• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2017

고셔병은 리소좀축적병으로 lysosomal hydrolase glucocerebrosidase 결여로 간비장비대, 골격계 증상, 빈혈, 혈소판 감소증의 증상을 나타내는 드문 상염색체 유전 질환이다. 본 증례에서는 2세 여아에서 간비장비대, 다리 통증, 성장부진이 관찰되어 시행한 단순 방사선 촬영 검사에 Erlenmeyer flask 변형을 확인하여 고셔병을 의심하였고 효소 분석 및 유전자 검사를 통해 확진하였다. 환아에서 한국인 비신경형 고셔병에서만 관찰되는 G46E 돌연변이를 확인하였고 1년 간의 효소 대체 요법을 통해 성장, 혈액학적 지표, 간비장비대 및 골증상의 호전을 확인하였기에 본 증례를 보고하는 바이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9773-9779
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• 2014

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the prime causes of mortality around the globe, with a significantly rising incidence in the Middle East region in recent decades. Since detection of CRC in the early stages is an important issue, and also since to date there are no comprehensive epidemiologic studies depicting the Middle East region with special attention to the average risk group, further investigation is of significant necessity in this regard. Aim: Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the colon in an average risk population. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,208 eligible asymptomatic, average- risk adults older than 40 years of age, referred to Firuzgar Hospotal in the years 2008-2012, were enrolled. They underwent colonoscopy screening and all polypoid lesions were removed and examined by an expert gastrointestinal pathologist. The lesions were classified by size, location, numbers and pathologic findings. Size of lesions was measured objectively by endoscopists. Results: The mean age of participants was $56.5{\pm}9.59$ and 51.6% were male. The overall polyp detection rate was 199/1208 (16.5 %), 26 subjects having non-neoplastic polyps, including hyperplastic lesions, and 173/1208 (14.3%) having neoplastic polyps, of which 26 (2.15%) were advanced neoplasms. The prevalence of colorectal neoplasia was more common among the 50-59 age group. Advanced adenoma was more frequent among the 60-69 age group. The majority of adenomas were detected in the distal colon, but a quarter of advanced adenomas were found in the proximal colon; advance age and male gender was associated with the presence of adenoma. Conclusions: It seems that CRC screening among average-risk population might be recommended in countries such as Iran. However, sigmioidoscopy alone would miss many colorectal adenomas. Furthermore, the 50-59 age group could be considered as an appropriate target population for this purpose in Iran.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2013

목적: 면역글로불린A(IgA) 신증은 다양한 임상양상을 보이는 가장 흔한 원발성 사구체 신염으로, 적극적인 치료로서 단백뇨와 사구체손상을 줄여야한다. 저자들은 학교 집단 요검사를 통해 진단된 IgA 신증의 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: ${\bigcirc\bigcirc}$대학교병원 소아청소년과에서 조직검사를 받고 IgA 신증으로 진단받은 환자 64명을 내원 당시의 증상 유무에 따라 두 군으로 나누어 후향적으로 연구하였다. 결과: 증상 없이 학교신검에 의해 진단된 37명과 혈뇨 등으로 내원하여 진단된 27명을 대상으로 하였다. 각 군의 평균 연령은 각각 $10.8{\pm}2.7$세 및 $9.5{\pm}3.4$세였고, 각 군 모두에서 남아가 많았다. 증상 발현 후 내원까지의 기간과 조직 검사까지의 기간은 증상군에서 더 짧았다. 임상 증상은 증상군에서 육안적 혈뇨(P<0.001)와 부종(P=0.008)이 더 많았다. 혈액검사에서 증상군의 백혈구 수가(P=0.007) 많았고, 혈색소 값은(P=0.007) 더 낮았으며 BUN과 크레아티닌 값은 차이가 없었다. 혈청 알부민 값은 증상군에서 학교신검군에 비해 더 낮았고(P=0.006), 두 군에서 치료기간은 차이가 없었고, 치료약제는 ACEI가 가장 많았다. 전체 환아군을 대상으로 광학적 신조직 검사분석 시, 육안적 혈뇨기왕력이 있는 군에서 없는 군에 비해 좀 더 심한 병변을 보였으며, 단백뇨의 중증도와 병변의 중증도와는 상관이 있었다. 결론: 학교신검군 및 증상군 모두 조기 진단된 IgA 신증으로 임상적 및 조직학적인 큰 차이를 볼 수 없었다. 학교신검은 조기에 IgA 신증을 선별하는데 유용하지만, 조기진단이 치료나 예후에 어떤 영향을 주는지는 향후 보다 많은 대상자들의 장기간 추적관찰이 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.607-613
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• 2016

The pleura is known as an end target organ of exposure to toxic environmental materials such as fine particulate matter and asbestos. Moreover, long-term exposure to hazardous materials can eventually lead to fatal lung disease such as diffuse pleural fibrosis or mesothelioma. Chest computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound are gold standard imaging modalities for detection of advanced pleural disease. However, a diagnostic tool for early detection of pleural reaction has not been developed yet due to difficulties in imaging ultra-fine structure of the pleura. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), which provides cross-sectional images of micro tissue structures at a resolution of 2-10 μm, can image the mesothelium with a thickness of ~100 μm and therefore enables investigation of the early pleural reaction. In this study, we induced the early pleural reaction according to a time sequence after pleurodesis using talc, which has been widely used in the clinical field. The pleural reaction in talc grouped according to the time sequence (1st, 2nd, 4th weeks) showed a significant thickening (average thickness: 45 ± 7.5 μm, 80 ± 10.7 μm, 90 ± 12.5 μm), while the pleural reaction in sham and normal groups showed pleural change from normal to minimal thickening (average thickness: 16 ± 5.5 μm, 17 ± 4.5 μm, 15 ± 6.5 μm, and 12 ± 7.5 μm, 13 ± 2.5 μm, 12 ± 3.5 μm). The measurement of pleural reaction by pathologic examinations was well-matched with the measurement by OCT images. This is the first study for measuring the thickness of pleural reactions using a biophotonic modality such as OCT. Our results showed that OCT can be useful for evaluating the early pleural reaction.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.235-242
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• 1993

In the early stage of sacroilitis, it is'difficult to detect sacroiliac(Sl) abnormalities by conventional plain X-ray even though there are characteristic symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis. 3 dimensional volume rendering from the CT image was performed to make an early de tection of the structural changes of Sl joint. 2 cases who had clinical impression of ankylosing spondylitis without sacroilitis in plane X-ray and 1 case of typical ankylosing spondylitis as well as 1 case of normal control were studied. The Sl Joints were separated and each joint surface of sacrum and ilium was independently reconstructed by a special 3D manipulation program. All 2 patiant who complained of inflammatory lower back pain with no abnormal findings in the plain X-ray showed structural changes in 3 dimensionally reconstructed surface Image of the Sl joint compared to the normal control. Authors tried several parameters, such as fourler analysis of each surface and the mean and variance of Sl joint gap. We couldn't tell the statistical significance because of the limited number of cases. However, the parameters showed difference according to the progression of disease.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제42권sup1호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2008

Ovarian cancer is often fatal since it is difficult to diagnose early and recurrence is quite frequent despite successful implementation of cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy, thus exact diagnosis and early detection of recurrence are crucial to patient management. For pre-treatment staging, FDG PET could be helpful in a limited patient group possessing high risks of ovarian cancer. Besides, FDG PET could be recommended to patients with a high suspicion of recurrence i.e. rise of CA-125, especially in cases of conventional diagnostic imaging modalities presenting no evidence of disease because FDG PET provides critical information for treatment planning such as recurrence site or pattern. In order to expand the use of FDG PET to general population at staging or routine surveillance of ovarian cancer, more investigation is needed. The usefulness of FDG PET in evaluating treatment response and prognosis of ovarian cancer has not yet been determined, but it has been reported that FDG PET could evaluate treatment response early and show a close relationship with overall survival. PET/CT has been actively adopted in management of ovarian cancer. Not only in detecting tumor recurrence and evaluating treatment response but also in pre-treatment staging, FDG PET/CT is expected to playa role due to available anatomical information.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1765-1770
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• 2015

Background: Oral cancer presents with high mortality rates, and the likelihood of survival is remarkably superior when detected early. Health care providers, particularly dentists, play a critical role in early detection of oral cancers and should be knowledgeable and skillful in oral cancer diagnosis. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to assess the current knowledge of future Yemeni dentists and their opinions on oral cancer. Materials and Methods: A pretested self-administered questionnaire was distributed to fourth and fifth year dental students. Questions relating to knowledge of oral cancer, risk factors, and opinions on oral cancer prevention and practices were posed. Results: The response rate was 80%. The vast majority of students identified smoking and smokeless tobacco as the major risk factors for oral cancer. Most of the students (92.6%) knew that squamous cell carcinoma is the most common form of oral cancer, and 85.3% were aware that tongue and floor of the mouth are the most likely sites. While the majority showed willingness to advise their patients on risk factors, only 40% felt adequately trained to provide such advice. More than 85% of students admitted that they need further information regarding oral cancer. As expected, students of the final year appeared slightly more knowledgeable regarding risk factors and clinical features of the disease. Conclusions: The findings of the present study suggest that here is a need to reinforce the undergraduate dental curriculum with regards to oral cancer education, particularly in its prevention and early detection.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2023

The alarming global prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has catalyzed an urgent need for robust, early diagnostic methodologies. This study unveils a pioneering approach to predicting T2DM, employing the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm, renowned for its predictive accuracy and computational efficiency. The investigation harnesses a meticulously curated dataset of 4303 samples, extracted from a comprehensive Chinese research study, scrupulously aligned with the World Health Organization's indicators and standards. The dataset encapsulates a multifaceted spectrum of clinical, demographic, and lifestyle attributes. Through an intricate process of hyperparameter optimization, the XGBoost model exhibited an unparalleled best score, elucidating a distinctive combination of parameters such as a learning rate of 0.1, max depth of 3, 150 estimators, and specific colsample strategies. The model's validation accuracy of 0.957, coupled with a sensitivity of 0.9898 and specificity of 0.8897, underlines its robustness in classifying T2DM. A detailed analysis of the confusion matrix further substantiated the model's diagnostic prowess, with an F1-score of 0.9308, illustrating its balanced performance in true positive and negative classifications. The precision and recall metrics provided nuanced insights into the model's ability to minimize false predictions, thereby enhancing its clinical applicability. The research findings not only underline the remarkable efficacy of XGBoost in T2DM prediction but also contribute to the burgeoning field of machine learning applications in personalized healthcare. By elucidating a novel paradigm that accentuates the synergistic integration of multifaceted clinical parameters, this study fosters a promising avenue for precise early detection, risk stratification, and patient-centric intervention in diabetes care. The research serves as a beacon, inspiring further exploration and innovation in leveraging advanced analytical techniques for transformative impacts on predictive diagnostics and chronic disease management.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2000

반추수에서 발생하는 Johne병의 조기 진단 방법을 제시하고 이 질병의 원인체와 미생물학적 특징 이 유사한 M. bovis, M. avium 등의 mycobacteria 감염증을 감별 진단하는 방법 을 개발하기 위하여 Mycobacterium 균속의 표준균주를 사용하여 중합효소 연쇄반응을 확립하였다. Johne병으로 의심되는 소의 혈액과 유즙을 채취하여 분리한 단핵구 및 거식세포로부터 genomic DNA를 추출하였다. 각 시료로부터 추출한 DNA를 template로 이용하여 Mycobacterium spp.에 특이적인 16S rDNA primer set를 이용한 PCR을 수행하여 시료내의 mycobacterial DNA 보유 여부를 확인하였다. 한편 mycobacteria 양성으로 확인된 시료는 M. avium complex 균종에 특이한 16S rDNA 염기서열을 기초로 하여 제작한 primer set와 M. paratuberculosis의 IS900 sequence에 특이한 primer set를 이용하여 duplex PCR을 수행하여 Johne병 원인체의 보균 여부를 조사하였으며, 이 결과를 oligonucleotide probe를 사용한 Southern blot hybridization을 통하여 다시 확인하였다. 이와 같은 duplex PCR기법을 실제 축산 현장에서 수집한 유즙과 말초혈액으로부터 분리한 단핵구 및 거식세포 시료에 적용한 결과 본 연구에서 확립한 duplex PCR기법 유용성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제102권4호
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• pp.499-505
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• 2013

소나무재선충병(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)은 한국, 일본, 그리고 중국과 같은 동아시아의 소나무류 산림에 심각한 피해를 유발시킨다. 재선충병에 의한 병해는 그 치료방법이 훈증, 소각외에는 거의 없기 때문에 감염목을 조기 탐지하여 그 피해가 주변 임목 및 임분에 확산되지 않도록 하는 것이 최선책이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 소나무재선충병 감염목과 비감염목의 분광반사율을 주기적으로 측정하여 감염목의 분광반사 특성을 구명하였다. 이를 위하여, 6월에서 10월까지 GER3700 spectroradiometer를 이용하여 감염목과 비감염목의 400 nm~2,500 nm 파장대의 분광반사값을 측정하였다. 측정된 값의 noise를 보정하기 위하여 cubic spline 보간법을 사용하였다. 그 결과, 대부분의 감염목들은 재선충 주입 후 2개월 이내에 적색(600 nm~700 nm) 그리고 중적외선(1,400 nm~1,500 nm) 파장대에서 분광반사값의 변화를 보였으나, 비감염목들의 분광반사값은 어느 파장대에서도 특별한 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 시기별로 감염목과 비감염목의 분광반사값 변화를 통계적으로 비교해 본 결과, 소나무재선충 주입 2달 후 적색 파장대역과 중적외선 파장대역에서 가장 빠르게 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으나(p<0.05), 근적외선 파장대역에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p>0.05). 따라서 적색과 중적외선 파장대역에서의 분광반사율 변화를 통해 소나무재선충병 감염목의 조기 탐지가 가능한 것으로 판단되었다.