virtuous circle of startups that leads to re-investment. To this end, the environment created in the hub area where start-ups were conducted is important, and these material and non-material environmental factors are described as being inclusive by the word "entrepreneurial ecosystem." This study aims to provide implications for Korea's entrepreneurial ecosystem through the study of the interaction of the elements that make up the start-up ecosystem and the relationship of ecosystem participants in Singapore. Singapore has been consistently mentioned as the top two Asian countries in assessing the start-up environment and business environment. In this process, six elements of the entrepreneurial ecosystem presented by Isenberg(2010)-policies, finance, culture, support, human resources, and market-are the best frameworks for analyzing entrepreneurial ecosystems in terms of well encompassing prior studies related to entrepreneurial ecosystem elements, and a model of regional transformation is formed focusing on some elements to suit Singapore, the target area of study. By considering that Singapore's political nature would inevitably have a huge impact on finance, Smart Nation policy was having an impact on university education related to entrepreneurship, and that the entrepreneurial networks and global connectivity formed within Singapore's start-up infrastructure had a significant impact on Singapore's start-up's performance, researches needed to look more at the factors of policy, culture and market. In addition, qualitative research of participants in the entrepreneurial ecosystem was essential to understand the internal interaction of the elements of the start-up ecosystem, so the semi-structured survey was conducted by visiting the site. As such, this study examined the status of the local entrepreneurial ecosystem based on qualitative research focused on policies, culture and market elements of Singapore's start-up ecosystem, and intended to provide implications for regulations related to start-ups, the role of universities and start-up infrastructure through comparison with Korea. This could contribute not only to the future research of the start-up ecosystem, but also to the creation of a start-up infrastructure, boosting the start-up ecosystem, and the establishment of the orientation of the start-up education in universities.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

This study looked at the blockchain technology as an ecosystem side and examined the role of each component. In this study, the blockchain ecosystem is a network structure in which members share and collaborate with each other in order to create new value(service) based on the distributed ledger. Hence compare to bio-ecosystem, the components of blockcahin ecosystem are consists of service providers(producer), service users(consumer) and the distributed ledger owners(decomposer). Distributed ledgers, who act as decomposers in the blockchain ecosystem, play an important role. In order to maintain and activate the value of the blockchain ecosystem, the ecosystem can be effectively operated by constructing an environment in which the distributed ledger owners can handle effectively. This will help us to understand the relationship between ecosystems and not only to contribute to the study but also to activate the blockchain ecosystem. The limitations of this study are based on exploratory research, and specific discussion is needed based on objective data.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.281-289
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate the influence of the components of the startup ecosystem on the business performance of startups, focusing on the mediating effect of the location environment. By presenting the insight that the popularization of start-ups can be an alternative for job creation thanks to the government's start-up support policy considering the location environment, it is possible to construct an optimal configuration scenario between the components of the start-up ecosystem and the location environment. Furthermore, it is expected to contribute to the improvement of corporate management performance. To achieve this goal, we performed a survey and the subjects were domestic start-up company employees with less than 7 years of experience. The results show that the components of the start-up ecosystem had a significant effect on the business performance of start-up companies and the location environment and on the management performance of start-up companies according to the mediation of the location environment.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.81-89
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• 2020

In the forest ecosystems, litterfall is an important component of the nutrient cycle that regulates the accumulation of soil organic matter (SOM), the input and output of the nutrients, nutrient replenishment, biodiversity conservation, and other ecosystem functions. Therefore, a profound understanding of the major processes (litterfall production and its decomposition rate) in the cycle is vital for sustainable forest management (SFM). Despite these facts, there is still a limited knowledge in tropical forest ecosystems, and further researches are highly needed. This shortfall of research-based knowledge, especially in tropical forest ecosystems, may be a contributing factor to the lack of understanding of the role of plant litter in the forest ecosystem function for sustainable forest management, particularly in the tropical forest landscapes. Therefore, in this paper, I review the role of plant litter in tropical forest ecosystems with the aims of assessing the importance of plant litter in forest ecosystems for the biogeochemical cycle. Then, the major factors that affect the plant litter production and decomposition were identified, which could direct and contribute to future research. The small set of studies reviewed in this paper demonstrated the potential of plant litter to improve the biogeochemical cycle and nutrients in the forest ecosystems. However, further researches are needed particularly on the effect of species, forest structures, seasons, and climate factors on the plant litter production and decomposition in various types of forest ecosystems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.149-162
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• 2012

Habitat loss and fragmentation are ongoing major anthropogenic impacts on landscapes, which can strongly affect ecosystems, populations and species. The studies on forest fragmentation have been progressed, but the studies on definition of forest fragmentation and their synthetic trend in South Korea still leaves much to be desired. Therefore we set the definition of forest fragmentation and reviewed the related papers. We can give a definition that forest fragmentation is not only a process of spatial landscape transformation, but also a process of ecosystem change by it. The trend of studies on forest fragmentation divided into two fields, landscape and ecosystem changes. Forest fragmentation caused by land change altered the composition and configuration of forest patches. Most studies related on that analyzed the change using landscape index. The effects of forest fragmentation on ecosystem subdivided into three fields : biodiversity, edge effects, and invasive species, but the studies in South Korea is short. The study on relations between forest fragmentation and ecosystem change is necessary to face the Convention on Biological Diversity in South Korea. In addition, the fundamental studies on biodiversity is important to mitigate against forest fragmentation.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.10 no.3 s.21
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• pp.123-130
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• 2002

This study is aimed to build an effective information management system for natural ecosystem in local Kang-wha area. We analyze the management strategies for the information related to environment ecosystem and natural ecosystem. A prototype is applied to equip search functions for related-agency information, natural environmental information, spatial information, and ecosystem information. It is also capable of editing the information for related-agency information and natural environmental information. Developed various for future study, a prototype of natural eco-information management system will be operated, which discovers and selves potential problems. It is, in turn, utilited for environmental management system of water quality, air quality and waste management. As the final goal, it is expected to build a total environment information management system by integrating those different environmental information systems.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.228-236
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• 2021

Background: A review of the literature was carried out to study dust and sandstorm (DSS) in terms of its ecosystem processes and relationship to other dryland disasters in Northeast Asia. Drylands are ecosystems that include grasslands, semi-deserts, and deserts, and these types of ecosystems are vulnerable due to their low primary productivity that depends on a small amount of precipitation. Results: Drought, dust, desertification, and winter livestock disasters (called dzud) are unique natural disasters that affect the region. These disasters are related in that they share major causes, such as dryness and low vegetation cover that combine with other conditions, wind, cold waves, livestock, and land-surface energy, to dramatically impact the ecosystem. Conclusions: The literature review in this study illustrates the macroscopic context of the spatial and temporal patterns of DSS according to geography, climate, and vegetation growth in the drylands of Northeast Asia. The effects of ocean climates and human activities were discussed to infer a possible teleconnection effect of DSS and its relations to desertification and dzud.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2024

This note summarizes the application of zooplankton indices for water quality management and estimation based on main research topics of articles focusing on wetland ecosystems, topics that are remained poorly investigated in S. Korea. The aquatic ecosystem-based consists of indices that respond to different target environmental factors, including environmental disturbance. Among the major indicator species and biota, we reviewed that management strategy for the wetland environment has to be focused more on small-sizes, in terms of zooplankton ecology and indices. The ecology of zooplankton communities in freshwater ecosystem has been the focus of an increasing number of studies since 2019, and considerable progress has been made in understanding the major mechanisms involved in regulating their abundance, diversity and spatio-temporal patterns. Even though studies on the freshwater ecosystem in Korea have a long history, a few of studies on zooplankton biota were conducted at wetlands. We suggested the candidate zooplankton indices proposed by the U.S. EPA and EU to suit Korean conditions. In the step of selecting metrics, the best available metrics are species-related variables, such as composition and abundance, as well as richness and diversity. Overall, in spite of several limitations, the development of a plankton-based multivariate assessment method in Korea wetlands is possible using mostly field research data. Later, it could be improved based on qualitative metrics on zooplankton, and with the emergence of further survey data. The present information can be used as basic information for researchers who are dealing with aquatic environments and its interaction with organisms.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.188-194
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• 2002

Assessment institution of urban ecosystem is divided into ‘Urban Planning Act’and ‘Environmental Management Act’in Korea. The assessment institution of urban planning is divided into ‘Standard of land development approval’and ‘Environmental assessment of urban planning’. The institution of environmental management is divided into ‘Environmental impact assessment’and ‘Advance environmental assessment’. Assessment institution of urban ecosystem is progressed very slowly, because of development oriented policy. And so there are many problems that objective assessment method is not invented except ‘Degree of growing tree number per unit area’and ‘Degree of human disturbance of vegetation’, and insufficiency of conservation measures or post evaluation, etc. Activation of assessment institution of urban ecosystem is necessary followed countermeasures in Korea. (1) Development of objective assessment method for urban ecosystem as biotope map, (2) Appointment of censer-vation zone or consideration of damage for high value in conservation, (3) Parallel establishment of development and ecosystem conservation plan, and enforcing post evaluation

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

This study reviews the current conditions of the completed 'Ecosystem Conservation Fund Return Project' sites to suggest management methods for their conservation and sustainability. For the scope of the study, five microsites of completed return projects in Seoul were selected and their project planning documents were reviewed to help with site surveying and analysis. To increase the accuracy of the site surveying and analysis, and to evaluate the management problems from different perspectives, the site managers were interviewed in-depth. The experts were surveyed as well to develop a realistic and practical improvement method. The survey results helped to categorize the post-management problems, and separate improvement methods were suggested for each category. First, the post-management guidelines are proposed for the ecosystem-based environment/ecosystem environment, user management, and monitoring. These guidelines will increase the expertise and practicality of the management principles. Second, the regulations for the participation of expert management enterprises and the development of separate monitoring or maintenance management team are suggested. These regulations will improve the participation of experts and consistency of management systems. Third, the post monitoring or maintenance management during the year after the project completion should be set as a separate project to secure budget. Furthermore, policies and/or institutions should be established to set a portion of ecosystem conservation return fund or a grant for post monitoring and maintenance management. Forth, as a way of adaptive management, at least more than three years of post-management should be evaluated under detailed categories and vigorous standard to improve the institutional operation for 'Ecosystem Conservation Fund Return Projects'.