• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.40 no.3 s.184
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• pp.331-338
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• 2007

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.309-309
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• 2021

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.394-394
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• 2023

The world's sustainable growth is being severely hampered by the inefficient use of water resources. Despite the widely acknowledged importance of trade in global and regional water and food security, societal reliance on local production as well as international trade remains inadequately assessed. Therefore, using South Korea as a case study, this study fills in this research gap by applying the virtual water concept, the logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) method, and the Tapio decoupling model. The virtual water concept was used to estimate South Korea's net virtual water trade for major grain crops from 1992 to 2017. Then, the LMDI method was utilized to assess the driving factors causing changes in net virtual water trade. Lastly, the Tapio decoupling model was used to investigate the decoupling relationships between economic growth and the driving factors of net virtual water trade. Results showed that South Korea remains a net importer of virtual water flows with respect to grain crops, with an average import of 16,559.24 million m³ over the study period. In addition, the change in net virtual water trade could be attributed to water intensity effect, product structure effect, economic effect, and population effect. However, water intensity and economic effects were the major decisive factors for decrease and increase in net virtual water trade respectively, while the population and product structure effects had minor positive influences on the net virtual water trade. Furthermore, water intensity and economic growth showed a strong decoupling in most periods, while the decoupling state between product structure and economic growth was observed as expansive negative decoupling. Likewise, population size and economic growth showed a weak decoupling in most periods. The results reveal South Korea's status as it concerns the virtual water trade of grain crops, thus providing valuable insights into the sustainability of trade activities for the management of local water resources.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.117-122
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• 2022

The main purpose of the article is to determine the economic consequences of the impact of war on labor resources and tourism in terms of ensuring economic security. Today, in the context of Russia's invasion of the territory of Ukraine, an important aspect of people's lives is confidence in their safety. But no less important is the provision of economic security, its impact on the labor and tourism aspects of this type of security, the negative impact on which is carried out under the influence of war. Modern society is faced with the same problems that were a hundred years ago: technological progress, the balance of power in the world community, social problems, military conflicts. In the modern development of society, no one can deny the amazing scientific progress in new technologies and communications.That is why it is important to understand how dangerous war is not only for human life, but also for the economy of the state, its labor and tourism aspects.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.75-101
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• 2010

One of the reasons for low fertility rate in Korea is related to the delayed marriage among the population belong to marriage cohorts. The major goal of this study is to analyze how the economic resources such as level of education, whether employed or not, and occupation have affected one's marriage opportunity and how it is differed by gender. Meanwhile, the changes in the influence of economic resources and the changes in the marriage norms were also studied by analyzing 2% Census data in 1995, 2000 and 2005. Total number of 1.1 million men and women in their ages between 20 to 44 are included in data and binary-logistic analysis is used for statistical research. This study supports a traditional hypothesis that the influence of economic resources on probability of marriage is different by gender. More important academic contribution of this study is the quality of economic resources is becoming more important for men since Asian economic crisis and that the negative effect of it on women is declining since 2000. It is analyzed that the effect of marriage norm has recently decreased on the part of women. These findings suggest that there is a tendency of polarization of marriage market in Korea affected by economic polarization since Asian economic crisis.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.53-74
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• 1991

Interest on ocean environment has increased with the development of industrialized activities. Public marine resorces are defined broadly to include fish stocks, beaches, marine waters, recreational fishing, biota, waterfowls, shorebirds, seabirds and marine mammals But, it is not easy to analyze compensation for injury to publicly owned marine resources because the claimants do not exist clearly and the economic methodology of damage on public goods is not developed fully. This paper introduces basic idea of welfare economic theory and environmental legislation to the research question : How the economics and law can be applied to the case of damage on publicly owned marine resource. The paper discusses the concepts of willingness to pay (WTP) and willingness to accept (WTA). It is accepted generally that WTA is correct concept of welfare change in the case of damaged public goods. Four methods (compensating variation, equivalent variation, compensating surplus, equivalent surplus of measuring welfare changes are compared. Compensating variation(CV) is the best measure of welfare changes are compared. Compensating variation(CV) is the best measure of welfare changes caused by environmental damage. Vartia (1983) showed CV could be measured from the ordinary demand function using the differential equations. This paper also provides an overview of the emerging U.S. and Korea legal system for compensation for natural resource damages, with particular emphasis on U.S. legal system under Comprehensive Environmen-tal Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA). These regulations are to include two different types of standardized procedures for assessing natural resources injury : Type A or simplified assessment techniques for small releases ; and Type B protocols that would include detailed and extensive assessment methodologies for major releases. Type A procedures are specified by Natural Resources Damage Assessment Model for Coastal and Marine Environment (NRDAM/CME) of the U.S. CERCLA provides a legal 'legitimization for the use of economic-based nonmarket valuation in the courts and have introduced appropriate and accurate nonmarket valuation methods based on willingness to-pay for damage assessment. By briefly reviewing economic theory and environmental legislation, we hope to help provide a better understanding of the compensation process and the economics of publicly owned marine resources in the U.S. and to integrate the economics and law of natural resources valuation into a single comprehensive package in Korea.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.103-124
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• 2013

To improve family well-being of single-parents, the utilization of familial social resources-including formal supports, informal supports, and social capital-has become one of the most important family resource management issues. The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of familial social resources of single-parent households with those of two-parent households and to investigate the differences according to three factors, specifically poverty, family types by gender and age of parent, and householders' employment. In addition, the determinants of single-parent households' wellbeing were analyzed from two perspectives: economic wellbeing and psychological life satisfaction. Data from the 5th wave of the Korean Welfare Panel Study (KOWEPS) were used. The major findings were as follows. First, single-parent households utilized their familial social resources more actively than their counterparts, especially in terms of the formal support of child care. Second, single parent households utilized their familial social resources differently in relation to poverty, family types, and parents' employment. Third, the determinants of economic wellbeing and psychological life satisfaction were different according types of familial social resources. Based on these empirical results, policy implications for the future economic wellbeing of baby boomers were provided.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.116-116
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• 2020

Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) is a highly mountainous and remote region covering 45% of Upper Indus Basin (UIB) with around 1.8 million population is vulnerable to climate change and socio-economic growth makes water resources management and planning more complex. To understand the water scarcity in the region this study is carried out to project water supply and demand for agricultural and domestic sector under various climate-socio-economic scenarios in five sub catchments of GB i.e., Astore, Gilgit, Hunza, Shigar and Shyok for a period of 2015 to 2050 using Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model. For climate change scenario ensembled mean of three global climate models (GCMs) was used under three different Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5). The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) and agricultural Land Development (LD) scenarios were combined with climate scenarios to develop climate-socio-economic scenario. Our results indicate that the climate change and socio-economic growth would create a gap between supply and demand of water in the region, with socio-economic growth (e.g. agricultural and population) as dominant external factor that would reduce food production and increase poverty level in the region. Among five catchments only Astore and Gilgit will face shortfall of water while Shyoke would face shortfall of water only under agricultural growth scenarios. We also observed that the shortfall of water in response to climate-socio-economic scenarios is totally different over two water deficient catchments due to its demography and geography. Finally, to help policy makers in developing regional water resources and management policies we classified five sub catchments of UIB according to its water deficiency level.

• Water for future
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.50-53
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• 1970

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.39 no.3 s.178
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• pp.343-351
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• 2006