• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.15
• /
• pp.123-131
• /
• 1997

The alternation of light transmissivity of covering films used in most greenhouses over years become of concern. Recently, durable films over 0.1mm in thickness which having 3~5 years life time were popularly used in many greenhouses. However, the films have been replaced yearly with new ones because of lowering light transmittance. The replacement caused negative environmental impact as well as cost increasement. This study was conducted to find fundamental data for developing of a cleaning machine for covering films of greenhouses.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.57-76
• /
• 2007

Kriging is a nonparametric regression method used in geostatistics for estimating curves and surfaces for spatial data. It may come as a surprise that the Kriging estimator, normally derived as the best linear unbiased estimator, is also the solution of a particular variational problem. Thus, Kriging estimators can also be interpreted as generalized smoothing splines where the roughness penalty is determined by the covariance function of a spatial process. We build off the early work by Silverman (1982, 1984) and the analysis by Cox (1983, 1984), Messer (1991), Messer and Goldstein (1993) and others and develop an equivalent kernel interpretation of geostatistical estimators. Given this connection we show how a given covariance function influences the bias and variance of the Kriging estimate as well as the mean squared prediction error. Some specific asymptotic results are given in one dimension for Matern covariances that have as their limit cubic smoothing splines.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.41-45
• /
• 2003

N crassa mutant strain nap showed reduced growth rate, decreased electric membrane potential, and elevated intracellular ATP content in comparison to the wild type. Blue light induced a hyperpolarization of the membrane potential in both strains. The analysis of oxidative and phosphorylation activities of mitochondria isolated from the two strains has revealed that nap utilized more efficient oxidative pathways. The higher intracellular ATP content in the nap was presumably due to impaired transport systems of the plasma membrane, and to a lesser extent to the functioning of the fully competent respiratory chain. The excess ATP possibly accounts for carotenoid accumulation in the mutant.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.199-205
• /
• 2017

A high resolution spectroscopic observation of the red supergiant star RM_1-390 in the Large Magellanic Cloud was made from a 3.6 m telescope at the European Southern Observatory. Spectral resolving power was R=20,000, with a signal-to-noise ratio S/N > 100. We found the atmospheric parameters of RM_1-390 to be as follows: the effective temperature $T_{eff}=4,250{\pm}50K$, the surface gravity ${\log}\;g=0.16{\pm}0.1$, the microturbulent velocity $v_{micro}=2.5km/s$, the macroturbulence velocity $v_{macro}=9km/s$ and the iron abundance $[Fe/H]=-0.73{\pm}0.11$. The abundances of 18 chemical elements from silicon to thorium in the atmosphere of RM_1-390 were found using the spectrum synthesis method. The relative deficiencies of all elements are close to that of iron. The fit of abundance pattern by the solar system distribution of r- and s-element isotopes shows the importance of the s-process. The plot of relative abundances as a function of second ionization potentials of corresponding chemical elements allows us to find a possibility of convective energy transport in the photosphere of RM_1-390.

• Smart Media Journal
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.68-84
• /
• 2024

This paper describes the development of a system and algorithms for high-quality welfare services by recognizing behavior development indicators (activity, sociability, danger) in children aged 0 to 2 years old using action recognition technology. Action recognition targeted 11 behaviors from lying down in 0-year-olds to jumping in 2-year-olds, using data directly obtained from actual videos provided for research purposes by three nurseries in the Gwangju and Jeonnam regions. A dataset of 1,867 actions from 425 clip videos was built for these 11 behaviors, achieving an average recognition accuracy of 97.4%. Additionally, for real-world application, the Edge Video Analyzer (EVA), a behavior analysis device, was developed and implemented with a region-specific random frame selection-based PoseC3D algorithm, capable of recognizing actions in real-time for up to 30 people in four-channel videos. The developed system was installed in three nurseries, tested by ten childcare teachers over a month, and evaluated through surveys, resulting in a perceived accuracy of 91 points and a service satisfaction score of 94 points.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 1996

This study was performed to induce a quality improvement and standardization of materials used for greenhouse. For this purpose, physical and mechanical properties of agricultural films for greenhouse were measured by kinds and thickness of the films. The properties are composed of impact, tensile, tear propagation strength and light transmittance. The results were summarized as follows. 1. At the impact test result of the falling dart, the thicker the film, the greater the impact strength of soft film. The impact weight at 50 percents is from 158g to 213g and the strength of low density polyethylene(LDPE) film is higher than the rest of any other films. 2. Seeing the leveling of the impact rupture, maximum impact weight which was ruptured very little ranges from 62g to 192g. The impact strength of 0.1mm films was higher than that of 0.05mm as from 1.8 to 3.2 times. 3. Tensile weight covers from 0.95kg to 2.22kg in the test materials, and the weight of lengthwise film is larger than that of width. LDPE film has high value of tensile weight. Elongation range is from 345 to 102 percent and lengthwise elongation is greater than width as much as from 1.4 to 2.7 times. 4. Tea. propagation strength ranges from 80.5kg/cm to 121.7kg/cm, and unlike which of LDPE film has high value, EVA film has low value in the films tested. The width strength is higher than the lengthwise. 5. The light transmittance of the soft film is about 78-92 percent in the range of ultraviolet ray, but has high value in the visible ray range.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.13-18
• /
• 1999

The tailings stocked at two tailing piles in Sangdong aea have raised collapse hazards and various environmental problems. A trial for effective utilization of tailings as fine aggregates for polymer concrete has been performed along with mineralogical and physical characterization of tailings. The tailings from the Sangdong mine, mainly composed of quartz, orthoclase, amphiboles and muscovite, are alkaline and tailings at the new tailing pile are generally finer in grain size than those at the old tailing pile. In case of using New Tailings as fine aggregates, cement mortar with equivalent amounts of tailings and sands shows the highest compressive strength. Cement mortars containing tailings show lower values of compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength than those not-containing tailings. Mixture of polymers such as SBR and EVA in cement mortars raises strengths of cement mortars effectively, which shows potential possiblity to utilize the tailings in Sangdong area as fine aggregates for polymer concretes.

• Journal of Drive and Control
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2014

This paper presents the development of a compact position generator to be used for industrial purposes based on a pump controlled Electro-Hydraulic Actuator (EHA), which is closed-loop controlled by an embedded based Iterative PID controller. The controller is designed by combining the PID controller and the iterative learning scheme to perform tracking control for periodically desired references. Control algorithm is implemented on an embedded computer (AD 7011-EVA) which makes the implementation and application in industrial environments easier.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.121-128
• /
• 2004

This study aims to attain the basic data needed for the adaptation and application of polymer cement concrete as a new construction material by reviewing the various physical characteristics of polymer cement concrete following the changes in polymer type. The research found that cement concrete mixed with polymer, while it had some variation, had excellent qualities in all of compressive strength, tensile strength, water absorption, weight reducing ratio, and resistance of freezing and thawing.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.375-377
• /
• 2000

It is now generally accepted that a phosphoinositide cycle is involved in the transduction of a variety of signals in plant cells. In animal cells, the hydrolysis of phosphatidyl-4,5-bisphosphate catalysed by phosphatidylinositol - specific phospholipase C yields to D-myo-inositol - 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol, which are well known second messengers. The binding of InsP$_3$to a receptor located on the endoplasmic reticulum triggers a calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum. We have detected and partially characterised key components of phosphoinositide signaling. First, tobacco microsomal fraction and plasma membrane PI-PLC. Consecutively, using a radioligand binding assay we have identified a $Ca^{2+}$ -dependent high affinity InsP$_3$binding site in microsomal membrane fraction vesicle preparation and then we have measured inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate induced calcium release from tobacco microsomal fraction. These findings suggest that phosphoinositide signaling system is present and operates in the tobacco suspension culture.e.