• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1394-1401
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 12 wk of aerobic exercise on lipid profiles, antioxidant enzyme activities, oxidative products, and autonomic nervous activity (ANA) in children with obesity. We studied 16 children with obesity and 19 age-matched normal weight controls over a period of 12 wk, during which time moderate intense running exercise was performed. Measurements included peak oxygen uptake, body composition, blood lipid profiles, ox-LDL, 8-OHdG, SOD, GPx activities, total mRNA, and ANA. There were no differences in body weight between periods in the OW group, but body weight increased after 12 wk in OR and CO groups. There were no differences in WHR between periods in the OR and CO groups, but the WHR values decreased after 12 weeks in the OW group. In the obese group, the baseline TG was higher than in the controls (p<0.05), while the ANA level was lower. There were differences in antioxidant enzyme gene expressions between periods in all groups. In conclusion, oxidative damage and antioxidant enzyme activities in obese children were found to be similar to those of normal weight children. However, TG was higher and ANA was lower in obese children than in normal weight children. These results indicated that increased TG and decreased ANA levels begins in childhood in obese patients. Also, regular aerobic exercise may modify the antioxidant enzyme gene expression in early life.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2018

In this study, we developed a smart 1RM system for national health management and physical fitness, which enables quantitative 1RM measurement in various types of exercise using digital pulley technology, and to test the effect on training by using it. We developed the smart 1RM system, which is composed of portable muscle strength measuring device, Bluetooth communication based mobile phone data transmission and circuit diagram, and height adjustable system body. We recruited the 30 participants with 20th aged and divided into training and non-performing groups with 15 participants randomly. The participants performed 5 sets of elbow, lumbar, knee extension / flexion 10 times using smart 1RM system and the experimental period was 3 days a week for a total of 8 weeks. The experimental results showed that the maximum strength of the elbow, lumbar, and knee joints was significantly improved before and after maximal muscle strength training in the training group. Oxygen intakes during 1RM exercise mode showed 10.91% than endurance. To verify the validity of the smart 1RM maximal strength data, the reliability was 0.895 (* p <0.00). This study can be applied to the early rehabilitation treatment of the elderly and rehabilitation patients more quantitatively using the national health care.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.495-500
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• 2020

As the prevention of dementia is more important than the treatment after the onset, attention has focused on the prevention of dementia in the elderly. For this study based on 11 integrated programs, we analyzed the domestic research trends of dementia prevention programs for the elderly from 2000 to 2018 in the study of Yang Su-gyeong, Ko Bo-sook, and Park Jeong-hwan (2019) We reviewed the literature research on the elderly's dementia prevention program centered on play. By activity type, music, language, and physical activity were 4 (40.0%), respectively, and games, art, and work were 3 (30.0%), respectively. Dance, literature, traditional play, and recreation were 2 (20.0%), and yoga and life were 1 (10.0%), respectively. In this study, for the purpose of exploring the possibility of using the contents of early childhood education in the elderly dementia prevention program, play shows very positive aspects such as physical exercise ability, positive emotions, and emotional characteristics for the elderly. It is considered that if dementia prevention programs are developed using the contents of early childhood education for the elderly, they will be able to utilize leisure time positively while providing continuous services and maintaining group experiences and mental health.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.331-355
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of parents with preschoolers about multiple-intelligence education programs, the state of their multiple-intelligence education and their needs. This was done in an effort to provide information on the successful utilization of early childhood multiple-intelligence programs, as parents exercise a great influence on the development of early childhood multiple intelligences. The subjects in this study were 350 parents of preschoolers in six different kindergartens located in the city of Busan, on whom a survey was conducted. The findings of the study were as follows: first, as for the awareness of the parents of the preschoolers on multiple-intelligence education, they placed an importance on that education in general. Second, concerning the state of their multiple-intelligence education, there was a strong tendency for them to rely on early childhood education institutions and study aids produced by relevant companies to foster the strength of their children. Third, regarding a time for early childhood multiple- intelligence education, they considered it advisable for preschoolers to start to receive that education at the Western age of 2 to 7, and they preferred teachers who had a good understanding of the psychology and needs of preschoolers. The parents wanted their children to receive that education, and hoped to receive parent education about it.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.74-83
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• 2017

The recently introduced public rental housing REITs was just different the business structure from the existing public rental housing system and the basic supply system is the same. So the ownership conversion for public house over 10 years rental duration is possible after half of the obligated rental duration according to the agreement between lessor and lessee. However rental business operators are likely to have a negative attitude to the early ownership conversion because of less expected profit. Thus, there is a need for an analysis of proper early ownership conversion moment that can achieve public purposes while ensuring the profitability of public rental housing REITs. In this study, the characteristics of the ownership conversion rights that can lessee to exercise considered to be options. Also the nature of 'REITs', 'public rental housing REITs' is considered to be affected by the macroeconomic variables. Thus, this study analyzed the value for ownership conversion in the public rental housing REITs according to real option scenarios reflecting macroeconomic variables. As a result, according to the change of the variation rate of the macroeconomic variables, it was found that with adjustable early ownership conversion time using the DCF(Discounted Cash Flow) model. Therefore, it is possible to ensure profitability of early ownership conversion by predicting the variation of variables.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.36
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• pp.265-299
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• 2009

The Great Learning is an essential scripture of Confucianism that has had great influence on the politics, thoughts, society and culture of the East Asia which contains Korea, Japan and China. In case of Japan, the doctrine of Toegye(退溪) is flown into pre-Tokugawa era, and as the doctrine of Zhu Xi(朱熹) exercise influences over the other thoughts, the importance of the Great Learning is embossed relatively in Tokugawa era. The characteristic of Japanese confucianism of Tokugawa era is to lay weight on real world as such, and the Japanese confucianism has grown up academically centers on exhaustive reinterpretation about some Confucian classics. And Backho-Yoon Hyu(白湖 尹?), Seokye-Park Sedang(西溪 朴世堂) who lived in 17th century of Joseon dynasty attempt new interpretation about the Great Learning and they have an objection to the explanatory notes of Zhu Xi. In the same period of China, there are similar academic trends around Whang Jong Hi(黃宗羲), Ko Yeom Mu(顧炎武), Wang Fu Chi(王夫之). In other words, new views of real scholarship which reject emptiness and put much value on reality were current of thoughts that have been common to the oriental three countries in early and middle 17th century. The main object of this paper is to understand the attitude and understanding about the Confucian classics especially the Great Learning of the scholars who lived in early and middle Tokugawa era. It will be a decisive clue to understand the ninucture of thoughts system of them. Through these work, we understand how it has had influenced to thinking-ninucture and lives of the Japanese. And the other purpose of this paper is to understand characteristics of them when we compare that vking-ninucture and lives of the Japanese Confuciang-ninearly and middle Tokugawa era with in the same period of Jeseon and the later Ming(明) and early Ching(淸) dynasty.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2006

Purpose: To investigate the early results of limited open repair technique of Achilles tendon ruptures, and to describe the surgical technique. Materials and Methods: From October 2004 to February 2005, a total of 10 patients with Achilles tendon rupture underwent limited open repair. The average age of the patients was 39.3 years, and the average follow-up period was 9 months. The causes of injury were sports injuries in 8 cases, and slip down in 2. The mean interval between the injury and the operation was 9 days. The clinical results were assessed by patient's satisfaction, incision length, hospitalization, the ankle-hindfoot scale of American Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS), and complications. Results: Of 10 patients, 8 were very satisfied, and the remaining 2 were satisfied. The mean incision length was 2.0 cm, and the mean hospitalization was 2 days. The mean AOFAS score was 97 points, and there was no complications such as infection, rerupture, or nerve injury. All patients returned to work at approximately 2 months, and resumed light exercise such as jogging at approximately 3 months. Conclusion: Limited open repair technique of Achilles tendon ruptures is provided for better cosmetic results, high patient's satisfaction, and functionally successful results without postoperative complications.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.111-127
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• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the relationships between children's physical growth and health and their raising conditions and to find out the important conditions to improve their physical growth and health. The rasing conditions were classified into three major parts; i. e., family conditions, conditions of nutrition up-taking, and conditions of rest or sleep and exercise or play. Then, the questionnaire including the items to survey these three areas of raising condition and the items to evaluate the health status were given to children' mothers or fathers and filled up by them. The data of their 4 anthropometric measures; body weight, stature, sitting height and chest girth, were also collected from their latest records of health examination. The data of health status were converted to health scores representing 6 domains of health; digestive organs, respiratory organs, auto-nerve systems, fatigue, others and health as a whole. Then, correlations of raising conditions were determined with four antropometric measures and 6 health scores as criterion variables. Then, number of families to live together, and child's birth order in the domain of family conditions, habits of unbalanced diet, eating frequency of eggs, fruits, green and yellow vegetables, light colored vegetables, milk products in the domain of nutrition up-take, and the time for study at home, the place for play, the number of friends to play with together, the hours for playing out of door, the hours for playing sports, and the hours to move their body for assisting house keeping were picked out to investigate their relationships with physical growth and health status. Then, their habits of unbalanced diet and eating frequency of eggs, green or yellow colored vegetables, and milk products were found more influential conditions and more over, birth order, the time for study at home, the time to play out of door showed moderate degree of connection with physical growth and health status in early childhood.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3829-3833
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• 2012

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the practice and associated factors of breast self-examination (BSE) among Malaysian women. Methods: For this cross-sectional study 250 women were selected by a simple random sampling technique. The questionnaire was consisted of three parts: socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge about BSE, and practice of BSE. Obtained data was analyzed using SPSS version 13. T-test and ANOVA test were used to explore the relation between socio-demographic characteristics and the practice of BSE. Results: About 32% of the participants reported that they have had family history of cancer and about 20% of the participants reported that they have had family history of breast cancer. The majority of the participants (88.8%) have heard about breast cancer and 78.4% of the participants have heard about BSE. Race, marital status, residency, regular exercise, awareness about breast cancer, belief that breast cancer can be detected early, belief that early detection improves the chance of survival, family history of cancer, family history of breast cancer, awareness about BSE, and belief that BSE is necessary, significantly influenced the practice of BSE among women. Practice of BSE on monthly basis was found to be 47.2% among the study participants. Conclusions: The socio-demographic characteristics significantly influence the practice of BSA among women in Malaysia. The findings of this study might not only influence the planning of specific screening interventions and strategies in Malaysia but might also be important for the relevant international communities, interested in the peculiarities of BSE incidence in different countries.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.547-553
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• 2001

This study was designed to observe the change of body composition and nutrient metabolites and the excretion of minerals during complete fasting for 10 days in thirty women. Average loss of body weight was 7.98kg and body fat was gradually reduced after 9 days fasting, but the loss of lean body mass was reduced after 7 days fasting. Serum glucose level was sustained at constant level, but serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, free acid and $\beta$-hydroxybutyrate were significantly increased during fasting but decreased after re-feeding. Urinary excretions of 3-methylhistidine, total creatinine, and urea were high in the beginning of fasting but gradually decreased. Serum level of parathyroid hormone was significantly reduced by fasting but regained after re-feeding. Serum level of minerals was at the constant level throughout the experimental period. The urinary excretion of minerals(Ca, K, Mg, P) was significantly increased in the early stage of fasting and then reduced from 7 days, but the excretion of Zn was continuously increased until the late stage of fasting. These results showed that amino acid fatty acid released from the breakdown of muscle protein and body fat, respectively, were utilized for energy during fasting. Body weight and BMI were reduced because of the increased muscle protein breakdown and body water excretion during early stage of fasting, but the significant body fat loss was after 9 days fasting. Therefore, it could be suggested to fast for longer than 10 days if the reduction of body fat was planned by fasting, and recommed to exercise and ingest more vitamins and minerals to replace the excreted minerals during fasting. (Korean J Nutrition 34(5) : 547~553, 2001)