• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• summer
• /
• pp.1334-1336
• /
• 2004

The existing problems of the Electro-Magnetic Suspension system such as air-gap disturbance, mass variation and actuator/sensor failure are described in amore specific manner. These problem can not be solved by conventional state-feedback and output-feedback control. Extended Kalman Filter is to linearize about a trajectory that is continually updated with the state estimates resulting from the measurements. In this paper, first, the physical properties of the EMS system are described. second, Extended Kalman Filer designed as form appliable EMS system. It is shown that state estimation performance can be obtained with the use of Extended Kalman filter, and that results from simulation, stability analyze.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1993.07a
• /
• pp.345-347
• /
• 1993

It is known that Feedback linearization has important limitations-the full state has to be measured; no robustness is guaranteed with respect to parameter uncertainty and unmodeled dynamics. In this paper, we construct a nonlinear feedback linearization controller for the system containing uncertain parameters and unknown states, in the case of EMS system with rail vibration. Performance of this controller is demonstrated by computer simulation.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.61 no.7
• /
• pp.928-936
• /
• 2012

The microgrid concept assumes a cluster of loads and microsources operating as a single controllable system that provides a new paradigm for defining the operation of distributed generation. This system can be operated as both grid-connected mode and islanded mode. In other words, the microgrid can be operated to meet their special need; such as economics in steady state and local reliability in islanded mode due to the grid fault. This paper presents the AGC (Automatic Generation Control) method for microgrid with EMS (Energy Management System).

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.108-114
• /
• 2015

Purpose: To improve outcome of severe trauma patient, the shortening of transport time is needed. Although helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) is still a subject of debate, it must also be considered for trauma system. The aim of this study is to assess whether transport method (HEMS versus ground EMS) is associated with outcome among inter-hospital transport. Methods: All trauma patients transported to regional emergency center by either HEMS or ground EMS from September 2011 to September 2014. We have classified patients according to two groups by transport method. Age younger than 15 years and self-discharged patients were excluded. Results: A total of 427 patients were available for analysis during this period. 60 patients were transported by HEMS and 367 patients were transported by ground EMS. HEMS group had higher mortality than ground EMS group (23.3% vs 3.5%; p<0.001), and included more patients with excess mortality ratio adjusted injury severity score (EMR-ISS) above 25 (91.7% vs 48.8%; p<0.001). In the multivariable regression analysis, HEMS was not associated with improved outcome compared with ground EMS, but only EMR-ISS was associated with a mortality of patients (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.09). Conclusion: In this study, helicopter emergency medical services transport was not associated with a decreased of mortality among the trauma patients who inter-hospital transported to the regional emergency center.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.76-83
• /
• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to define the underserved emergency medical services (EMS) areas in Daejeon metropolitan city, as well as to identify their distinctive characteristics in public health perspectives. Methods: An underserved EMS area was operationally defined as an area in which it is difficult to arrive at an emergency medical center within 30 minutes. Using a cost-weighted distance algorithm with a geographic information system (GIS), the underserved EMS area was calculated. The characteristics of the underserved areas were analyzed by the Chi-square test. The SPSS statistical software package was used to perform the statistical analysis. All statistical tests were two-sided, and a p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Twelve administrative sectors ('Dong' in Korean) were included in the underserved areas, accounting for a population of approximately 8,100 citizens. The relationships between underserved EMS area and populations of agriculture, fishery, and forestry; citizens who are recipients of national basic livelihood security program; disabled; or aged 65 or older were statistically significant. Conclusion: It was found that 12 administrative sectors were included in the underserved EMS areas. Revealing underserved EMS areas using GIS analysis based on a cost-weighted distance algorithm of road data was an effective analytic method. However, as this study was confined to Daejeon City, South Korea, a nation-wide study should be performed to provide a more accurate conclusion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
• /
• 1998.06a
• /
• pp.849-852
• /
• 1998

• The Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.3-11
• /
• 2007

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.61-63
• /
• 2009

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.179-193
• /
• 2005

As the world's attention turns to sustainability and the considerations of cumulative effects, the concept of Strategic Environmental Assessment(SEA) has become more significant and urgent and increasing number of countries and international organizations now undertake some forms of SEA. The term SEA, however, is variously defined and understood; generally it means a formal process of systematic analysis of the environmental effects on development policies, plans, programmes and other proposed strategic actions. This process extends the aims and principles of EIA upstream in the decision-making process, beyond the project level in which major alternatives are still open. There is a shift toward more integrative approaches and greater use of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) as sustainability tools in cooperation with Environmental Management System (EMS). Currently, Korea has EIA system and Prior Environmental Review System (PERS) which is different type of SEA as Environment Assessment (EA) system. APEMI IA MODEL integrated following three pillar(refer to attached figure.1) ; First pillar symbolized decision making cycle with planning process. Second pillar symbolized integrated assessment which tying SEA and EIA with specific impacts assessment(eg: social impact assessment, economic impact assessment, health impact assessment etc) in cooperation with EMS. Third pillar symbolized EA best practical procedure of International Association for Impact Assessment(IAIA). Considering the above, we applied new conceptual model(APEMI IA MODEL) into Impact Assessment for better integrated decision-making in KOREA as an alternative IA system(IS IA MODEL A and B refer to attached figure 4, 5).

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2011.10a
• /
• pp.697-702
• /
• 2011

Computer simulation studies are a useful means to investigate the safety and performance of a high-speed magnetically levitated vehicle negotiating an elevated guideway. In this paper the dynamic interaction between moving vehicles and a span continuous guideway was discussed and with the consideration of the magnetic levitation system, the maglev levitation system and guideway dynamic interaction model was developed. Numerical simulation was performed to understand dynamic characteristics of the guideway used in practice. The result show that vehicle speed, span length and primary frequency of the guideway have an important influence on the dynamic responses of the guideway.