• 감성과학
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 카모마일, 라벤더, 샌달우드를 혼합한 아로마 혼합오일(CLS)과 면역억제제(FK506)의 아토피 피부염 치료효과를 알아보기 위하여 혈청 중 IgE(Immunoglobulin E)와 IgG1(Immunoglobulin G1)의 수준의 감소효과, 피부 임상지수를 이용한 육안평가 등을 실시하였다. 그 결과 IgE 수준을 낮추는데는 CLS가 더 효과적이었고, IgG1 수준을 감소시키는 데에는 FK506이 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 육안평가 결과를 통하여 아토피 피부염을 가진 마우스에 FK506과 CLS를 도포한 후 2주까지는 아토피 증상을 더 악화시켰으며 4주후부터는 증상완화가 현저하게 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 FK506의 효과가 두드러졌는데 이는 IgG1 수준감소와 관련이 있는 것으로 사료되며 이와 관련하여 보다 심도있는 실험 조사가 필요하겠다. 이상의 결과로부터 카모마일 저먼, 라벤더, 샌달우드의 아로마 혼합오일이 아토피 피부염의 개선에 효능이 있음이 인정되었고 이와 같이 장기간 피부에 도포하여 치료하는 경우 CLS가 아토피 치료의 한 방법으로서 가능성이 보임을 확인하였음에 본 연구의 의의가 있다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.9-36
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of a concurrent administration of JUJSTK and AJ on atopic dermatitis in an in-vivo experiment. Thus, this study is expressed by using NC/Nga atopic dermatitis mice which have histological and clinical similarities to that of humans have been used. Methods Clinical skin score, hematology, serum total IgE and IgG1 of the mouse was evaluated, and cytokine levels, total number of the cells, immunohistochemical staining, histological features of axillary lymph node(ALN), peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs), and a dorsal skin tissue of the mouse were analyzed. Results Oral administration of JUJSTK and concurrent administration of JUJSTK and AJ lowered the clinical skin score, total cell number of WBC, eosinophils in blood, and serum total of IgE & IgG1, IFN-$\gamma$, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17. In addition, total cell number of ALN and dorsal skin tissue, absolute cell number of $CD3e^+$ T cell, $CD4^+$ Th cell, $CD8^+$ c/sT cell, $CD3^+CCR3^+$ cell, $CCR3^+$ cell, $CD3^+CD69^+$, $CD4^+CXCR5^+$ in ALN, PBMCs, absolute cell number of $CCR3^+$, $CD3^+/CD69^+$, $CD11b^+/Gr-1^+$, $CD11b^+/Gr-1^+$ in dorsal skin tissue, Eotaxin2 mRNA, CCR3 mRNA in dorsal skin tissue and gene expression of IL-5 mRNA, IL-13 mRNA in ALN were significantly decreased. Furthermore, thickness of epidermis infiltrated inflammatory immune cell & mast cell in dermis, histological infiltration of mast cell, the size of inflammatory lymphocytes cells & plasma cells in ALN and histological infiltration of $CD4^+$ & $CCR3^+$ in ALN and dorsal skin tissue were significantly decreased as well. Conclusions Concurrent administration of JUJSTK and AJ on atopic dermatitis in an in-vivoexperiment by using an NC/Nga atopic dermatitis mouse was very effective as an atopic dermatitis treatment.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.1-29
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• 2014

Objectives Dictamni Radicis Cortex extracts (DRC) has been known to suppress allergic reaction, however the cellular target of DRC and its mode of action remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Dictamni Radicis Cortex extracts on DNCB induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions of NC/Nga mouse. Methods This study was designed to investigate the effects of DRC extract in the DNP-IgE-induced activation of MC/9 murine mast cell lines in vitro and in the DNCB-induced activation of NC/Nga mouse in vivo. For this investigation, We examined IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, TNF-${\alpha}$ and GM-CSF mRNA expression by Real-time PCR, IL-13, MIP-$1{\alpha}$ production by ELISA analysis and manifestations of NFAT1, NFAT2, AP-1 and NF-${\kappa}B$ p65 transcription factors by western blotting in vitro. Then, we examined WBC, eosinophil and neutrophil in NC/Nga mouse, IL-5, IL-13 in serum, IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4 in the spleenocyte culture supernatant, the absolute cell numbers of $CD4^+$, $CD8^+$, $^+Gr-1^+CD11b$, $B220^+CD23^+$ in the ALN, PBMCs and dorsal skin, IL-5, IL-13 in the dorsal skin by Real-time PCR and the distribution of mast cells by H&E and toluidine blue. Results In vitro the mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, TNF-${\alpha}$, GM-CSF and IL-13, MIP-$1{\alpha}$ production by ELISA analysis were completely abolished by DRC and the western blot analysis decreased the expression of mast cell-specific transcription factors including NFAT-1, NF-${\kappa}B$ p65. In vivo DRC oral adminstration also decreased the counts of WBC, eosinophils and inflammatory cytokines such as IL-13 and IgE in the serum. DRC oral adminstration elevated IL-4 level in the spleenocyte culture supernatant. DRC oral adminstration decreased total ALN cells, total skin cells, cell numbers of $CD4^+$, $B220^+CD23^+$ in the ALN, $^+Gr-1^+CD11b$ in the PBMCs and $CD4^+$, $CD8^+$ in the dorsal skin. The mRNA expression of IL-5, IL-13, thickness of epidermis, inflammation immune cells and mast cells were abolished by DRC in the dorsal skin. Conclusions Histological examination showed that infiltration levels of immune cells in the skin of AD-induced NC/Nga mouse were much improved by DRC oral adminstration. These results, therefore, suggest that DRC can regulate molecular mediators and immune cells that are functionally associated with atopic dermatitis induced in NC/Nga mouse, and may play an important role in recovering AD symptoms.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2014

Pear skin stains on 'Niitaka' pears, which occur from the growing stage to the cold storage stage, reportedly negatively influence the marketing of pears. These stains on fruit skin are likely due to a pathogenic fungus that resides on the skin and is characterized by dark stains; however, the mycelium of this fungus does not penetrate into the sarcocarp and is only present on the cuticle layer of fruit skin. A pathogenic fungus was isolated from the skin lesions of infected fruits, and its pathogenicity was subsequently tested. According to the pathogenicity test, Mycosphaerella sp. was strongly pathogenic, while Penicillium spp. and Alternaria spp. showed modest pathogenicity. In this present study, we isolated the pathogenic fungus responsible for the symptoms of pears (i.e., dark brown-colored specks) and identified it as Mycosphaerella graminicola based on its morphological characteristics and the nucleotide sequence of the beta-tubulin gene. M. graminicola was pathogenic to the skin of 'Niitaka' pears, which are one of the most widely growing varieties of pears in South Korea.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.975-985
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• 2017

UV 조사에 의해 유도된 광노화(photoaging)에 대한 한천젤마스크(agar gel mask, AGM)의 효과를 평가하기 위해, SKH-1 hairless 마우스의 피부에 4주간의 UV조사와 AGM 및 에센스처리 한천젤마스크(agar gel mask dipped in essence, AGMdE)를 동시에 처리한 후 피부주름, 피부표현형, 피부조직구조, 항산화조건 및 독성 등을 분석하였다. AGM과 AGMdE의 부착은 주름형성의 억제, 홍반지수의 감소, 피부수분의 증진뿐만 아니라 경피 수분손실(TEWL)을 방지하였다. 또한, 표피두께는 UV+Vehicle 처리군과 비교했을 때, UV+AGM 및 UV+AGMdE 처리군에서 UV를 조사하지 않은 그룹과 유사한 수준으로 회복되었다. MMP-1과 tyrosinase의 발현수준은 UV+Vehicle 처리군에서 가장 높게 증가하였으나 UV+AGM 및 UV+AGMdE 처리군에서 유의적으로 감소하였다. 더불어, SOD 활성은 UV+Vehicle 처리군에 비하여 UV+AGM 및 UV+AGMdE 처리군에서 유의적으로 감소되었지만, 대부분의 독성화합물 처리에 의해 유도되는 혈청생화학적 지표와 조직학적 특성의 변화는 UV+AGM 및 UV+AGMdE 처리군에서 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서, 이러한 결과들은 AGM이 피부형태, 조직학적 구조, 산화적 상태를 조절함으로써 피부노화를 예방하는 마스크팩으로 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 있음을 제시한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.116-126
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• 1998

This study was conducted to examine the effect of difference in materials of aerobic wear on both human body's physiological reactions and subjective wearing sensation by comparing and analysing not only cotton sparidex A, B and C but nylon spandex D, E and F used as actually wearing materials. The rectal temperature of type A and I remained at high degree, the type C was higher from after high-speed running but dropped sharply when taking a break finally. Both skin temperature and mean skin temperature dropped sharply due to sweat occurred during physical exercise, and then rose slowly when taking a break. Type A -D and B-I showed that the mean skin temperature remained at high degree when wearing a cotton spandex. Type C's temperature within its aerobic wear was lower than type F while its relative humidity was higher than type F. Wearing sensation showed a change similar to wearing, particularly, which was remarkable in type B-E. Also, it was shown that humidity sensation, tactile sensation and comfort sensation were good when wearing the cotton spandex.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.43.1-43.1
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• 2018

Spatial distribution of binding state in depth direction is investigated in a hard skin layer on soft polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fabricated by Ar ion beam irradiations. The hard skin layer known as a silica-like homogenous layer was composed of two layers. Impinging Ar ions transfer energy to PDMS as a function of collisional energy transfer rate, which is the maximum at surface and decreases gradually as an ion penetrates. This formed the heterogeneous hard skin layer that consists of a top-most layer and an intermediate layer. XPS depth profiling showed the existence of the top-most layer and intermediate layer. In the top-most layer, scission and cross-linking were occurred simultaneously and Si-O bond showed dissociated status, SiOx (x = 1.25 - 1.5). Under the top-most layer, there was the intermediate layer in which cross-linking is mainly occurred and Si-O bond showed silica-like binding status, SiOx (x = 1.75 - 2). And theoretical analysis which calculates the collisional energy transfer and a displacement per atom explained the thickness variation of top-most layer according to Ar ion energy from 360 eV to 840 eV.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2003

Nitric Oxide(NO) is produced in many organs of the body, including the lung and airways, and it is detectable in the exhaled air. The measurement of exhaled NO(eNO) provides a simple non-invasive means for measuring airway inflammation, such as asthma. We measured eNO among adult male workers to examine the distribution of eNO in healthy people and to find factors affecting eNO. We measured eNO in a sample of 921 adult workers who also performed lung function test and skin prick test. Exhaled NO was measured in a sitting posture without using a nose clip and NO free gas. NO was measured at three expiratory rates(l8; 42; 71 $m\ell$/sec) and the flow rate of 71 $m\ell$/sec was used in analysis. The average eNO concentration was 5.29 $\pm$ 2.98 ppb. The level increased with age but not significantly(P=0.0529). Exhaled NO showed positive relations to the height(P=0.0001), pollen 1 (P=0.0124), asthma history(P=0.0212), allergic rhinitis symptom(P=0.0302). Exhaled NO Concentration of smokers( 4.62 ppb) was significantly lower than that of nonsmokers(5.99 ppb; P<0.0001).

• 복식문화연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.406-413
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• 2005

This study performed the evaluation of skin temperature, heart rate, temperature and relative humidity of microclimate, and subjective sensation, such as thermal sensation, wet sensation and comfort sensation to estimate physiological responses of the human body and its comfortable feeling to the vitamin E fabric. Experiments were performed on the five healthy adult women whose average age was 21, at climate chamber in which temperature, relative humidity and air current were set up below $30{\pm}\;1^{\circ}C$, $50{\pm}\;15\%$ and 0.2m/s, respectively. Two kinds of clothes were used for experiments: unfinished sports clothes, with the same form and the same size, of short-sleeved knit shirt and long trousers made with $100\%$ cotton, and finished sports clothes printed with the vitamin E solution of the level of $0.88\%$. Exercises of walking (about 105 steps/minute) with the exercise intensity of 2.5 were performed for 20 minutes using treadmill. In result, the study showed significant difference (p<0.01) in average skin temperature between unfinished and finished sport clothes, and represented higher value with having unfinished sport clothes in wear than with finished one. The study also showed significant difference (p<0.01) in heart rate only during the period of exercise, and represented higher value generally with unfinished sport clothes than with finished one. There were significant differences not only in temperature of microclimate (p<0.01) but also in humidity of microclimate (p<0.05) between two sport clothes. As for the evaluation of subjective sensation, the study showed significant difference (p<0.05) in thermal sensation between the two kinds of sport clothes, significant difference in wet sensation only during the period of exercise, and significant difference (p<0.05) in comfort sensation only during the period of recovery.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.171-179
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• 1999

Non-biting midges are known to contain potent inhalant allergens. IgE antibody responses to the crude extract of Chironomus kiiensis adults, a dominant chironomid species in Korea, were examined. With the IgE-ELISA or passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reactions, increased levels of chironomid-specific IgE were detected in the skin test positived human sera, or immunized BALB/c mouse sera with the crude extract adsorbed to alum. IgE-immunoblot analysis showed mafor IgE-reacting protein band patterns, which reacted with more than 50% of the skin test positive human sera, at 110, 80, 46, 40, 37, 34 and 31 kDa. The reactive band patterns were larely similar between skin test positive humans and immune BALB/c mice. However, the bands of 55, 31, 27, 26, 24 and 23 kDa were found only in sensitized humans, but not in immunized mice.