• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.382-393
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• 2018

Patients with dementia are increasing steadily and becoming a social problem. Care workers in hospitals are increasingly interested in emotional labor. Therefore, this study examines the caregiving experience of dementia patients in the nursing home. The effects of emotional labor and exhaustion of nursing home workers on job stress and satisfaction were analyzed and the moderating effect of care experience was analyzed. The results of the study are as follows. First, the caregiver experience of the nursing hospital workers showed the initial mind, the perception of the early dementia patients, the difficulties, the physical and mental limitations, the satisfaction, the experience through nursing practice, and the change of mind about life. Second, emotional labor and burnout have positive effects on job stress. Care experience reduced the impact of emotional labor and exhaustion on job stress. Finally, the relationship between job stress and job satisfaction showed positive influence.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2005

The Swedish double mutation (KM670/671NL) of amyloid precursor protein (Swe-APP) is associated with early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) and increases amyloid beta peptide production. Although APP/A/3 mediated neurotoxicity is observed both in vitro and in vivo, the relationship between mutant APP expression, A/3 production, and neuronal death observed in the brains of FAD patients remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of Swe-APP-induced cell death in HEK293 and NGF-differentiated PC 12 cells. We found that the expression of Swe-APP induced cytochrome C relase, activation of caspase 3 in HEK 293 and NGF-differentiated PC 12 cells. We also show that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected in Swe-APP expressing HEK 293 cells and NGF-differentiated PC 12 cells and that pretreatment with vitamine E attenuated the cellular death, cytochrome C release induced by Swe-APP expression, indicating the involvement of free radical in these processes. These results suggest one of possible apoptotic mechanisms of Swe-APP which could occur through cytochrome C release from mitochondria and this apoptosis inducing effects could be at least in part, due to ROS generation by Swe-APP expression.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.2054-2060
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• 2016

As the aging society is accelerated, the population with dementia grows significantly faster. Because there is no complete cure of dementia, it is of great importance to detect the disease at a very early stage and prevent its fast aggravation through evaluation of MCI(Mild Cognitive Impairment) which happens before dementia. The current assessment of MCI conducts only in the form of hand-written data and by 1:1 face to face communication between the subjects and the examiners. Due to this, both examiners' fatigue rate and evaluation error rate increase. Further, there are some limitations in utilizing and analyzing data collected. Against the problems, therefore, there is a need to develop a computerized system by which MCI is assessed, and the results are saved and analyzed. This paper presents the development of such a system enabling MCI evaluation, its related data collection and analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.257-266
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• 2023

The aim of this study is to use media big data to understand the characteristics and changes in technology that prevents wandering and missing for dementia patients as well as supports safe walking since 1990 until recently. BigKinds as a media big data was used to conduct an analysis in two stages. In the results, first, the media reports began to be reported in the early 2000s, and it increased after 2014. Second, regarding to the characteristics of changes in technology and device utilization, there has been a change to advanced technology that combines AI and IoT, focusing on GPS. Drone has recently increased in media report, however problems of personal information security need to be resolved. Third, technology development focused on location identification by police and guardians. Based on the results, technology development and community cooperation for dementia patient were discussed.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2019

Background and Objectives: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a disorder that usually occurs in the elderly, leading to dementia in some progressive cases. The purpose of this study is to examine the utility of central auditory processing tests as early diagnostic tools for identifying the elderly with MCI. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on 20 elderly patients with MCI and 20 healthy matched peers. The speech perception ability in a quiet environment and in the presence of background noise and also temporal resolution were assessed by using Speech Perception in Noise (SPIN) and Gap in Noise (GIN) tests, respectively. Results: The results indicated that the ability to understand speech in a quiet environment did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, SPIN at the three signal-to-noise ratios and the temporal resolution scores were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.001). Conclusions: Individuals with MCI appear to have poorer speech comprehension in noise and a lower temporal resolution than those of the same age, but without cognitive defects. Considering the utility of these tests in identifying cognitive problems, we propose that since the GIN test seems to be less influenced by intervening factors, this test can therefore, be a useful tool for the early screening of elderly people with cognitive problems.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2019

Background and Objectives: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a disorder that usually occurs in the elderly, leading to dementia in some progressive cases. The purpose of this study is to examine the utility of central auditory processing tests as early diagnostic tools for identifying the elderly with MCI. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on 20 elderly patients with MCI and 20 healthy matched peers. The speech perception ability in a quiet environment and in the presence of background noise and also temporal resolution were assessed by using Speech Perception in Noise (SPIN) and Gap in Noise (GIN) tests, respectively. Results: The results indicated that the ability to understand speech in a quiet environment did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, SPIN at the three signal-to-noise ratios and the temporal resolution scores were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.001). Conclusions: Individuals with MCI appear to have poorer speech comprehension in noise and a lower temporal resolution than those of the same age, but without cognitive defects. Considering the utility of these tests in identifying cognitive problems, we propose that since the GIN test seems to be less influenced by intervening factors, this test can therefore, be a useful tool for the early screening of elderly people with cognitive problems.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.43-59
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• 2003

Object : This study was designed to assess the protective effects of Jowiseungchungtang on cognitive decline of the patients with early DAT[Dementia of Alzheimer Type]. Method : 15 patients with early DAT and 10 healthy elderly subjects were measured by using auditory ERP and K-DRS, and after 9 months again. During 9 months the patients with early DAT were administered with Jowiseungchungtang. Result : 1. The score of K-DRS increased in two group but it was not significant. 2. The latency of ERP P300 component increased in 2nd test of the normal group, but did not increase in 2nd test of patients group. 3. The amplitude of ERP P300 component showed the significant difference in electrode location in patients group, but it did not show any typical property. Conclusion : The results suggest that Jowiseungchungtang may have protective effects on cognitive decline in the patients with early DAT.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.43-66
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• 2005

Object : This study was designed to asses the protective effects of Kunneo tang on cognitive decline of the patients with early DAT. Method : Before administered with Kunneotang, 16 patients with early DAT were measured by auditory ERP, MMSE-K and K-DRS. During 12 months the patients with early DAT were administered with Kunneotang. After 12months the patients were measured by the same examinations again. Result : 1. The total score of MMSE-K decreased but it was not significant. 2. The total score of K-DRS increased but it was not significant. Among the five criteria(attention, memory, initiation/perseveration, construction, conceptualization), Initiation/perseveration score signifcantly decreased and there were no significant differences in the other scores. But, memory mean score had a tendency to increase. 3. The latency of ERP P300 component increased but it was not significant and the amplitude of ERP P300 component showed the significant difference. Conclusion : The results suggest that Kunneotang may have protective effects on cognitive decline in the patients with early DAT.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.461-474
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to develop the caregiver guideline for participation in activities daily living for the elderly with early dementia in home including easily adaptable and professional strategies as early intervetion. The process of this study was 3 stage. First stage, the development of preliminary caregiver guideline as the first stage of this study was to translate to Korean and reclassify the items about caregiver guideline for participation from reports of foreign association or government related dementia, and it consisted of 3 areas, 128 statements for questionnaire for Delphi investigation. Second stage, the guideline was to conduct the content validity, and delete, reclassify, integrate, revise inappropriate items through 2 rounds and 16 Delphi panels. Third stage, the establishment of the final version of caregiver guideline. It consisted of 8 areas: home modification and assistive device, home activities of daily living, health management, communication, psycho-emotional support, leisure activities, social participation, general strategies. All 68 items was arranged in important order. The content validity, stability, agreement index in this study were 0.81, 0.15, 0.79 respectively. When content validity, stability was above 0.49, below 0.5 in Delphi survey with 15 panels, it was not required additional survey. The result of this study meaned that it was not required to additional Delphi survey, and the result was stable and agreeable. This developed guideline was useful and practical to maintain the elderly's with dementia independent and healthy life as education materials for their caregivers, so it will expect to decrease caregiver's burden. Lastly, it stated limitation and suggestion for further study.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.79-107
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• 2009

Episodic memory, i.e. memorization of information within a spatiotemporal environment, is affected Alzheimer's disease(AD), but its impairment may also be occurred in the normal aging process. The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate memory in with Dementia of Alzheimer Type by examining their cognitive skills in episodic memory using the technique. This new method involves assessing the mental images the subject's own past in the mind like projected and movies. Three patients in the early stage of Dementia of Alzheimer Type, one with mild depression, and 2 healthy controls for comparison were asked to retrieve their episodic memory of the previous day, week, month, and a day testing day. The answers were then analyzed with regards to their specific features as emotional state, color, and time order. In the following day, the subjects were tasked to recall again the images they reproduced in the day's test order to observe of memory. Results showed that all 3 patients failed to arrange the retrieved images in time order and their images of the previous day were unclear in color and were stationary like photographs, even when they reproduced the mental images at much quantity as controls. patients could not remember particular events of yesterday, and only recalled the general occurrences of every day life. These results suggest that in the early stage of Dementia of Alzheimer Type, difficulties in the retrieval of recent episodic memory begin to primarily occur, and qualitative impairment happens earlier than quantitative.