• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.216-220
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• 2017

The effect of electron beam (EB) irradiation on the electrical properties of Zn-Sn-O (ZTO) thin films fabricated using a sol-gel process was investigated. As the EB dose increased, the saturation mobility of ZTO thin film transistors (TFTs) was found to slightly decrease, and the subthreshold swing and on/off ratio degenerated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the O 1s core level showed that the relative area of oxygen vacancies ($V_O$) increased from 10.35 to 12.56 % as the EB dose increased from 0 to $7.5{\times}10^{16}electrons/cm^2$. Also, spectroscopic ellipsometry analysis showed that the optical band gap varied from 3.53 to 3.96 eV with increasing EB dose. From the results of the electrical property and XPS analyses of the ZTO TFTs, it was found that the electrical characteristic of the ZTO thin films changed from semiconductor to conductor with increasing EB dose. It is thought that the electrical property change is due to the formation of defect sites like oxygen vacancies.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.235-241
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• 2020

We aimed to determine the effect of timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocols on the pregnancy rate per insemination and pregnancy loss compared with AI performed at detected estrus in dairy cows and Korean Hanwoo cattle under heat stress. In dairy cattle, 1,250 sets of data that underwent AI during heat stress (temperature-humidity index ≥ 72) were categorized according to their TAI protocols or as controls: 1) PGF_2α-36 h-estradiol benzoate (EB)-36 h-TAI (PG-EB group, n = 113); 2) GnRH-7 days-PGF_2α-56 h-GnRH-16 h-TAI (Ovsynch group, n = 455); or 3) GnRH-6 days-Ovsynch (G6G group, n = 136). The remaining cows underwent AI at detected estrus (AIDE group, n = 546). The probability of pregnancy per AI 45 days after AI was higher (P < 0.01) in the PG-EB (odds ratio [OR]: 1.68), Ovsynch (OR: 1.48), and G6G (OR: 1.79) groups than in the AIDE group. However, the prevalence of pregnancy loss between 30 and 45 days after AI did not differ among the groups. In Hanwoo cattle, 617 sets of data inseminated artificially under heat stress were categorized into AIDE (n = 281), PG-EB (n = 194), and combined Ovsynch or G6G (n = 142) groups. The probability of pregnancy per AI 45 days after AI and the prevalence of pregnancy loss between 30 and 45 days after AI did not differ among the groups. Thus, implementation of a TAI protocol (PG-EB, Ovsynch, or G6G) in dairy cows under heat stress improves the pregnancy rate per AI versus AIDE, whereas there is no beneficial effect of TAI on the pregnancy rate of Hanwoo cattle under heat stress.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-18
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• 2005

In ebXML, a representative framework for electronic commerce, a BPS (Business Process Specification) should be finally defined as an instance of XML-version BPSS for the configuration of B2B (Business to Business) runtime systems . In order to define the instance more complete and consistent, it is required to validate all the semantic constraints on the instance . Due to the limitations of XML Schema constructs, however, current XML-version BPSS fails to specify formal semantic constraints completely. This paper presents how to find, express and reuse BPSS semantic constraints that could not be explicitly defined in the XML-version BPSS. The method facilitates the validation of XML-version BPSS instances easily with some useful guides for fixing violations of semantic constraints. Furthermore, B2B business processes can be standardized and applied more efficiently and effectively.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.477-483
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• 2015

In this paper, Euler-Bernoulli beam theories(EB-beam) are used, and Fast Fourier Transformation(FFT) analysis is then employed to extract their natural frequencies using both analytical approach and Co-rotational plane beam(CR-beam) EDISON program. EB-beam is used to analyze a spring-mass system with a single degree of freedom. Sinusoidal force with various frequencies and constant magnitude are applied to tip of each beam. After the oscillatory tip response is observed in EB-beam, it decreases and finally converges to the so-called 'steady-state.' The decreasing rate of the tip deflection with respect to time is reduced when the forcing frequency is increased. Although the tip deflection is found to be independent of the excitation frequency, it turns out that time to reach the steady state response is dependent on the forcing frequency.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.2
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• pp.361-370
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• 2004

ebXML(Electronic Business using extensible Markup Language) is an XML based new international standard framework of the electronic business. Interoperability among mutually different industry fields can be realized by reusing core component, as a infrastructure of data. For this interoperability, it is needed to define the concrete concept of core component, through analyzing the role and applicability of the core component in business process which defines the interoperability among different companies. Therefore, in this paper, we Inquire the role of the core component in the ebXML, and implement the core component storage system which generates core component to register in registry/repository. The designed system for storing the core component generates suitable core component structure to register in registry/repositor), which can be used to generate new business information entity in a modeling step of business process.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.247-251
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• 2011

To clarify whether inhibitory effect of estrogen on liver tumor is associated with cell proliferation, we investigated its role in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced rat preneoplastic lesions, with time sequenced manners. F344 male rats (n = 90) were divided into three groups at 5 weeks of age. The mini-osmotic pumps providing a continuous infusion of DEN was implanted into the abdominal cavity of each animal in group 1, 2 and 3 at 6 weeks of age. To see the effect of estrogen, pellet containing 1 or 10 ${\mu}g$ of estradiol-3-benzoate (EB) was implanted subcutaneously in the animals of groups 2 or 3, respectively, one week prior to DEN treatment. Ten animals of each group were euthanized at 10, 14 and 18 weeks after DEN treatment. Liver tissues at each time point were fixed in 10% phosphate-buffered formalin and were processed and embedded in paraffin and 5 ${\mu}g$ sections mounted on a silanized slide. Glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P) positive foci and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling cells were detected at each time point. Area of GST-P positive foci in DEN+EB 1 or 10 ${\mu}g$ group was significantly decreased compared to DEN alone at 14 weeks (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05, respectively) an at 18 weeks (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01, respectively). BrdU index in DEN+EB 1 or 10 ${\mu}g$ groups was significantly decreased compared to DEN alone at 14 weeks and at 18 weeks (p < 0.01). Taken together, we conclude that EB treatment decrease the DEN-induced liver preneoplastic lesions and this may be associated with decrease of cellular proliferation.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2012

Purpose: Polymerization of HEMA(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) which can be used in the soft contact lens has been performed by using electron beam(EB) irradiation, and examined the best condition for the polymerization. Comparing the physical properties of the contact lenses to the one fabricated by thermal polymerization method, we check the use possibility of the EB irradiation to the fabrication of the soft contact lens. Methods: We investigated the degree of polymerization of the HEMA according to the composition of the monomer, the additive ratio and the dose of electron beam (0~120 kGy). The degree of polymerization was measured depending on the EB dose to research the best synthetic condition under the EB irradiation. The physical properties of the contact lens such as water content(%), oxygen transmissibility(Dk/t) and optical transmittance were analysed by using the FT-IR results with comparing the two different polymerization method (thermal and electron beam polymerization) with same additive ratio. Results: When the dose of electron beam was above 100 kGy, the degree of polymerization of HEMA was above 99% with regardless using cross-linker and initiator. The water content of the lens fabricated by EB method showed 10% higher than the one by the thermal method which was 40%. The lens fabricated by EB method also showed higher oxygen transmissibility(Dk/t) as same with the water content, and showed twice higher value in the lens fabricated by pure HEMA. According to the FT-IR results, hydrophilic property of the lens fabricated by EB method was increased due to increasing the intermolecular hydrogen bonding. It showed above 90% optical transmittance in the visible range of wavelength on the contact lenses fabricated by the both of two different polymerization method. Conclusions: The polymerization of HEMA without cross-linker and initiator was successful above 100 kGy of EB irradiation. Moreover the lens fabricated from the polymer synthesized by pure HEMA with 100 kGy of EB showed the highest water content and oxygen transmissibility. Therefore EB irradiation is another possible method to synthesize the polymer which can be used for the soft contact lens.

• The Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.30-37
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• 1994

본 연구는 전온하의 질소가스에서 구대 평판전극을 사용하여 온도변화([$0^{\circ}C$]~[$80^{\circ}C$]와 전극간 거리(d=1.0, 2.0, 3.0[mm])를 변환시켰 을 때의 방전트성을 연구하였다. 본 연구에서 얻은 중요한 결론은 다음과 같다. \circled1 온도가 저하함에 따라 절연파괴전압(VB)은 상승한다. \circled2 온도를 강하시킴에 따라 방전지속시간(t)이 길어진다. \circled3 전극의 불평등성이 클수록 절연파괴전압(VB)의 온도의존성이 커진다. \circled4 절연파괴 전계강도(EB)는 다음식으로 표현할 수 있다. 여기서, A, B 및 C는 상수이며 그 값은 다음표와 같다. EB=$AT^2$+BT+C(EB: 절연파괴 전계강도[kV/mm], T: 측정시의 온도[$^{\circ}C$]).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Developmental Biology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.126-126
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• 2003

유전적으로 우수한 미경산우를 선발하여 조기에 우수한 수정란을 생산하여 이식 후 개량을 촉진한다는 것은 소의 육종개량에서 매우 중요한 일이다. 일반적으로 경산우에 비해 미경산우는 수정란의 생산효율이 떨어진다는 보고가 있다. 최근에는 다배란 처리시 FSH와 Estradiol Benzoate(EB)를 사용하여 다배란처리 효율을 개선하였다는 보고(Matoba 등, 2002)가 있어 EB의 첨가가 미경산우에 있어 수정란 생산 효율을 개선하는 지를 조사하기 위해 60일 간격으로 반복하여 다배란 유기실험을 수행하였다. 공란우는 11 -15개월령의 한우 16두를 평균 90일 주기로 반복 다배란 처리우로 사용하였으며 발정 주기중 황체 중기 소에게 CIDR plus를 질내에 삽입하고 다음날 EB를 근육주사하였으며, 120시간 후 부터 FSH 50mg을 1일 2회, 4일간 주사하고 마지막 날 prostaglandin제제를 25mg 근육주사한 다음에 48, 60시간 후 인공수정을 반복 실시하였다. 인공 수정시는 배란을 촉진하기 위해 GnRH제(콘세랄)을 50mg을 근육주사하였다. (중략)

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.439-440
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• 2008