• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.124-134
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• 2011

The space has been interpreted from various perspectives, such as hierarchical, cultural, economic, political factors, etc. So we can see the space as a social existence. Space is now being formed through the dialectical relations of these elements. From this point of view, this study started to research the spatial practice of morden people through the case in the early 20th century film. With the discourse of Henri Lefebvre and David Harvey, and Michel de Certeau's theory, this research tried to find the mechanisms of spatial practice. Also Benjamin is a philosopher who intervenes the relationship between modernity and cultural production and his way of reading cultural phenomena seems to serve as the useful methodology of cultural studies. Modern people were individual unawared of the era, awakened to the ego. They were wandering the room and the street, private and public places. They were city dwellers walking around, collecting goods, and living of everyday life. Spatial practice is a fixed activity and have continuity. spatial practice appeared in the early 20th century film is at the intersection of social practices and the practice of everyday life. Social practices are a fixed practice and continuous practice. The practices of everyday life are nomadic practice and amusable practice. Modern people accommodate and adapt to a given space of the city through fixed practice. They realizes the access and the distance from spaces through continuous practice. They select and approved the spaces through nomadic practice. And they possess exclusively and utilize the spaces through amusable practice. Through These research spatial practices, it could easily found similarities and differences between modern space on the early 20th century and contemporary space of 21st century. True modern is not the past but the present.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.197-205
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• 2015

Recently in most homes, children are mostly cared in early childhood education facilities. However, the increased number of safety accidents on children cared in such facilities has become a social issue. For that, the purpose of this study is to suggest interior environmental planning elements to improve safety level of early childhood education facilities. This study was carried out by performing literature review analysis and survey. First, in total of 42 environmental planning elements that can be applied domestically were derived from analyzing safety related guidelines for children facilities located both domestically and internationally then a survey was carried out targeted for teachers and staffs in the facilities on importance of the factors. The results of this study are as followings. First, it is required to intensify the level of safety related training for teachers and staffs in the facilities including better treatment for them. Second, the necessity of safety environment by each space in such facilities is required to be approached upon the level of child activities. Third, facilities planning and finalizing planning are important for improving safety of early childhood education facilities. Forth, from factor analysis on the extracted environmental planning elements that are considered as important by the teachers from both day care centers and kindergartens, they were categorized in 5 groups including 'collision and fall prevention plan', 'physical characteristic consideration plan', 'evacuation safety plan', 'lock security plan' and 'outer control plan'. It is fair to say that constructing a better safety environment for children can be achieved by the environmental planning factors by this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.147-168
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• 2017

This study examines the types and characteristics of women's garments excavated in the early Joseon Dynasty before 1592. The study sorts out headgear, jacket, skirt and trousers, and coats from the historical texts in the early Joseon Dynasty and excavated women's wears in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and analyzes their textiles and patterns. The Joseon women's garments convey several features. They are wide across the chest and square shaped collar with virtually straight sleeves. While their breast-ties are extremely little for the size of clothes, they do not have any inner-tie. They have broad and short dongjeongs which seem to be hard to be adjusted. There are a variety of headgear. Jang-Jeogori slit down in both sides. The Jeogori after the seventeenth century transformed a more practical form of a fitting dress to an individual body in comparison with the sixteenth jeogori. It is identified that the fabrics in the early Joseon period were woven more diversely and colorfully than the late Joseon period. Most of the excavated fabrics in the sixteenth century were in silk. Materials for adornments before 1592 were not much diverse and their designs mostly contained patterns of lotus flowers, patterns of cloud and treasures with oblique lines. The colors are mainly brown, navy and green. The Joseon women's clothes were comprised of skirts with folded hem, coat with round collars, wide leg pants, Jangot, long-sleeved coat with folding collars, and quadrangular pieces of cloth in various sizes, or mu and so forth. Joseon women's clothes, like men's wears, partake of active functions in their headgears, wide leg pants, styles in short front and long back, and coat with round collars.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.207-211
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• 2008

The importance of cost management in early stage has been increasing due to market change and competition severence in construction industry. Because the adjustable budget is only 20% after finishing design stage, the critical decision is made in the early stage. However, in the early stage, the design information is not enough to make crucial decision. Therefore, this research suggests the predicting method on the purpose of accurate cost estimation. The parametric estimation is appropriate for the early stage, especially it has the strength of rapidity in cost estimation. This research analyzes 84 actual data of public apartment on the scale of $11{\sim}15$ stories, and then performs the correlation analysis between cost and influence factors. After eliminating the parameters which causes the problem of multicollinearity, this research derived the formula through the multi-regression analysis.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.243-260
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• 2020

Purpose - This paper aims to investigate the properties of crude oil based derivative security (DLS) focusing on step-down type for comprehensive understanding of its risk. Design/methodology/approach - Kernel estimation is conducted to figure out statistical feature of the process of oil price. We simulate oil price paths based on kernel estimation results and derive probabilities of hitting the barrier and early redemption. Findings - The amount of issuance for crude oil based DLS is relatively low when base prices are below $40 while it is high when base prices are around $60 or $100, which is not consistent with kernel estimation results showing that oil futures prices tend to revert toward $46.14 and the mean-reverting speed is faster as oil price is lower. The analysis based on simulated oil price paths reveals that probability of early redemption is below 50% for DLS with high base prices and the ratio of the probability of early redemption to the probability of hitting barrier is remarkably low compared to the case for DLS with low base prices, as the chance of early redemption is deferred. Research implications or Originality - Empirical results imply that the level of the base price is a crucial factor of the risk for DLS, thus introducing a time-varying knock-in barrier, which is similar to adjust the base price, merits consideration to enhance protection for DLS investors.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.91-99
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• 2010

There is a commonality between Frank Lloyd Wright and Charles Rennie Mackintosh in that they created the new patterns of geometric Art Nouveau from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This study compares the furniture of Wright and Mackintosh who had significant impacts on the development of modern design for each of the periods divided by their design feature to find the individualities and similarities of their design. It is an analytical approach with an accurate understanding of the design trends of the Art Nouveau era. The results of the furniture comparison are as follows: The finding is that Wright and Mackintosh designed creative furniture in harmony with a specific indoor space, Organic design was well expressed through the selection and use of wooden materials, Based on the understanding of tree characteristics, they did not use detailed decorations, but designed the simple and rigorous forms of furniture with highlighted interest in geometry. As for shape, Wright's furniture in his early days tend to be look largely formal and heavy. Since his debut in Japan in 1905, the furniture design became very sophisticated. On the other hand, Mackintosh's chairs are characterized by plenty of geometric patterns and long back. In many cases, his chairs were designed as part of formative elements in space, not for the purpose of furniture itself. As for materials and colors, Wright used mainly cherry wood. And he also utilized metals colored in olive green, red-brown and others for office furniture. The frames, fabrics and leather used for most of the furniture have natural colors, which are harmonious with spaces. Meantime, Mackintosh used primarily oak and ash trees. He used seat cushions and various colors to make the design of furniture have a sophisticated and simple image. The materials used for seat panel are horsehair, rush, silk and leather. He applied these materials to the furniture by weaving or cutting them.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.13-29
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• 2015

With the era of big data, the big data has been expected to have a large impact in the NPP safety areas. Although high interests of the big data for the NPP safety, only a limited researches concerning this issue are revealed. Especially, researches on the logical/physical structure and systematic design methods for the big data platform for the NPP safety were not dealt with. In this research, we design a new big data pilot platform for the NPP safety especially focusing on health monitoring and early warning services. For this, we propose a tailored design process based on SE approaches to manage inherent high complexities of the platform design. The proposed design process is consist of several steps from elicitate stakeholders to integration test via define operational concept and scenarios, and system requirements, design a conceptual functional architecture, select alternative physical modules for the derived functions and assess the applicability of the alternative modules, design a conceptual physical architecture, implement and integrate the physical modules. From the design process, this paper covers until the conceptual physical architecture design. In the following paper, the rest of the design process and results of the field test will be shown.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.1293-1294
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• 2012

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.89-101
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• 2005

Research on highly abstracted system modeling and simulation has received a great deal of attention as of the concept of platform based design is becoming ubiquitous. From a practical design point of view, such modeling and simulation must consider the following: (i) fast simulation speed and cycle accuracy, (ii) early availability for early stage software development, (iii) inter-operability with external tools for software development, and (iv) reusability of the models. Unfortunately, however, all of the previous works only partially addresses the requirements, due to the inherent conflicts among the requirements. The objective of this study is to develop a new system design methodology to effectively address the requirements mentioned above. We propose a new transaction-level system modeling methodology, called ViP (Virtual Platform). We propose a two-step approach in the ViP method. In phase 1, we create a ViP for early stage software development (before RTL freeze). The ViP created in this step provides high speed simulation, lower cycle accuracy with only minor modeling effort.(satisfying (ii)). In phase 2, we refine the ViP to increase the cycle accuracy for system performance analysis and software optimization (satisfying (i)). We also propose a systematic ViP modeling flow and unified interface scheme based on utilities developed for maximizing reusability and productivity (satisfying (ii) and (iv)) and finally, we demonstrate VChannel, a generic scheme to provide a connection between the ViP and the host-resident application software (satisfying (iii)). ViP had been applied to several System-on-a-chip (SoC) designs including mobile applications, enabling engineers to improve performance while reducing the software development time by 30% compared to traditional methods.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.32-43
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• 2011

This study investigate the transition about Japanese national costume kimono. The prototype of the present kimono is a kosode. The origin of kosode dates back to the mid-Heian period, when this type of kimono served as the everyday wear of commoners and an undergarment for court nobles, both men and women. In the Muromachi period, particularly after the Onin war, the kosode began to be by people of all classes. In the Muromachi period, kosode consisted mainly of woven textiles. In the Momoyama period, kosode became very elaborate, employing such various techniques as tie-dyeing, embroidery, metallic leaf(surihaku) and free-hand painting. These were further combined resulting in such techniques as tsujigahana dyeing and nuihaku, which are now considered to epitomize Momoyama-period textile design. A category of kosode of the early Edo period, known as Keicho kosode, is fashioned mainly from black, white, or red figured satin(rinzu), or from figured satin segmented in these three colors. Books of kosode designs began to be published in the Kambun era, when the merchant class was becoming economically powerful, kosode began to reflect its taste. During its final stage of development in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, yuzen dyeing achieved wide acceptance. From the late 18th century toward the early 19th century, kosode worn by the merchant class underwent drastic changes, while those worn by the samurai class changed little. In the after the late 18th century, clear differences in design and decorative methods appeared between the kosode worn by rich merchants and those worn by middle and lower class merchants.