• BMB Reports
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.440-446
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• 2005

A cDNA that was rapidly induced upon abscisic acid, cold, drought, mechanical wounding and to a lesser extent, by high salinity treatment, was isolated from Arabidopsis seedlings. It was classified as DREB subfamily member based on multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic characterization. Since it encoded a protein with a typical ERF/AP2 DNA-binding domain and was closely related to the TINY gene, we named it TINY2. Gel retardation assay revealed that TINY2 was able to form a specific complex with the previously characterized DRE element while showed only residual affinity to the GCC box. When fused to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain, either full-length or its C-terminus functioned effectively as a trans-activator in the yeast one-hybrid assay while its N-terminus was completely inactive. Our data indicate that TINY2 could be a new member of the AP2/EREBP transcription factor family involved in activation of down-stream genes in response to environmental stress.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1684-1691
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• 2001

Electrorheological fluids(ERFs) show a rapid and reversible increase in apparent viscosity by applied electric field. It is called the electrorheological effect (ER effect). The reason for ER effect is the induction of an electric dipole in each particle, leading to the formation of clusters in the direction of the field, which resist fluid flow. Generally, the behavior of ER fluids has been modeled on those of Bingham fluids. But there are some differences between Bingham fluids and ER fluids. The visualization of ER fliuds are presented and ER effects by the forming, growing and breaking of clusters are discussed. In the low shear rate area, the pressure drop is measured by a pressure sensor and the formation of ER particles is visualized by video camera. The reason for the nonlinear behavior of ER fluids at low shear rate is explained through results of visualization. As result, the behavior of ER fluids is nonlinear at low shear rate with overshoot area because it is different to from the clusters according to the strength of electric field. The gap of electrodes becomes narrow because of the cluster layer occurrence near to electrodes in any conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.65-71
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• 1981

Es wird hier versucht, die doch sehr subjektive $gepr\"{a}gte$ Gestalt des Familienhaushalts mit wissenschaftlichen Methoden an objektiven Kriterien darzustellen. Alle wirtschaftlich relevanten Handlungen entspringen $Bed\"{u}rfnissen$. $Bed\"{u}rfnissen$ bestimmen immer den Zweck der Handlung. Nach dem $\"{o}konomischen$ Prinzip geht es dabei um die $bestm\"{o}gliche$ Verwendung knapper Mittle $f\"{u}r$ bestimmte, den $Bed\"{u}rfnissen$ entsprechende Zwecksetzungen. $Haush\"{a}lterischen$ Handeln aber geht $\"{u}ber$ das $\"{o}konomische$ Prinzip hinaus. Im $haush\"{a}lterichen$ Handeln geht es auch um die rationale Kontrolle der $Bed\"{u}rfnisse$. Hier ist der Masstab die den $Bed\"{u}rfnissen$ vorausgehende und die der $Bed\"{u}rfnisbefriedigung$ nachfolgende Lebensnot. Ein $vern\"{u}nftiges$ $haush\"{a}lterisches$ Handeln mu${\beta}$ deshalb zwei Kriterien $erf\"{u}llen$: 1. Knappe Mittel $m\"{u}ssen$ den $h\"{o}chsten$ Nutzen bringen. 2. Der Nutzeffekt mu${\beta}$ die $pers\"{o}nliche$, menschliche Lebensot optimal abzuwenden. An Hand dieser beidenparameter kann das $haush\"{a}lterische$ Handeln objektiv und mit wiss-enschaftlichen Methoden $\"{u}berpr\"{u}ft$, beurteilt und korrigiert werden.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.196-201
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• 2001

Electro-Rheological(ER) fluids change their apparent viscosity according to the electric field strength. Therefore, there are many practical applications using the ER fluids. ER effect on the dispersive system of polarizable fine powder/dielectric oil has been investigated. The electrical and rheological properties of starch based ER fluid were reported. Yield stress of the fluids were measured on the couette cell type rheometer as a function of electric fields, particle concetrations, and temperatures. The electric field is applied by high voltage DC power supply, The outer cup is connected to positive electrode(+) and the bob becomes ground(-). And the temperatures the viscosity(or shear stress) versus shear rates were measured. In this experiment shear rates were increased from 0 to 200s$^{-1}$ in 2 minutes. This thesis presents Bingham properties of ER fluids subjected to temperature variations. The temperature dependence of the viscosity was determined for ER fluids consisting of 35 weight % starch particles in automatic transmission oil.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.63-69
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• 2002

A new concept of stock preparation for the increase of bending stiffness in paper and board was proposed. The "stiff" fibers, which were mechanically not treated or treated slightly to remove fiber curls, were combined with extensively refined fibers (ERF) to produce higher stiffness papers than those where the whole fibers were refined. The combination of "stiff" fibers and extensively refined fibers produced higher stiffness at the same tensile strength than the control furnish, in which all the fibers are refined together. In this concept, the fibers from recycled papers could be as much useful as the virgin fibers as long as they are stiff enough or they can produce highly bondable fiber fractions by extensive refining. Use of the concept in real paper mill needs considerations such as increase of refining energy, slower drainage, and added drying burden, but savings of wood fibers, utilization of more recycled fibers, and increase of physical properties may offset the negative concerns. The success of this concept implementation in mills, therefore, depends on the wood fiber market around the mills and the proper decision making for the papermakers about how to apply this concept. apply this concept.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.2
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• pp.185-206
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• 2000

Das Wortspiel $hei{\ss}t$ die spielerische $Ver\"{a}nderung$ eines Wortes zum Zwecke $\"{u}berraschender$ Wirkungen, und die Werbetexter betrachten es monentan als ein beliebtes, wirkungsvolles Ausdrucksmittel $f\"{u}r$ die Werbeanzeigen. (1) Sag mal, wie war eigentlich dein erstes Mal? Und wie oft machst du es in der Woche? Und was sagt deine beste Freundin dazu? -Gesichtsreinigungsmittel Clearasil Complete(Janich, 1999:146) (2) 대장님 힘 내세요! 뒷일은 제가 책임지겠습니다. -아락실 (3) 당신은 철없는 여자. -헤모큐 Das Wortspiel $l\"{a}{\ss}t$ den Referenzbezug ausweiten, vage oder $ungew\"{o}hnlich$ werden. Dadurch werden konventionelle Referenzerwartungen der Rezipienten verletzt und unterbrochen. Wortspiele mit Homonyme, Polyseme, Wortkreuzungen, und Referenzspiele sind sehr $h\"{a}ufig$, und die syntaktische und typographische Spiele dagegen eher selten. Die Wirkung des Wortspiel beruht auf die $Ambiguit\"{a}t$ eines Wortes. Aber zwischen der$Ambiguit\"{a}t$ und der Vagheit gibt es den $un\"{u}bersehbaren$ referenziellen Unterschied. $W\'{a}hrend$ diese, die durch die pragmatische Mehrdeutigkeit oder die Unbestimmtheit charakterisiert ist, mit der in einer $\"{A}u{\ss}erung ausgedr\"{u}ckten$ Vorstellung zu tun hat, handelt es bei jener um die Probleme der linguistischen Kategorien an, die unter lexikalischem, semantischem, und syntaktischem Aspekt mehrfach zu spezifizieren sind. Daher $k\"{o}nnen$ den wortspielerischen $Ausdr\"{u}cken$ mehere Interpretationsmoglichkeiten zugeordnet werden. Durch Wortspiele wird die Eindeutigkeit eines Wortes absichtlich aufgehoben, so $da{\ss}$ mehere denotativen Bedeutungen aktiviert werden. Dabei liegt eine semantische Konzentration oder ein semantisches Spannungsverhaltnis vor, Diesbezuglich $erf\"{u}llt$ das Wortspiel zugleich die Funktion, Aufmerksamkeit des Rezipienten auf den geworbenen Inhalt zu wecken, und $f\"{o}rdert$ das Interesse am Werbetext.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.279-286
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• 2007

The competitiveness of a corporate has always been an endeavor factor in the field of Business Management and with introduction of computer, various system; Decision Support System. Executive Information System. Management Information System has dramatically improved the competitiveness. According to the environmental change, organizational complexity. rapid information technology development. it is accelerated to introduce the Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP) System. ERP System is considered as an important tool for management innovation. Korean enterprises have been adopting ERP to reinforce competitive power and to realize global standardization in recent years. This study on the performance of ERP Systems is designed to take a look at the importance, outcome factors of information system, the quality measurement of the information system, and breaking the quality of the information system into system quality, information quality.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1163-1168
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• 2016

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the bile duct cancer which constitutes one of the important public health problems in Thailand with high mortality rate, especially in the Opisthorchis viverrini (a parasite risk factor for CCA) endemic area of the northeastern region of the country. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers from the plasma peptidome by CCA patients. Peptides were isolated using 10 kDa cut-off filter column and the flow-through was then used as a peptidome for LC-MS/MS analysis. A total of 209 peptides were obtained. Among these, 15 peptides were concerned with signaling pathways and 12 related to metabolic, regulatory, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolite pathways. Five exclusive peptides were identified as potential biomarkers, i.e. ETS domain-containing transcription factor ERF (P50548), KIAA0220 (Q92617), phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform 1 (P42338), LP2209 (Q6XYC0), and casein kinase II subunit alpha (P19784). Three of these biomarkers are signaling related molecules. A combination of these biomarkers for CCA diagnosis is proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.81-81
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• 2017

The origin of wild corn (teosinte) is distributed in the Northwest coastal pacific area of Central America, including Mexico, which is a wetland area of 5 to 6 months per year. Depending on these climate characteristics, wild corn is genetically resistant to flooding condition. In order to evaluate the availability of flooding resistant genes of these wild corns, we examined the physiological responses after the flooding treatment in the early stages of the growth of various wild corns. The difference of chlorophyll content between flooding untreatment and flooding treatments (untreated chlorophyll content - humidified chlorophyll content) was the highest in chlorophyll content in the case of B73, the common corn. In the middle leaf, $\underline{Zea}$ mays subsp. Parviglumis, Zea mays subsp. Mexicana, Zea mays subsp., Zea perennis decreased significantly. In the lower leaves, Zea mays sub and Zea nicaraguensis showed the lowest content compared to B73. PCR analysis was performed using 34 primers divided into two groups, top and bottom. In the wild corn, pyruvate decarboxylase 2 in root and alcohol dehydrogenase 1 in shoot showed the difference in the reaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

The object of this study is to develop the examination technique for measuring the O-ring deformation behavior under the pressure and the squeezed condition simultaneously. The O-ring deformation measuring device in which two grooves were dug to insert the two O-rings was manufactured to be not deformed under the high pressure and the 1 mm and 0.1 mm gap were designed to measure the extrusion lengths under the internal pressure. The beam hardening correction, the histogram analysis and the dead zone correction were executed to exactly measure the shape of O-ring deformation and the lengths of the O-ring deformation were measured by the LSF and the ERF. The computed tomography applied the pressure of 0, 1.378, 4.902, 9.804, 15.692 MPa at 22.3% squeezed condition and the expanded diameter, contact length and extrusion depth were measured in each pressure. The shape of O-ring deformation was evaluated by the FEM to verify the results of measuring by the computed tomography and the area of O-ring was mutually compared to the area measured by the computed tomography.