• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2011

The behavior prediction of PAHs in Jinhae Bay using a three-dimensional ecological model(EMT-3D) was examined. A three-dimensional ecological model(EMT-3D) was applied to the simulation of PAHs behaviors in Jinhae Bay of Korea. The computed results of simulation were in good agreement with the observed values. The result of sensitivity analysis showed that photolysis coefficient and extinction coefficient were important factors in the variation of dissolved PAHs, and POC partition coefficient was important factor in the variation of PAHs in particulate organic matter. In the case of PAHs in phytoplankton, bioconcentration factor of plankton was the most significant and the most effective in all. In simulations of 30%, 50% and 80% reduction in total loads of PAHs, the concentrations of dissolved PAHs were shown to be lower than 24 ng/L, 20 ng/L and 16 ng/L, respectively.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.193-195
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• 2007

해양생태계로 유입되는 화학물질의 총합적인 평가 및 관리를 위해서는 동 화합물의 해양환경중의 거동 및 운영, 생태계에의 영향, 관리방안에 따른 화학물질의 변화 예측 및 리스크 평가 등을 행할 필요가 있으며, 이를 위하여는 화학물질에 대한 생태계 모델이 유용한 수단이 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 여러 화학물질에 적용할 수 있으며, 지역특성, 존재 데이터 상황, 대상 수산물의 특성을 고려하여 여러 상태함수 및 프로세스의 추가와 삭제가 가능한 3차원 생태계 모델(EMT-3D)을 사용하여 해양환경중의 PFCs 관련물질을 대상으로 그 적용성을 검토하였으며, 민감도 분석 및 시나리오 분석을 행하여 영향인자를 판별하고 대안에 따른 영향을 평가하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2011

A three dimensional ecological model(EMT-3D) was applied to Ulsan Bay for the simulation of Dioxins. The simulated results of dissolved Dioxins were in agreement with the observed values, with a correlation coefficient(R) of 0.7951 and a coefficient of determination($R^2$) of 0.6265. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that partition rate, adsorption rate and bioconcentration factor were important factors. Therefore, the parameters must be carefully considered in the modeling. In the case of 50% and 80% total loads reduction, concentration of dissolved Dioxins was shown to be lower than 0.150 and 0.250 pg WHD-TEQ/L, respectively.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.519-525
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• 2011

A three-dimensional ecological model(EMT-3D) was applied to DAS1 in Tokyo Bay. The simulated results of DAS1 were in good agreement with the observed values. The result of sensitivity analysis showed that photolysis coefficient and extinction coefficient were important factor for dissolved DAS1, and photolysis coefficient, extinction and POC partition coefficient for PAHs in particulate organic matter. Mass balance of DAS1 in Tokyo Bay was calculated by using the simulated results of EMT-3D.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.63-75
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the image about emergency medical technology (EMT) jobs and to identify factors influencing the image of EMT jobs among students of this department. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was administered to 532 paramedic students in the cities of D, G, and J between May 28 and June 19, 2013. Data were analyzed by using the SPSS version 21.0 program. Results: The image about EMT jobs was positively related to self-esteem. However, the image about EMT jobs was negatively related to grade and hospital practice experience. In the multiple regression analysis, the adjusted $R^2$ value was .220 (p < .001). Conclusion: The importance of enhancing the self-esteem of paramedic students should be emphasized. Further research on the image about EMT jobs in the hospital practice setting is needed.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.152-161
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• 2020

D-pinitol is an analog of 3-methoxy-D-chiro-inositol found in beans and plants. D-pinitol has anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects. Additionally, D-pinitol induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis in breast and prostate cancers. However, to date, no study has investigated the anticancer effects of D-pinitol in oral cancer. Therefore, in this study, whether the anticancer effects of D-pinitol induce apoptosis, inhibit the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and arrest cell cycle was investigated in squamous epithelial cells. D-pinitol decreased the survival and cell proliferation rates of CAL-27 and Ca9-22 oral squamous carcinoma cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Evidence of apoptosis, including nuclear condensation, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and caspase-3 fragmentation, was also observed. D-pinitol inhibited the migration and invasion of both cell lines. In terms of EMT-related proteins, E-cadherin was increased, whereas N-cadherin, Snail, and Slug were decreased. D-pinitol also decreased the expression of cyclin D1, a protein involved in the cell cycle, but increased the expression of p21, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. Hence, D-pinitol induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in CAL-27 and Ca9-22 cells, demonstrating an anticancer effect by decreasing the EMT.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.173-181
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• 2007

A three-dimensional ecological model (EMT-3D) was applied to Tokyo Bay for the simulation of PFOA. EMT-3D was calibrated with seawater analysis data obtained from the study area in 2004. The simulated results of dissolved PFOA were in good agreement with the observed values, with a correlation coefficient(R) of 0.7115${\sim}$0.8759 and a coefficient of determination $(R^2)$ of 0.5062${\sim}$0.7672. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that partition rate, adsorption rate and settling rate were important factors for PFOA in particulate organic matter. In the case of PFOA in phytoplankton, bioconcentration factor, uptake rate and partition rate were important factors. Therefore, the parameters must be carefully considered in the modeling. In the case of 50% and 80% total loads reduction, concentration of dissolved PFOA was shown to be lower than 20ng/L and 10ng/L, respectively. In the case of reduction of loads from rivers in each prefecture, Tokyo prefecture was found to have the most influence on the change of dissolved PFOA in surface water while Chiba prefecture was found to have the most influnce on the change of dissolved PFOA in bottom water.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.827-835
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• 2005

A three-dimensional ecological model (EMT -3D) was applied to Nonylphenol in Tokyo Bay. EMT -3D was calibrated with data obtained in the study area. The simulated results of dissolved Nonylphenol were in good agreement with the observed values, with a correlation coefficient(R) of 0.7707 and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.5940. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that biodegradation rate and bioconcentration factor are most important factors for dissolved Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol in phytoplankton, respectively. In the case of Nonylphenol in particulate organic carbon, biodegradation rate and partition coefficient were important factors. Therefore, the parameters must be carefully considered in the modeling. The mass balance results showed that standing stocks of Nonylphenol in water, in particulate organic carbon and in phytoplankton are $8.60\times 10^5\;g,\;2.19\times 10^2\;g\;and\;3.78\times 10^0\;g$ respectively. With respect to the flux of dissolved Nonylphenol, biodegradation in the water column, effluent to the open sea and partition to particulate organic carbon were $6.02\times10^3\;g/day,\;6.02\times10^2\;g/day\;and\;1.02\times10^1\;g/day$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.665-670
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• 2016

A three-dimensional ecological model (EMT-3D) was used to simulate the behavior of PFOA in Gwangyang Bay, Korea. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that partition rate, adsorption rate, and settling rate were important factors in the variation in PFOA in particulate organic matter. Bioconcentration was the most significant factor for PFOA in phytoplankton, with the largest effect size. These parameters must therefore be carefully considered when modeling PFOA behavior. In simulations, 30% and 50% reductions in loads from land-based sources of PFOA resulted in concentrations of dissolved PFOA lower than 4 ng/L and 2 ng/L, respectively, in the central part of the bay.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.167-172
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• 2011

A three-dimensional ecological model (EMT-3D) was applied to Tokyo Bay to simulate 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl)biphenyl (DSBP). The simulated results were in good agreement with the observed values, with a correlation coefficient of R=0.8431 and a coefficient of determination of $R^2$=0.7108. The sensitivity analysis indicated that the photolysis rate is the most important factor. Therefore, the parameters must be considered carefully in modeling. The mass balance results showed that the standing stock of DSBP in water and in particulate organic carbon was 621.2 and 19.5 kg, respectively, and the effluent flux to the open sea was 2.63 and 0.055 kg/day, respectively.