• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.55-98
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• 2003

This paper examines the hypothesis that states consolidation and concentration within Korean banking industry have impaired competition and escalated market power of banks. Competition is measured using Bresnahan-Lau method, which estimates a structural model consisting of a demand function and a supply function of banking services, based on aggregate monthly data of January 1996 to December 2002. Estimations indicate that pricing behavior of Korean banks during the period is consistent with perfect competition, and they behave more competitively even after the increase in concentration ratio. The results imply that, contrary to the concerns over the potential for monopoly power, bank competition may not be damaged by the consolidation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.92-98
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• 1999

Interpersonal trust is the mutual "faithfulness" on which all social relationship ultimately depend and applicable to the relations among people rather than to their psychological states taken individually. Recent development in the organizational sciences reflect the importance of interpersonal trust relationships for sustaining individual and organizational effectiveness, researchers have recongnized trust's influence on coordination and control at both institutional and interpersonal levels of organization. Because economic action is embeded within networks of social relationships. researchers have argued that efficiency within complex systems of coordinated action is only possible when interdependent actors work together effectively. Thus, for managers and professionals in organizations, developing and maintaining trust relationship is especially import. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the mechanism of interpersonal trust in the organization. Especially, the major concern of this study is to verify role of interpersonal trust in the member's task behaviork behavior

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.131-139
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was carried out to understand the degree of moral distress of nurses and to provide scientific data for searching measures to efficiently manage their moral distress. Method: The survey was conducted with 302 nurses at the general hospital in City D by using the self-report type of questionnaire composed of 66 questions of 5-point Likert scale in four dimensions. Result: The mean scores of moral distress of nurses showed higher than average in all four dimensions: $80.54{\pm}14.82$ of 150 in the situational dimension, $52.99{\pm}9.98$ of 90 in the cognitive dimension, $13.30{\pm}2.85$ of 25 in the behavioral dimension, and $48.06{\pm}7.76$ of 65 in the emotional dimension. In addition, moral stress of each factor in the situational area showed $34.20{\pm}7.27$ in negative medical behavior, $10.98{\pm}2.53$ in lack of respect for autonomy of patients, excessive economic burden $10.86{\pm}2.94$, $7.40{\pm}1.89$ in irrational organizational administration and $17.10{\pm}3.50$ in negative nursing behavior. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop the intervention program to help nurses to reduce their moral distress since its degree showed considerably high.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.389-396
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• 1999

In this study compressive and tensile load tests have been performed to investigate reinforcing effect and load transfer mechanism of small diameter piles installed in the foundation soil for the marine suspension bridge. Load tests were carried out on steel plate with diameters of 50cm, 100cm and 150cm varying loads starting from 39 tons up to 314 tons. Small diameter piles were proved to behavior like as friction piles and loads were not transmitted to the bottom of piles. From pull-out tests, the uplift capacity of small diameter piles was largely influenced by reinforcing materials compared to frictional resistance between piles and adjacent soils. The bearing capacity of small diameter piles appeared to be higher than the ultimate bearing capacity evaluated using static formulae. The load carrying capacity of small diameter piles was superior to the bored piles with a similar size. Thus, ultimate bearing capacity estimated from static formulae can provide conservative designs and thereby resulting in economic disadvantages. A further study to accumulate data regarding various soil conditions is recommended for an improved estimation of bearing capacity of piles with small diameter.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.135-146
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• 2012

This study aims to analyze the preference of jacket design, practical factors regarding jacket-wearing and purchasing behavior for korean baby- boom generation women. The results are as follows: 1. According to the outfit preference survey, the silhouette most preferred by female baby boomers is the "X-line Silhouette", "hip length", "slightly fitted and well fitted". The preferred jacket colors for different seasons were grey and beige for spring, white and light yellow for summer, khaki and brown for fall and black and dark grey for winter. 2. According to the survey on factors to consider when purchasing jackets, 52% indicated that they "almost never" or "occasionally" had their jackets repaired after purchasing them. When purchasing jackets, the highest expected effect of looking younger by wearing a jacket was "looking 4-5 years younger". 3. According to the survey on price demands, the average purchase price for jackets was 160,000~200,000 won (27.80%) followed by 210,000~350,000 won (25.64%) and a significant difference existed based on the purchasers' economic activities.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.19-28
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• 2016

Social costs analysis seeks to reveal the environmental effects of transportation policy. It delivers a sense of the effects of the public's daily travel and the costs that are or would be incurred from individual trips. Moreover, the accumulated total number of trips will uncover the effects of travel on society. This article shows the quantitative analysis of the economic outcomes of travel using social costs estimation methods. In order to support urban planning tasks, this research implemented analysis tool for social costs estimation by travel behavior. For a case study, a jave based application which can convert people's trip data into social costs is developed. the application used for simulating student-housing effects by estimating social costs changes. The analysis included the attributes, building scale and locational changes of the student housing as well as transforms of the students' trips.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.5
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

Within globalization of fashion business Korean culture is affecting fashion business. Although Korean culture is creating new content and economic value presently, the research on Korean fashion culture has been limited. Therefore, this study has identified attributes influencing cognitive, affective response as well as consumer preference and purchase towards contemporary Korean culture clothing. This study aims to do the following: (1) examine the effect of the identified contemporary cultural apparel product attributes on cognitive, affective response (2) Analyze the effect of cognitive, affective response on preference and purchase intention (3) Determine the relationship between preference and purchase intention. This study result defines the importance of studying contemporary cultural apparel product attributes for better fashion marketing business in the fashion and cultural field to attract consumers.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.13-26
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• 2000

It is really hard for the material factors to basically improve quality of life, since it is the only partial means of the survival and activity of life. Development of Eigen Shin-Tou-Jil(Proper Body·Earth materials), therefore, must be concentrated on providing man with essential meaning of life, not with simply economic advantage. Eigen Shin-Tou-Jil(Proper Body·Earth materials) which is formed through long passage of time in the original environments that include the climate and nature features of a special region, the representative examples are like Korea Bong-sam(a kind of genseng) of Yellow Earth etc. Unfolding the Eigen Shin-Tou-Jil(Proper Body·Earth materials) by the Algorithm of Human-ware means the development for manifesting individual eigen motives and traits as subject of behavior(Gene-ware). It is because all plants, animals, inanimate objects, including Human, have evolved with their own values in the ecosystem. It was reported that a Baeksong(white pine tree), grown well up in TongEeDong, Seoul, Korea had rarely grown up during the period suppressed by Japan. By the developments of Bio-Engineering, we also found that 40% of gene base sequence of C. Elegance(a kind of worm) is identical to that of characteristic Human. In this reason, through considering common characteristics between Human and Nature, the developments of Eigen Shin-Tou-Jil(Proper Body·Earth materials) must begin with epoch for manifesting and understanding individual's Eigen motives and traits as subject of behavior(Gene-ware)

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.190-202
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• 2009

With the increasing demand for blasting demolition in urban areas, the simulation of structural collapse prior to the real blasting operation is a key process for ensuring the success and safety of the blasting demolition. The simulation of collapsing behavior of a structure is not only vital for preventing unexpected economic loss and casualties, but also helpful in minimizing public claims by precisely estimating the environmental impact resulting from the operation. This study proposes a new technique for simulation of a blast demolition using FEM based LS-DYNA codes. The technique tries to simplify the complex arrangement of reinforcing bars, and use the actual properties of the concrete and steel reinforcing bars, thereby improving the overall capability of the simulation to match well with the collapsing behavior of real-scale structures.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.3-10
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• 1999

Earthquake resistant R/C frame structures are generally designed to prevent the columns from plastic hinging. R/C columns under higher axial load or strong earthquake showed a brittle behavior due to the deterioration of strength and stiffness degradation. An experimental study was conducted to examine the behavior and to find the relationship between amounts of lateral reinforcements and compressive strength of ten R/C column specimens subjected to reversed cyclic lateral load and higher axial load. Test results are follows : An increase in the amount of lateral reinforcement results in a significant improvement in both ductility and energy dissipation capacities of columns. R/C columns with sub-tie provide the improved ductility capacity than those with closely spaced lateral reinforcement only. While the load resisting capacity of the high strength R/C columns is higher than the normal strength concrete columns under both an identical ratio of lateral reinforcement, however the ductility capacity of high strength R/C columns is decreased considerably. Therefore, the amounts of lateral reinforcement must be designed carefully to secure the sufficient ductility and economic design of HSC columns under higher axial load.