• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.22-32
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of ankle-foot orthosis and lumbosacral orthosis on movement patterns used to rise from the supine position to erect stance. Thirty-two healthy adults participated. Subjects were videotaped while rising from a supine position on a floor mat. Each subject performed 10 trials each of three condition;general condition, right ankle-foot orthosis, lumbosacral orthosis. subjects rose most commonly using a symmetrical push pattern of the upper extremities, a symmetrical squat pattern in the lower extremities, a symmetrical in the trunk under each of three conditions. Changes in the incidence of movement patterns occurred in lower extremities of the ankle-foot orthosis and lumbosacral orthosis condition and trunk of the ankle-foot orthosis condition. From a dynamic pattern theory perspective, ankle motion is a control variable for the supine position to erect standing movement.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.36-39
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• 2008

Although tuberculosis of the central nervous system is well known, the incidence of intramedullary tuberculomas is low and a combination of intramedullary with intracranial tuberculomas is extremely rare. We report a case of disseminated tuberculoma involving brain and spine with miliary pulmonary tuberculosis in a 66-year-old woman initially presenting with fever, general weakness, back pain and motor weakness of both lower extremities. Despite medical therapy, she developed progressive motor weakness of both lower extremities with muscle strength 1/5 in both lower extremities. Urgent surgical intervention was followed and her muscle power and motor functions were improved gradually. The anti-tuberculous drugs were continued and the follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and spine showed that the lesions had become smaller or disappeared.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.617-624
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• 1998

A variety of neuromuscular diseases in children cause muscle imbalance. impaired function, and resultant deformity of the lower extremities. Equinovarus, equinos, adductor contracture are common deformity of lower extremities in the children. Generally, the transfer was successful in improving or maintaining range of motion, stability of the joint and gait. Postoperative physical therapy is important. Physical therapy was instituted after cast removal. All children received stretching exercise, range of motion exercise for the joint, proprioceptive neuromuscular fascilitation and gait training was administered. This article describes our experience with the physical therapy for tendon transfered spastic cerebral palsy and discusses the therapeutic protocol.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.675-682
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was performed to characterize edema of the lower extremities that occurs among hygienists during working hours, and to determine the effects of the use of elastic compression stockings. Methods: The study subjects were 40 dental hygienists working at a dental hospital in Daegu. Symptoms of edema of the lower extremities during working hours were characterized by measurement of calf and ankle circumference. Results: Calf and ankle circumference increased during working hours. The use of elastic compression stockings reduced edema of the lower extremities during working hours. Conclusions: Use of elastic compression stockings can reduce levels of lower extremity edema among dental hygienists.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.64-71
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• 2009

A 3-D rehabilitation robot system is developed in this paper. The robot system is for the rehabilitation of upper extremities, especially the shoulder and elbow joints, and has 3-D workspace for enabling occupational therapy to recover physical functions in activities of daily living(ADL). The rehabilitation robot system, which is driven by actuators, has 1 DOF in horizontal rotational motion and 2 DOF in vertical rotational motion, where all actuators are set on the ground. Parallelogram linkage mechanisms lower the equivalent inertia of the control elements as well as control forces. Also the mechanisms have high mechanical rigidity for the end effector and the handle. Passive motion mode experiments have been performed to evaluate the proposed robot system. The results of the experiments show and excellent performance in simulating spasticity of patients.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.267-275
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study was to report a case of nodules on lower extremities with pain which was treated by herbal medicine treatment and acupuncture.Methods One male patient who had nodules on lower extremities with pain was treated by Yangdokbaekho-tang and Hyungbangsabak-san, and acupuncture according to the result of Sasang constitutional diagnosis.Results and Conclusions The patient's pain and accompanied symptoms were improved after using Yangdokbaekho-tang and Hyungbangsabak-san. The Numeric Rating Scale(NRS) which was used to evaluate pain intensity was decreased from 9 to 2 without using Western medications.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.652-656
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• 2004

Crashworthy design of trains is now indispensable procedure in modern railway vehicle design for ensuring the safety of Passengers and crew. It is now widely recognized that a more strategic approach is needed in order to absorb higher level energy in a controlled manner and minimize passenger injuries effectively. The first design step in this strategic approach is the design of the front end structure(so called HE extremities) to absorb a large part of total impact energy and then the structure of passengers non-accommodation zones(so called LE extremities) is designed to absorb the rest of impact energy. In this paper, the passengers entrance door area is selected as the LE(low energy) extremities and the design of the LEE was carried out. The main part of LEE design procedures is the design of energy absorbing tubes. For this purpose, the several tube candidates are introduced and compared to each others with numerical crash simulation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.15 no.4 s.40
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• pp.447-451
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• 1991

Effects of insulation after exposure of the extremities on the temperature regulation in clothed men were studied. Experiment was carried out with six males in a climatic chamber fixed at $10^{\circ}C$, $55\%$ R.H. treated with Type A (face only was exposed) and Type B (face and half of the extremities were exposed). Mean skin temperature fell greater in Type B due to intense vasoconstriction than in Type A. Rectal temperature rose a little in Type B and resumed in Type A without any significant differences in metabolism between two types of clothing. These findings suggest that Type B is more effective in physiological defense to the cold stimuli than Type A at least at $10^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.649-656
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• 2020

Objective : Unclear mental state is one of the major factors contributing to diagnostic failure of occult skeletal trauma in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the overlooked co-occurring skeletal trauma through whole body bone scan (WBBS) in TBI. Methods : A retrospective study of 547 TBI patients admitted between 2015 and 2017 was performed to investigate their cooccurring skeletal injuries detected by WBBS. The patients were divided into three groups based on the timing of suspecting skeletal trauma confirmed : 1) before WBBS (pre-WBBS); 2) after the routine WBBS (post-WBBS) with good mental state and no initial musculoskeletal complaints; and 3) after the routine WBBS with poor mental state (poor MS). The skeletal trauma detected by WBBS was classified into six skeletal categories : spine, upper and lower extremities, pelvis, chest wall, and clavicles. The skeletal injuries identified by WBBS were confirmed to be simple contusion or fractures by other imaging modalities such as X-ray or computed tomography (CT) scans. Of the six categorizations of skeletal trauma detected as hot uptake lesions in WBBS, the lesions of spine, upper and lower extremities were further statistically analyzed to calculate the incidence rates of actual fractures (AF) and actual surgery (AS) cases over the total number of hot uptake lesions in WBBS. Results : Of 547 patients with TBI, 112 patients (20.4 %) were presented with TBI alone. Four hundred and thirty-five patients with TBI had co-occurring skeletal injuries confirmed by WBBS. The incidences were as follows : chest wall (27.4%), spine (22.9%), lower extremities (20.2%), upper extremities (13.5%), pelvis (9.4%), and clavicles (6.3%). It is notable that relatively larger number of positive hot uptakes were observed in the groups of post-WBBS and poor MS. The percentage of post-WBBS group over the total hot uptake lesions in upper and lower extremities, and spines were 51.0%, 43.8%, and 41.7%, respectively, while their percentages of AS were 2.73%, 1.1%, and 0%, respectively. The percentages of poor MS group in the upper and lower extremities, and spines were 10.4%, 17.4%, and 7.8%, respectively, while their percentages of AS were 26.7%, 14.2%, and 11.1%, respectively. There was a statistical difference in the percentage of AS between the groups of post-WBBS and poor MS (p=0.000). Conclusion : WBBS is a potential diagnostic tool in understanding the skeletal conditions of patients with head injuries which may be undetected during the initial assessment.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2 s.28
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• pp.233-240
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• 1994

Cerebrovascular disease(CVD) is marked by loss of consciousness. facial palsy and hemiparesis. Although being treated properly in acute stage. CVD is accompanied by various sequelae. So treatment of sequelas is great importance as much as in acute stage. Man Geum Tang(MGT) and Bo Yang Whan O Tang(BYWOT) are representative general prescription for sequelae of CVD. This study is to clarify comparatively the efficiency of MGT and BYWOT. 110 Patients who were administrated with either MGT or BYWOT over 2 weeks for treatment of CVD divided into 2 groups:53 patients(27 males and 26 fomales. average $63.58{\pm}9.48$ years old) adminstated with MGT and 57 patients (32 males and 25 females. average $65.84{\pm}8.93$ years old) with BYWOT. In the patients administrated with MGT. 15 patients were with cerebral hemorrhage and 38 patients were with cerebral infarction. 57 BYWOT group consisted of 27 patients with cerebral hemorrhage and 30 patients with cerebral infarction. MGT with cerebral hemorrhage and 30 patients with cerebral infarction. MGT was administrated for $15.18{\pm}2.43$days and BYWOT for $14.24{\pm}1.24days$. Motor improved significantly(9〈0.005) from grade after administration in upper and lower extremities respectively. In view of comparative effeciency. the grade of motor disturbance after administration in upper extremities showed insignificant(p〉0.005) change to $1.19{\pm}1.18\;and\;0.89{\pm}1.13$ in MGT and BYWOT group respectively. In lower extremities. the grade changed insignificantly (p〉0.05) to $1.26{\pm}1.08\;and\;1.18{\pm}1.10$ respectively. In the patients group with cerebral infarction. the grade of motor disturbance in MGT and BYWOT administration groups respectively were $0.84{\pm}0.14\;and\;0.60{\pm}0.15$ in upper exemities and $0.89{\pm}0.14\;and\;0.90{\pm}0.17$ in lower extremities. The significant difference between two groups didn't appeared. In cerebral hemorrhage patients the grade of motor disturbance were in upper extremities $2.07{\pm}0.33$ in MGT group and $1.59{\pm}0.29$ in BOWOT group and $2.20{\pm}0.26\;and\;1.59{\pm}0.28$ in lower extremities respectively. The difference between two groups were insignificant(p〉0.05).