• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.80-94
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is suggest to restoration model of Pinus thunbergii in Saha-gu, Busan. The result of this study is summarized as follows. As the results of this study, vegetation restoration model is presented by separating community planting and edge planting. In community planting, as a group of canopy, there are 6 species; Pinus thunbergii, Quercus acutissima, Quercus dentata, Quercus serrata, Quercus alienna, Quercus variabilis. As a group of understory, there are 5 species; Platycarya strobilacea, Prunus sargentii, Styrax japonica, Eurya japonica, Morus bombycis. Also as a group of shrub, there were 15 kinds of species; Ulmus pavifolia, Ulmus davidiana, Lindera obtusiloba, Elaeagnus macrophylla, Mallotus japonicus, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Sorbus alnifolia, Rhus trichocarpa, Zanthoxylum schinifolium, Rosa wichuraiana, Rhus chinensis, Viburnum erosum, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Rhododendron yedoense, Indigofera pseudotinctoria. And as a group of edge vegetation, there were 10 kinds of species; Japanese Angelica, Symplocos chinensis, Pittosporum tobira, Lespedeza maximowiczii, Lespedeza bicolor, Rubus coreanus, Rubus idaeus, Vitis thunbergii, Ampelopsis brevipedunculata, Rosa multiflora. Vegetation restoration models of Pinus thunbergii community were calculated the units $400m^2$ for the average populations of the woody layer is 24 in canopy layer, 35 in understory layer, 410 in shrub layer, 34% herbaceous layer ground cover. And the average of breast-high area and canopy area is $10,852cm^2$ in canopy layer, in understory layer $1,546cm^2$, in shrub layer $1,158,660cm^2$. The shortest distance between trees is calculated as 2.0m in canopy layer, 1.9m in understory layer.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2004

이 연구는 가래나무의 조림에 대한 성적평가와 개선대책을 마련하고자, 강원도 홍천군 내면지역에 1979-1982년에 대규모의 활엽수 조림단지를 조성했던 지역의 가래나무 조림지와 천연림으로 비교적 생장이 양호한 평창군 진부면 지역의 물푸레나무와 가래나무가 많은 활엽수림에 대한 임분구조 및 직경생장을 조사, 비교하였다. 조림 후 9년까지의 직경생장에 가래나무 임분기원간 통계적 유의차가 인정되었다. 천연림의 가래나무의 연평균직경성장량은 7.31mm/year로 최대값이었으며, 다음으로 맹아림에서는 6.93mm/year, 조림지 에서는 5.28mm/year로 최소값을 보였다. 조림한 가래나무의 초기의 직경생장이 맹아갱신된 나무나 천연생의 나무보다 지극히 낮다는 것은 가래나무 나근묘의 식재는 성적이 매우 불량함을 나타낸다고 판단된다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때, 가래나무림 갱신에서는 맹아, 천연하종, 직파조림 등의 다른 갱신법들도 적극 검토할 필요가 있다고 판단된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2006

본 시험은 논에서 콩을 재배할 경우 파종기 및 재식밀도를 달리할 경우 수량과 생육에 미치는 영향을 알고자 실시하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 파종기에 따른 수량은 5월 단작이 가장 많았으며 7월 5일 파종할 경우 가장 적었는데 풍산나물콩 5월 24일 파종은 10a 당 362 kg을 보였다. 백립중은 풍산나물콩의 경우 파종이 늦을수록 증가하였으나 한남콩은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 2. 경장, 엽면적, 건물중은 5.24 파종이 가장 높았으며, 6.14 파종과 7.05 파종은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3. 개화기 및 착협기의 엽 건물중과 수량간에는 높은 정의 상관을 보였으나 입비대시는 유의성은 없었으며, 파종기에 따른 상대생장율(RGR)은 파종기가 늦을수록 증가하였다. 4. 파종기에 따른 광합성은 정엽의 경우 큰 차이를 보이지 않았지만, 입비대시의 제 7엽의 광합성은 5월 24일 파종때보다 6.14와 7.05 파종에서 보다 높은 경향을 보였다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2012

This research was executed to analyze the problems of Korean type of 'Light-weight' Greening that has been applied similarly by the type of 'Intensive Greening,' and to suggest the better way. To achieve this purpose, we compared and analyzed the theory about the definition of Korean type of Roof Greening and the type of Greening of FLL. And we researched documents and fields of 18 sites of Seoul City that applied the type of 'Light-weigh' Greening, and produced improvement issues and directions. To resolve the confusion of the type definition and site application, arising from considering 'weight of greening' as the main viewpoint to classify the type of Greening, we have to change the term 'Light-weight' with more suitable for contents-based definitions. According to a 'Light-weight' Greening field survey, only 5 among 18 sites are suitable for Extensive Greening and the rest sites show the character of Intensive Greening. Korean concept of 'Light-weight' Greening corresponds with the definition of 'Weight of Greening', but has a problem that does not correspond with the viewpoint of 'Maintenance of Greening'. This problem comes from the fact that the surveyed Light-weight(extensive) Greening sites are designed and executed for use. Therefore, Extensive Greening is proper to be applied for sites, excluded from use. 5 sites, determined suitable for Extensive Greening, adopts 'Sedum-herbaceous Planting' or 'Sedum-grasses Planting' forms of Greening, based on Sedum. So, it has to precede with selecting and breeding plants for developing various forms of Greening, suitable for Extensive Greening including 'Grasses-herbaceous Planting.'

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2013

Green roof system is classified as intensive greening, extensive greening or mix of intensive-extensive greening. Recently, light-weigh green roof has been performed actively, because buildings have been considered loads, design and maintenance. This study was conducted to design soil depth for light-vegetation block with using bottom-ash. As a result, it was found that growth of plant had no direct effect on soil depth even it was less than 10cm. Soil depth having under 5cm could be integration of plant roots and vegetation blocks. It was also possible to grow organic vegetables through the experiment of planting. According to this experiment, as light-vegetation block with bottom-ash was used for planting, it makes design shallow soil depth. The results will help install green roof system conveniently not only new buildings but also used buildings.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.10-20
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• 2006

This study is to introduce the improvement and management of Ecoduct located in Uiwang's Mt. Obong, Gyeonggi province. The inner planting of Ecoduct is not very related to the flora of mountain areas nearby. The difference in the index of plant crown volume(GVZ), the similarity index(S.I.), and monitored animals is significant between Ecoduct and mountain areas. Putting together all of the results, the initial selection of movement and target species is excessive in number. Target species must be selected again. They will be species that are currently found on the site. The Ecoduct space must be divided into two parts: buffer planting space and wildlife corridor. Reforestation is needed since the GVZ is remarkably lower in Ecoduct than in the nearby mountain areas. Besides the vegetation of Ecoduct is densely planted in guidance planting space to connect the southern Quercus mongolica community and the northern Quercus acutissima community. Proper upkeep after construction should be continuously conducted to maintain the procedure of natural change.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.171-174
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• 2008

The increasing price of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) has forced many households to shift to firewood/charcoal in the Philippines, causing tremendous pressure on the dwindling forest. This transition is more obvious in the rural area where firewood price is almost half of that in the cities. Both problems on big demand for firewood and the pressure on our forest can be partly solved by going into firewood plantation. After all, the country has vast track of idle lands, both private and government lands, waiting to be developed. What the government can do are: a) aggressive promotion of firewood plantation, b) simplify further the old technology on establishing firewood plantation to encourage more farmers, c) improve charcoal processing and d) promote the use of efficient stoves. This write up discusses the need for firewood plantation, areas available for planting, where to plant in farms, what species to plant in a particular soil type/location for optimum growth, planting methods, harvesting, marketing, and the side lights on the ecological benefits derived from plantation aside from wood.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1988

The initial selection of plants is the decisive step in the ultimate success of any landscape planting. This study intended to establish a reasonable selecting criteria of tree in the landscape through the holistic consideration of aesthetic, functional, cultural, operational and ecological viewpoints. The matrices of evaluating the fitness of tree were modulated to 10 categories ; availability from the established nursery. aesthetic value, indigenous to the locality, maintenance, soil fertility requirement, environmental tolerances. growth rate. wild-life food production. use of plants in design and user's likes. This 10 categories were weighted to their fitness as high(10 points), medium(8 points) and low(5points). Thus suitable plants were identified which got 70 more points from total 100 points. Such a method was believed as a rational process to get trust from client. to persuade uneducated client and to be free from designer's prejudice through a case study. But it is important to landscape designer to recognize the relationship between the rationality which prevails throughout the modern technical world and the intuitive aspects of design that are essential for developing creative solutions to encourage creativity as well as analytical responsibility.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.48-58
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• 1995

This study was conducted to investigate the plant community and to propose ecological planning methods for urban environmental forest on Gaepo neighborhood park, Gangnamgu in Seoul. Thirty-six plots that the size of each plot was 10$\times$10m(100\ulcorner) were set up and the vegetation analysis was carried out. Field survey was executed Apirl, 1994. The actual vegetation was consisted of Poplulus$\times$albaglandulosa community(73.03%), Robinia pseudoacacia community(8.30%) P. $\times$ albaglandulosa-R.pseudoacacia community(1.81%) and environmental forest (15.22%) in the survey site. According to mean importance values of each plot, survey area were divided into ten forest communities. As for the analysis of plant community structure which was classified into ten forest communities, the importance values, ecological diversity, number of species, number of individuals, basal area and crown coverage of urban environmental forest were relatively lower than those of the native community. In urban environmental forest of Gaepo neighborhood park, it showed problems for the planting method. So urban environmental forest should be constructed considering ecological characteristics based on above results.

• 환경생물
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.220-226
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• 2004

경기도 시흥시 정왕동 시화공업단지 내 주식회사 진도종합건설 시화소각장 주변을 생태적으로 건전하게 유지하기 위한 수단으로 생태적 설계에 바탕을 두고 복원사업을 실시하였고, 서울시 노원구의 수락산에 인공 조림된 아까시나무 임분을 복원생태학의 원리에 바탕을 두고 관리하여 그 효과를 평가하였다. 생태학적으로 창조된 숲은 조경 방법을 적용하여 조성된 숲과 비교하여 주변의 자연림과 더 유사한 종 조성을 나타내었고, 종 다양성도 높아 생태적 복원의 효과가 확인되었다. 생태학적 원리를 적용하여 관리된 아까시나무 임분은 그러한 관리없이 방치된 것과 비교하여 인근의 자연림과 더 유사한 종 조성을 나타내었고, 종 다양성도 높아 여기서도 복원의 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 이러한 생태적 복원은 사업시행자 및 감독자의 전문성 결여, 생태적 특성이 반영되지 않은 건축조례, 묘목의 부재 등 여러 가지 현실적 문제점을 드러내었다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 대안으로 건축조례의 개선을 포함하여 해당지역의 자연환경에 토대를 둔 식재 지침 마련, 묘목의 준비 및 국민의 의식 수준을 향상시키기 위한 환경교육의 필요성을 제시하였다.