• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.131-160
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was 1) to understand the job transfer in education & training(E&T) programs & organizational situational characteristics, and 2) to analyze the effects of the E&T programs & organizational situational characteristic groups on each of the levels of job transfer. There is intimate relationship between E&T programs characteristics & organizational situational characteristics and job transfer, so we can't think of them separately. With this point of view the most frequently discussed problem is how to apply the theory in actual job, but in reality it's true that the improvement of job transfer can't reach the expectations of the E&T programs. In literature view study, the concepts of job transfer in E&T, the general theory on E&T, and the actual condition and points at issue of the existing E&T practices in the medium and small-sized hospitals were defined. As the results from empirical analysis, we could find followings: First, in evaluation of the job transfer, demographic characteristics (seniority, occupational category, position) variables have a significant different. Second, in degree of the job transfer, E&T programs characteristics(contents of E&T, design of E&T, conditions of E&T, teaching ability of lecturer, methods of E&T) variables have a different influence upon each of the evaluation levels of E&T. Third, support of CEO variables have a different influence on the job transfer according to contents, design, conditions of the E&T programs. Fourth, support of co-works variables have a different influence on the job transfer according to design, conditions, method of the E&T programs. Fifty, support of organizational atmosphere variables have a different influence on the job transfer according to contents, design, conditions of the E&T programs.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-29
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• 2006

The recent development of IT, consolidation of communication and multimedia technology have brought enormous changes in many organizations. Theses changes are enabling the new educational opportunities such as distance teaming and virtual class room. Recently, e-Learning has grown rapidly in business training field, In the context of companies, e-Learning has merits in terms of access convenience, costs reduction self-directed learning, reciprocity, and flexibility. In this regard, the primary purpose of this study is to investigate which factors of e-Learning influence the effectiveness of education and transfer of loaming in business organizations. Based on the prior studies of the education and business training field, research model and research hypotheses were developed. Factors studied in this paper were as follows: 1) learners' characteristics, 2) organizational support and 3) system environments. The results of our study are as follows. (1) Motivation perceived usefulness in Learner factors had an significant influence on both learning effectiveness and transfer of teaming, whereas Ability, expectation had an influence on transfer of teaming. (2) Support from peer, support from supervisor in Organization factors had an significant influence on both Loaming effectiveness and transfer of teaming, whereas support from organization had influence on learning effectiveness. (3) Appropriate contents in system circumstance had an significant influence on both teaming effectiveness and transfer of teaming, whereas interface design had an influence on learning effectiveness.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.349-359
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• 2010

Objective: This study was performed to compare the clinical outcome of elective single embryo transfer (eSET) performed at the cleavage stage to that of elective double embryo transfer (eDET). Methods: Of the women less than 36 years old who visited Daegu Maria from January 2008 to April 2009, the only women (n=330) with more than 8 mm of endometrial thickness and at least one good quality embryo, who were treated with GnRH agonist long protocol, were included in this study. After information about complications that can arise by multiple embryo transfer, either eSET or eDET was conducted by their request (167 and 163, respectively).Results: The implantation rate of eSET group was significantly higher than that of eDET group (53.9% vs. 40.2%, p<0.01). The twin pregnancy rate of eSET group was significantly lower than that of eDET group (1.1% vs. 32.3%, p<0.001). However, there were no significant differences between two groups in the clinical pregnancy (53.3% vs. 60.7%, p=0.172), ongoing pregnancy (47.3% vs. 54.6%, p=0.185) and live birth rates (44.9% vs. 50.9%, p=0.275). The number of the surplus embryos which developed to the blastocyst stage and cryopreserved at that stage was significantly higher in eSET group than that of eDET group ($3.2{\pm}2.6$ vs. $2.1{\pm}2.4$, p<0.001). Conclusion: These results suggest that eSET should reduce significantly the multiple baby pregnancy without decreasing the whole pregnancy rate in women with less than 36 years old.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2011

Objective: This study was carried out to compare the clinical outcome of elective single cleavage-embryo transfer (eSCET) to that of elective single blastocyst-embryo transfer (eSBET) in human IVF-ET. Methods: This study was a retrospective study which analyzed for 614 women who visited the Daegu Maria Clinic from August 2008 to December 2009. All were under 37 years old and had more than 8 mm of endometrial thickness on the day of hCG administration and at least one good quality embryo on day 3. The eSCETs were performed on day 3 (n=450) and the eSBETs were conducted on day 5 (n=164). Results: The numbers of retrieved oocytes, fertilized oocytes, and day 3 good quality embryos were significantly lower in the eSCET group (12.1${\pm}$6.0, 8.2${\pm}$4.6, and 4.2${\pm}$3.1, respectively) compared to the eSBET group (16.7${\pm}$7.2, 12.1${\pm}$5.0, and 8.5${\pm}$4.5, respectively; p<0.001). However, the clinical pregnancy, implantation, on-going pregnancy, and live birth rates of the eSCET group (46.7, 46.9, 40.0, and 36.7%, respectively) were not statistically different from those of the eSBET group (51.2, 51.8, 45.1, and 43.9%, respectively; p=0.318, 0.278, 0.254, and 0.103, respectively). Conclusion: These results suggested that elective single embryo transfer should be performed regardless of the developmental stage to women less than 37 years old who had more than 8 mm of endometrial thickness on the hCG administration day and at least one good quality embryo on day 3 in order to reduce the twin pregnancy rate without reducing the whole pregnancy rate.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.373-380
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• 2016

Spray cooling is a technology of increasing interest for electronic cooling and other high heat flux applications. In this study, heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) and critical heat fluxes (CHFs) are measured on a smooth square flat copper heater of $9.53{\times}9.53mm$ at $36^{\circ}C$ in a pool, a smooth flat surface and Thermoexcel-E surfaces are used to see the change in HTCs and CHFs according to the surface characteristics and FC-72 is used as the working fluid. FC-72 fluid has a significant influence on heat transfer characteristics of the spray over the cooling surface. HTCs are taken from $10kW/m^2$ to critical heat flux for all surfaces. Test results with Thermoexcel-E showed that CHFs of all enhanced surface is greatly improved. It can be said that surface form affects heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.220-225
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• 2018

A class E power oscillator is demonstrated for 6.78-MHz wireless power transfer system. The oscillator is designed with a class E power amplifier to use an LC feedback network with a high-Q inductor between the input and the output. Multiple capacitors are used to minimize the variation of the oscillation frequency by capacitance tolerance. The gate and drain bias voltages with opposite characteristics to make the frequency shift of the oscillator are connected in a resistance distribution circuit located at the output of the low drop-out regulator and supplied bias voltages for class E operation. The measured output of the class E power oscillator, realized using the co-simulation, shows 9.2 W transmitted power, 6.98 MHz frequency and 86.5% transmission efficiency at the condition with 20 V $V_{DS}$ and 2.4 V $V_{GS}$.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2006

The effects of aliphatic hydrocarbons (n-hexadecane and n-dodecane) on the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient $(k_L\;a)$ were studied in flat alveolar airlift reactor and continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs). In the flat alveolar airlift reactor, high aeration rates (>2vvm) were required in order to obtain efficient organic-aqueous phase dispersion and reliable $k_La$ measurements. Addition of 1% (v/v) n-hexadecane or n-dodecane increased the $k_La$ 1.55- and 1.33-fold, respectively, compared to the control (superficial velocity: $25.8{\times}10^{-3}m/s$, sparger orifice diameter: 0.5 mm). Analysis of the gas-liquid interfacial area a and the liquid film mass transfer coefficient $k_L$ suggests that the observed $k_La$ increase was a function of the media's liquid film mass transfer. Addition of 1% (v/v) n-hexadecane or n-dodecane to analogous setups using CSTRs led to a $k_La$ increase by a factor of 1.68 and 1.36, respectively (superficial velocity: $2.1{\times}10^{-3}m/s$, stirring rate: 250 rpm). These results propose that low-concentration addition of oxygen-vectors to aerobic microbial cultures has additional benefit relative to incubation in purely aqueous media.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.500-505
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• 1991

The stereoselectivity on the electron-transfer reaction between optical active ${\bigwedge}$-[CO(EDDS)]- and conformationally restricted complex $[Co({\pm}chxn)_3]^{2+}$ has been examined in aqueous solution. The products are four conformational isomers $(lel_3,\;lel_2ob,\;lelob_2,\;and\;ob_3)$ of ${\bigwedge}$-[Co(chxn)$_3]^{3+}$ with optical purities of 22% e.e, 25% e.e, 11% e.e, and 10% e.e, respectively. The reaction between ${\bigwedge}$-[CO(EDDS)]- and $[Co({\pm}chxn)_3]^{2+}$ in DMSO produced lel3-${\Delta}$ and lel2ob-${\Delta}$-[Co(chxn)$_3]^{3+}$ whose optical purities are 100% e.e, and 75% e.e, respectively.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.411-430
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• 2018

This computational study examines the augmentation of classic 2-D Rayleigh-$B{\acute{e}}nard$ convection by the addition of periodically-spaced transverse fins. The fins are attached to the heated base of the cavity and serve to partition the cavity into 'units' with different aspect ratios. The respective impacts upon heat transfer of the fin configuration parameters - including spacing, height, thickness and thermal conductivity - are systematically examined through numerical simulations for a range of laminar Rayleigh numbers (0 < Ra < $2{\times}10^5$) and reported in terms of an average Nusselt number. The selection of the low Rayleigh number regime is linked to likely scenarios within aerospace applications (e.g. avionics cooling) where the cavity length scale and/or gravitational acceleration is small. The net heat transfer augmentation is found to result from a combination of competing fin effects, most of which are hydrodynamic in nature. Heat transfer enhancement of up to $1.2{\times}$ that for a Rayleigh-$B{\acute{e}}nard$ cavity without fins was found to occur under favorable fin configurations. Such configurations are generally characterized by short, thin fins with half-spacings somewhat less than the convection cell diameter from classic Rayleigh-$B{\acute{e}}nard$ theory. In contrast, for unfavorable configurations, it is found that the introduction of fins can result in a significant reduction in the heat transfer performance.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.130-135
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• 2008

The objectives of this study are to investigate the combined heat and mass transfer enhancement using binary nanofluids as the working fluids in a $H_2O$/LiBr absorber. The result of heat and mass transfer experiment with the additives(Arabicgum, 2E1H) showed that the heat and mass transfer performance of binary nanofluid with 2E1H enhanced significantly in comparison with that without additive. In the case of 0.01wt% $Al_2O_3$ binary nanofluids with 2E1H, the vapor absorption rate increased up to 77% in comparison with that without additive. The heat transfer rate of 0.01wt% $Al_2O_3$ binary nanofluids with 2E1H increased up to 19%. Based on the experimental results, it is recommended that the $Al_2O_3$ binary nanofluid be good with 2E1H to improve the heat and mass transfer performance.