• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.5301-5310
• /
• 2013

The biological mechanisms of cancer and associations with behavior of tumours need to be studied to understand progression and determine appropriate treatments. Here we investigated expression of VEGF, MMP-9 and E-cadherin in laryngeal SCCs and their relations with clinical behavior. This prospective study was based on 38 surgical specimens from patients with primary laryngeal SCC and data recorded in their cards. Expression of the three factors in tumor tissue was examined using immunohistochemistry and correlations with clinical parameters of primary tumors, regional lymph node metastases, stage of disease, histopathologic differentiation, and vascular/cartilage invasion were investigated. Regarding the cases with positive MMP-9 expression, the difference between well and moderately/poorly differentiated tumors was statistically significant. However, differences between early stage (stage I and II) and late-stage (stage III and IV) tumours, and between positive and negative for pLN metastasis were not. No significant relationship between positive VEGF and tumor differentiation or stage was apparent, but E-cadherin levels significantly differed between well and moderately/poorly differentiated tumours and with the presence of pLN metastasis. E-cadherin staining did not vary between MMP-9 positive and negative cases. In conclusion, MMP-9 may be a negative predictor of differentiation in laryngeal SCC, while E-cadherin is a predictor of differentiation and nodal metastases. Even if the difference between VEGF expression and tumor stage was not statistically significant, it seems that there exists some relationship, which might be clarified with a greater number of cases.

• Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
• /
• 1998.10a
• /
• pp.141-148
• /
• 1998

ㆍ Design Creation is More Efficient ㆍ Large Shared Body of Knowledge Created and Maintained...Reducing Training Time, Re-Training, Costs and Design Efforts. ㆍ Electronic Data Easier to Exchange and Integrate. An Overall Increase in Efficiency, Savings and Competitiveness Will be Achieved(omitted)

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.7-15
• /
• 2004

In this paper, we develop a vowel training assistant method using vowel formant statistics. Formant statistics were obtained from a PBW set consisting of 452 words from 8 persons. Then we calculated distance from input formants to each center of vowel formant space. Based on the distance, directions could be given to correct the speaker's manner of articulations, i.e. position of jaw and tongue.

• Digital Contents
• /
• no.3 s.142
• /
• pp.78-79
• /
• 2005

e러닝은 기존의 오프라인 교육의 보완 수단을 뛰어넘어, 새로운 학습 패러다임을 형성하며 학습자에게 새로운 학습의 기회를 제공해 주고 있는 것은 분명하다. 하지만 e러닝은 기업에서 직원들의 훈련을 좀 더 경제적, 효과적으로 실시하기 위해 먼저 도입하기 시작했기 때문에 e러닝을 통해 학습 활동이 이뤄졌을 때 학습효과가 얼마나 월등하게 있는지에 대한 검증은 아직 이뤄지지 않은 시점이다. 또한 현재 이뤄지고 있는 e러닝은 학습자에 맞는 살아 움직이는 학습이 아닌 일방적으로 이미 정해져 있는 자료를 단순히 전달해 주는 훈련(e-training) 위주로 이뤄지고 있어 오히려 학습자들의 학습효과와 흥미를 떨어뜨리고 있는게 안타까운 현실이다.이에 필자는 살아 움직이는 진정한 e러닝 되기 위한 전략에 대해 애기하고자 한다

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2003.07a
• /
• pp.181-183
• /
• 2003

This paper presents an operator training simulator for power system restoration against massive black-out. The system is designed especially focused on the generality and convenient setting up for initial condition of simulation. The former is accomplished by using on line calculation methodology, and PSS/E data is used to define the initial situation. The proposed simulator consists of three major components - the Power flow(PF) module, data conversion(CONV) module and CUI subsystem. PF module calculates power flow, and then checks overvoltage of buses and overflow of lines. CONV module composes an Y-Bus array and a data base at each restoration action. The initial Y-Bus array is constructed from PSS/E data. The user friendly GUI module is developed including graphic editor and built-in operation manual. As a result, the maximum processing time for one step operation is 15 seconds, which is adequate for training purpose. Comparison with PSS/E simulation proves the accuracy and reliability of the training system.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.204-216
• /
• 2005

Purpose: This study evaluated the education and training for public health nursing personnel and we suggest a development plan for their education and training. Methods: The data was collected from the annual planning reports of the Department of Health and Welfare Training in the Korea National Institute of Health from 1985 to 2004. Results: The summary of problems on the education and training included 1) unspecific educational goals and objectives, 2) a shortage of education and training programs for improving practical skills and knowledge on health promotion and chronic disease management, and 3) ineffective teaching methods based on lecture. In order to overcome these problems, education & training for public health nursing personnel should 1) establish dear and specific goals and objectives, 2) develop educational programs that focus on the trainee's needs and develop a long term educational program for reinforcing practical competency along with elementary courses for novices & advanced courses for experts, 3) utilize effective teaching methods such as case study, e-learning and applied learning programs. Conclusion: The education and training for public health nursing personnel should be improved in order to reinforce their competency and their ability to cope with the changing health care environment of the 21st century.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.27-51
• /
• 2014

The objective of this study is to analyze problems and needs regarding recent education informatization in China and to seek implications for prospective international education cooperation between Korea and China. Toward this end, 76 individual and team reports submitted by Chinese trainees participated in APEC e-Learning Training Program from 2006 to 2013 were analyzed. The results are as follows. First, the most critical problem related to Chinese education informatization was identified as a lack of educational resources. The next three problems identified were, in order of importance, a lack of motivation to use ICT in education, the absence of a system for management and evaluation, and labor shortages in the supply of teachers and professional personnel. Second, with regard to the changing annual trends in China's education informatization needs, the issues of education/training and organizational environment to activate ICT use in education have been ranked high for the last eight years. In contrast, the matter of infrastructure has not been cited as a problem since 2008. However, more recently, the lack of relevant policy and the management and evaluation system have been raised, emphasizing the need for more systematic and professional policies and administrative systems.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.89-108
• /
• 2006

This study is to survey on the status of human resource training programs related to ubiquitous technologies and services of domestic universities. So, this study develop a classification system about human resource related to ubiquitous technologies and services. We propose the implications and plans which are based on the status of human resource training programs related to ubiquitous technologies and services. Human resources related to ubiquitous technology are classified by the flow of information in ubiquitous environment. And human resources related to ubiquitous service are classified by ubiquitous user view. This study can be used to find collaboration alternatives for breeding up ubiquitous human resources and referred to analyzing on the supply and demand of ubiquotous human resources.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.20 no.9
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2006

This paper presents an operator training simulator for power system restoration against massive blackout. The system is designed especially focused on the generality and convenient setting up for initial condition of simulation. The former is accomplished by using power flow calculation methodology, and PSS/E data is used to set up the initial state for easy setting. The proposed simulator consists of three major components-a power flow(PF), a data conversion(CONV), and, a GUI module. The PF module calculates power flow, and then checks over-voltages of buses and overloads of lines. The CONV module composes a Y-Bus array and a database at each restoration action. The initial Y-Bus array is composed from PSS/E data. A user friendly GUI module is developed including a graphic editor and a built-in operation manual. The maximum processing time for one step operation is 15 seconds, which is adequate for training purpose.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.1411-1418
• /
• 2010

Training for using e-learning has offered various options of contents and methods to learners. Both contents with high quality and the effective operation of LMS are very important to increase effectiveness. This paper analyzed the status of LMS which was necessary to improve quality of training for learners using e-learning. Based on analysis, it collected the opinions of experts by using delphi methods. Then, it suggested the improvement of the LMS and necessary functions of LMS in Distance Education & Training Institutes.