• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.283-288
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• 1990

As one of the main purpose of the physical management of cleft palate is to provide for the anatomic and physiologic requisites for speech, the speech must be as one of the criteria for determining when physical management has been achieved. But there is no objective methods to evaluate the speech of cleft palate patients. The authors tried to analyze the speech of adult cleft palate patients using sound spectrog raphy and compared with normal adults. The results were obtained as follows ; 1. In Vowels, cleft palate patients of both sexes showed reduction of frequency of the first and second formant as compared to normal. There was minimal difference in front vowels (i, e, ae) 2. In consonants, cleft palate patients showed reduction of frequency of the first formant in both sexes but reduction of frequency of the second formant was noticed only in fe- male patients. 3. There was no statistical difference in sound spectrograph between plosive, fricative, africative, nasal, and glide consonants.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.255-263
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• 1996

Let $(X_{1j}, X_{2j}, … , X_{nj}, Y_j/)$j = 1, 2, … , n, be a sample of size n on an (m + l)-dimensional vector $(X_1, X_2, … , X_m, Y)$, m .geq. 1. If $Y_{(r)}$ denote the rth order statistic from Y, then the $X_{[r:n]}$ paired with $Y_(r)$ is termed the concomitant vector of the order statistics. The general distributions of concomitant of order statistics will be found. The mean, variance and covariance of$X_{[r:n]}$ Will be studied. Then we will apply the results to the multivariate normal variate case.e.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.563-568
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• 1995

It is well-known that the sample mean and the sample variance are jointly sufficient under normality assumption. In this paper a proof of the joint sufficiency is given without using the factorization criterion. It is related to a finite Sanov-type conditional theorem, i.e., the conditional probability density of $Y_1$ given sample mean $\mu$ and sample variance $\sigma^2$, where $Y_1, Y_2, \cdots, Y_n$ are independently and identically distributed (i.i.d.) normal random variables with mean m and variance $\delta^2$, equals that of $Y_1$ given sample mean $\mu$ and sample variance $\sigma^2$, where $Y_1, Y_2, \cdots, Y_n$ are i.i.d. normal random variables with mean $\mu$ and variance $\sigma^2$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.701-708
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• 1997

A direct boundary element method(DBEM) is developed for thin bodies whose surfaces are rigid or compliant. Th eHelmholtz integral equation and its normal derivative integral equation are adopted simultaneously to calculate the pressure on both sides of the thin body, instead of the jump values across it, to account for the different surface conditions of each side. Unlike the usual assumption, the normal velocity is assumed to be discontinuous across the thin body. In this approach, only the neutral surface of the thin body has to be discontinuous across the thin body. In this approach, only the neural surface of the thin body has to be discretized. The method is validated by comparison with analytic and/or numerical results for acoustic scattering and radiation from several surface conditions of the thin body; the surfaces are rigid when stationary or vibrating, and part of the interior surface is lined with a sound-absorbing material.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.6-10
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• 2001

No. Sperm can be sexed with 90% accuracy by flow cytometry/cell sorting. No. The current speed of sexing is about 5,000 live sperm of each sex per second, remarkably fast considering that each sperm is individually sexed. No. Although fast, sperm sexing is not fast enough to use standard numbers of sperm per AI dose. No. With well managed heifers, pregnancy rates with low doses of sexed, frozen sperm are 70-80% of those with unsexed sperm with normal sperm numbers. Pregnancy rates are lower in lactating dairy cows. No. Calves from sexed sperm appear to be normal. No. Sexed, frozen semen from a few bulls currently is available commercially in the United Kingdom, and likely will be available in several other countries in 2002, probably at a premium of US ＄30-50 per straw. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.3-4
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• 2001

Normal cells proliferate generally a limited number doublings in culture and only rarely have they been shown to overcome cellular senescence and crisis stages, and immortalize spontaneously. I have established a number of non-chemically and non-chemically immortalized embryo fibroblastic (EF) cell lines in continuous cell culture. These include the spontaneously immortalized cell line, DF-1 and several immortal EF cell lines derived from various embryonic tissues. I have previously demonstrated that all of the immortal EF cells established have rapid cell proliferation capacity compared to primary EF cells, presumably due to the deregulation of cell cycle regulators such as p53, E2F-1 and the numerous cyclins. DF-1 cells, in particular, were shown to proliferate more rapidly under normal culture conditions compared to other immortal EF cells, implicating other mechanisms may be important for regulating their growth. The possible mechanism(s) underlying the accelerated growth of DF-1 cells will be addressed in this study. (omitted)

• Speech Sciences
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.141-156
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• 1998

In the previous studies, some characteristics of flaccid dysarthria patients have been studied mainly in two aspects: their difficulties in articulation and their metrical dysfunction. Therapeutic research on the articulation impediment of the patients have been carried out extensively (Yorkston, 1981). However, their phonetic characteristics have been less well-studied. The aim of this paper is to measure and describe some phonetic differences between the normal speaker group (six speakers) and the flaccid dysarthria patient group (six speakers in three different degreed of severity). Two types of short sentences comprising of subject-object-verb, i.e. declarative and yes-no question sentences, were recorded to investigate some phonetic characteristics of these two groups of speakers. The two groups (normal group vs. patient group) show differences in yes-no question boundary tone (H% vs. HL%), pitch range (wide vs. narrow), duration (short vs. long) and intensity (strong vs. weak) of sentence final verb endings in Korean.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.199-213
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• 2015

The residual fracture toughness of post-fire normal-strength concrete subjected up to $600^{\circ}C$ is considered by the wedge splitting test. The initial fracture toughness $K_I^{ini}$ and the critical fracture toughness $K_I^{un}$ could be calculated experimentally. Their difference is donated as the cohesive fracture toughness $K_I^c$ which is caused by the distribution of cohesive stress on the fracture process zone. A comparative study on determining the residual fracture toughness associated with three bi-linear functions of the cohesive stress distribution, i.e. Peterson's softening curve, CEB-FIP Model 1990 softening curve and Xu's softening curve, using an analytical method is presented. It shows that different softening curves have no significant influence on the fracture toughness. Meanwhile, comparisons between the experimental and the analytical calculated critical fracture toughness values further prove the validation of the double-K fracture model to the post-fire concrete specimens.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.151-157
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• 2014

We have reported the reaction probability, integral reaction cross section, and rate constant for the title system calculated with the aid of a time-dependent wave packet approach. The ab initio potential energy surface (PES) of Prudente et al. (Chem. Phys. Lett. 2009, 474, 18) is employed for the purpose. The calculations are carried out over the collision energy range of 0.05-1.4 eV for the two reaction channels of H + LiH ${\rightarrow}$ Li + $H_2$ and $H_b$ + $LiH_a$ ${\rightarrow}$ $LiH_b$ + $H_a$. The Coriolis coupling (CC) effect are taken into account. The importance of including the Coriolis coupling quantum scattering calculations are revealed by the comparison between the Coriolis coupling and the centrifugal sudden (CS) approximation calculations.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.247-256
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• 1995

In this paper, double exposure holographic interferometry using ruby pulse laser is formed in order to investigate the propagation of transient waves. The vibration characteristics according to the change of impact load direction, i.e., impacted in the shear direction and in the normal direction are analyzed. It was observed that the macroscopic trends of transient wave generation and propagation in the assembly of precipitator plates were almost similar regardless of the change of impact load direction. But the propagation and mixing of transient wave was advanced relatively slowly when impacted in the normal direction.