• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.18 no.1 s.26
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• pp.55-69
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• 2005

This study aims to investigate and practically examine the effect of environmental qualifications based on the theoretical background on the area. First, the economic effect of the acquisition of the qualifications was to be studied from the viewpoints of individuals and from an actual analysis on it, its effect was to be proved. Second, its non-economic effect was to be proved from the same way as the first analysis. On the basis of theoretical background, a study model was formulated in a way that the effect of qualifications in individuals side was divided into an economic effect (wage, employment, promotion, job-switching) and non-economic effect (self-development, self-efficiency, satisfaction on the job, ability to cope with the advancement of technology, job performance, signal effect, the settlement of uneasiness at unemployment). Then, survey was carried out with questions designed in accordance with this model. The hypotheses were proved as the following. First, for hypothesis 1(Environmental qualifications will bring up positive impacts on an individuals economic effect), environmental qualifications was shown to have positive impacts on wage, job-switching in personal economic effect. But, no personal economic effect appeared for employment and promotion. Second, for hypothesis 2(Environmental qualifications will bring up positive impacts on an individuals non-economic effect), environmental qualifications appeared to have positive impacts on self-efficiency, ability to cope with the advancement of technology, job performance and signal effect. Besides, no impact was shown in satisfaction on the job and the settlement of uneasiness at unemployment and self-development.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.25-43
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• 2022

Purpose - This study is to investigate the direct and moderating effect of intangible variable like economic freedom to facilitating factors on FDI(foreign direct investment) inflows and the difference of facilitating factors by the stage of economic development. Design/methodology/approach - Fixed-effect panel regression analysis with 19-year macro economic data from 2000 to 2019 including economic freedom index from Fraser Institute in 13 developed and 15 developing countries was used. Research implications or Originality - In analysis of direct effect of 5 sectors in economic freedom, the influence of economic freedom was shown weaker than other macro economic factors on FDI inflows, which indicates that actual development of economic factors are more important. The effect of economic freedom on FDI inflows at the stage of economic development differed. In developed countries, human capital, GDP, export, free trade and regulation affected FDI inflows in decreasing order, as did human capital, GDP, consumption expenditure, export, investment expenditure, government expenditure, free trade and sound money in developing countries. In analysis of moderating effect of economic freedom, a domestic and international market size, a flexible labor market which can provide a cheaper good human resources and government expenditures for improving social infrastructure under free economic environment facilitated FDI inflows. However, the statistical significance of moderating effect on export was not shown, which indicates that economic freedom policy itself without actual improvement of exports could not attract FDI inflows.

• Korean Journal of Artificial Intelligence
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.9-12
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• 2019

With the Chinese government's attention to the artificial intelligence industry, the Chinese government has invested a lot in it recently. Of course, the importance of artificial intelligence industry for China's economic development is increasingly significant. The advent of artificial intelligence boom has also triggered a large number of scientists to analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on economic growth. Therefore, this paper use 31 China's cross-province panel data to study the effect of artificial intelligence on economic growth. Via empirical analyses under a series of econometric methods such as the province and year fixed effect model, the empirical result shows that artificial intelligence has a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Namely, the artificial intelligence is a new engine for economic growth. Meanwhile, the empirical results also indicate that the investment and consumption has a significant and positive effect on economic growth. Oppositely, the inflation and government purchase have a significant negative effect on economic growth. These findings in this paper also provide some important evidences for policy-makers to perform precise behaviors so as to promote the economic growth. Moreover, these finding enriches existing literature on artificial intelligence and economic growth.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.14-25
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• 2018

Purpose - Taxes cover all aspects of society, especially in terms of resource allocation and economic growth. In reality, the tax revenue is often used to measure the quality of a country's economy. The relationship between tax revenue and economic growth has been paid much attention by academic circles. Due to this background, this paper attempts to investigate the mutual effect between tax revenue and economic growth. Research design, data, and Methodology - The annual datum form 1980 to 2017 are employed to conduct an empirical analysis under the vector error correction model. In this paper, the GDP is treated as an independent variable. The tax revenue is treated as a dependent variable. Furthermore, a menu of statistic approaches will be used to testify the mutual effect between tax revenue and economic growth. Results - Via the co-integration test, the results report that the tax revenue has a positive effect on economic growth in the long run. Through the vector error correction estimation, the results also report that the tax revenue also has a positive effect on economic growth in the short run. Conclusions - This paper provides a view that the tax revenue is a kind of a determinant to promote economic growth. Therefore, the China's government should pay much attention to the improvement of tax revenue system so as to maintain a high-speed economic growth.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.77-92
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• 2022

Purpose - This paper is an empirical investigation of the mediation effect of innovation activity in industry transformation considering the relationship between the semiconductor industry and high-quality economic development. The research questions are whether the semiconductor industry drives high-quality economic development and if so, what is the semiconductor industry's role in high-quality development? We found that the semiconductor industry has clearly improved the quality of economic development, and its comparative advantage has significantly increased per capita national incomes. Furthermore, innovation activity proved to be an intermediary factor for the semiconductor industry to promote high-quality economic development. The world economy should aim to reasonably develop the international semiconductor industry and cultivate innovation markets. Design/methodology - Our empirical model considers the relationship between the semiconductor industry, innovation activity, and high-quality economic development. We constructed an analysis framework based on data from 199 World Bank economies between 1995 and 2019, and we used a mediation effect method to calculate the total effect of the semiconductor industry on promoting high-quality economic development, the indirect effect of the semiconductor industry on promoting innovation activity, and the mediation effect of these innovation activities on the promotion of high-quality economic development. Findings - The results show that the semiconductor industry has significantly promoted high-quality economic development. This is true even after the robustness test of grouping and alternative variables was applied. An analysis of the mechanism shows that promoting patents, scientific research, efficient government, and urban management innovation are important mechanisms for the semiconductor industry to release high-quality development dividends. Originality/value - Although it has been shown that specific industries like semiconductors can affect high-quality economic development through industrial upgrading, few researchers have attempted to empirically test the impact of the semiconductor industry on high-quality economic development. In this paper, we use a mediation effect model, alternative variables and a grouping test to find the internal mechanisms of the comparative advantage of the semiconductor industry in high-quality economic development from the perspective of innovation activity.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.289-297
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• 2021

Purpose - This study analyzed the correlation between economic liberalization and foreign direct investment. The purpose of this study is to seek ways to attract foreign direct investment from developing countries. Design/methodology/approach - This study analysed with observations of 19 from 2000 to 2018 using a fixed effect model, a random effect model, and a two-way fixed effect model. Findings - First, it was found that economic liberalization had a positive effect on attracting foreign direct investment in the early stages of economic liberalization. Second, it was found that economic liberalization in the deepening stage of economic liberalization had a negative effect on attracting foreign direct investment. In general, it was found that the higher the level of economic liberalization in developing countries is not accompanied by innovative changes in the industrial structure, the higher the level of economic liberalization is likely to decrease the inducement of foreign direct investment due to negative factors such as an increase in labor costs. Overall, this study approved that Economic liberalization have a non-linear (inverted U-shape) relationship with the inflow of foreign direct investment. Research implications or Originality - First, this study attempted to expand the variables for the determinants of FDI by analyzing economic factors which is a determinent of FDI. Second, economic liberalization generally has a positive effect on foreign direct investment, but it proved that it does not have only positive effects as a factor of attracting foreign direct investment in developing countries. The advantage of low wages in ASEAN countries acts as a factor for foreign direct investment, but as the degree of economic liberalization increases, the environment such as government size, guarantee of property rights, international trade freedom, fiscal soundness, and regulations change positively. On the other hand, it can be suggested that if the industrial level is less, it may lead to a loss of comparative advantage and a decrease in investment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.369-376
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• 2005

This study aims to investigate and practically examine the effect of environmental qualifications based on the theoretical background on the area. On the basis of theoretical background, a study model was formulated in a way that the effect of qualifications in enterprises side is divided into an economic effect (improvement of productivity, improvement of qualifies of products) and non-economic effect (credibility on the job, expertise on techniques, assessment criteria on entrepreneurial value, applicability of job arrangement). Then, survey was carried out with questions designed in accordance with this model. The hypotheses were proved as the following. First, fir hypothesis 1(Environmental qualifications will bring up positive impacts on the economic effect of enterprises), it turned out to be true. The improvement of productivity and qualities of products were chose to represent the economic effect of entrepreneurs, and the both factors appeared to have positive impacts on the economic effect of enterprises. Second, for hypothesis 2(Environmental qualifications will have positive impacts on the non-economic effect of enterprises), it turned out to be true. Environmental qualifications were proved to have positive impacts on credibility on the job, expertise on techniques, assessment criteria on entrepreneurial value, applicability of job arrangement, which were introduced to represent the non-economic effect of enterprises. In conclusion, environmental qualifications were proved to have positive impacts on both economic and non-economic effect of enterprises.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze mediating effect of social outcome between value realization efforts and economic outcome of social entrprises. Data for the analysis is collected from Social Enterprise Promotion Agency. The results of anaylsis are first social value realization efforts had no positive effect on economic outcome of the social enterprises. But social outcome had a significant mediating effect between social value realization efforts and economic outcome. Through this, it was confirmed that although a social enterprise is a hybrid organization that must pursue both social and economic outcome, social value realization efforts go through a social outcome that affects economic outcome. mediating social performance This is expected to have implications for the role of social value realization efforts and social outcome in order to increase the economic outcome of social enterprises.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.377-393
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• 2022

This study aims to identify the effect of growth of the land transportation industry on economic growth and to provide implications for Korea's metropolitan region policy. The effect of each metropolitan region on the integrated region where each metropolitan region is integrated is as follows. First, The integrated region where each metropolitan region was integrated with the Southeast region and the Daegyeong region had the greatest economic growth effect due to the growth of the land transportation industry in terms of value added, but the effect of the integrated region with the Chungcheong region was the least. In the case of capital such as roads, the integrated metropolitan regions with the Chungcheong region showed the greatest economic effect. However, the impact of the integrated regions with Jeolla region and the Seoul metropolitan region is insignificant. These results suggest that the synergy effect of metropolitan regional integration by spillover effect such as networks should be considered in the land transportation industry policy.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Prior literature has posited that the sport industry has been effective method to drive the economic growth. Given the rationale, this study sets China as a research object with a quarterly data from the first quarter of 2003 to the fourth quarter of 2017 to explore how the sport industry affects economic growth. This study employed Johansen cointegration test and dynamic ordinary least squares as methods for an empirical analysis. The input of sport industry, the labor input, the capital input, and the economic growth are used as research variables. The results show that there is a long-run relationship among them. Johansen cointegration test's estimation indicated that 1% increase in the input of sport industry will lead to 0.064% increase in economic growth. Dynamic ordinary least squares' estimation showed that whenever in the one lead, in the one lag and in the present period, the input of sport industry always poses a positive effect on economic growth. Labor input also has a positive effect on economic growth. The capital input has a negative effect on economic growth. Finally, even though the input of sport industry has a positive effect on economic growth, its impact on economic growth is relative weak.