• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.290-294
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• 2002

Cephradine is an orally absorbed cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and is highly resistant to beta-lactamase degradation. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two cephradine capules, Cephradine capsule (Donggu Pharmaceutical Co., reference drug) and Cephradine capsule (Shinpoong Pharmaceutical Co., test drug), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration. Twenty-six normal volunteers, 24.6 $\pm$ 3.70 years in age and 62.4 $\pm$ 8.99 kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2 $\times$ 2 cross-over study was employed. After one capsule containing 250 mg of cephrdine was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of cephrdine in serum were determined using HPLC with UV detector. The pharmacokinetic parameters such as AU $C_{t}$ to $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUCt, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ between two products were 2.89％, 1.05％ and 1.06％, respectively, when calculated against the reference drug. The 90％ confidence intervals were within log0.8 $\leq$ $\delta$ $\leq$ log1.25 (e.g., log0.9803 $\leq$ $\delta$ $\leq$ log1.0734 and log0.9674 $\leq$ $\delta$ $\leq$ log1.220 for AU $C_{t}$, and $C_{max}$, respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Cephradine capsules (Shinpoong Pharmaceutical Co.) is bioequivalent to Cephradine capsules (Donggu Pharmaceutical Co.).o.).o.).).o.).

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2004

The effects of Aegle marmelos (Rutaceae) leaf, Emblica officinalis (Euphorbiaceae) fruit and Ocimum sanctum. (Labiateae) leaf extracts were studied in L-thyroxine (0.5 mg/kg) induced hyperthyroidic mice. Separately combined effects of these three plant extracts and of a commonly used antithyroidic drug, Propyl thiouracil (PTU) were investigated for comparison. Serum concentration of thyroxine $(T_4)$, triiodothyronine $(T_3)$, glucose and the activity of hepatic Glucose 6-Phosphatase (G-6-Pase) were considered as main parameters. Hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) activities were also studied to reveal the toxic effect of the plant extracts, if any. While exogenous $T_4$ enhanced serum concentration of $T_4$, $T_3$, glucose and the activity of hepatic G-6-Pase, a simultaneous administration of either A. marmelos leaf (1.0 mg/kg), E. officinalis fruit( 30 mg/kg) and O. sanctum leaf (50 mg/kg) extracts, to hyperthyroidic animals decreased all these parameters. However, the effects were more pronounced, as nearly normal thyroid function and serum glucose concentration were exhibited when all three plant extracts were administered together. A decrease in LPO and a concomitant increase in SOD and the CAT activities indicated the safe and antiperoxidative nature of the plant extracts, administered either alone or in combination. Our findings reveal that the three test plant materials exhibit synergistic effects without any hepatotoxicity, suggesting their potential use in the amelioration of hyperthyroidism and/ or hyperglycaemia.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.15-26
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• 1990

This paper describes a potential-baoed panel method formulated for the analysis cf a supercavitating two-dimensional symmetri strut. The method employs normal dipoles and sources distributed on the foil and cavity surfaces to represent the potential flow around the cavitating hydrofoil. The kinematic boundary condition on the wetted portion of the foil surface is satisfied by requiring that the total potential vanish in the fictitious inner flow region of the foil, and the dynamic boundary condition on the cavity surface is satisfied by requiring that the potential vary linearly, i.e., the tangential velocity be constant. Green's theorem then results in a potential-based integral equation rather than the usual velocity-based formulation of Hess & Smith type, With the singularities distributed on the exact hydrofoil surface, the pressure distributions are predicted with improved accuracy compared to those of the linearized lifting surface theory, especially near the leading edge. The theory then predicts the cavity shape and cavitation number for an assumed cavity length. To improve the accuracy, the sources and dipoles on the cavity surface are moved to the newly computed cavity surface, where the boundary conditions are satisfied again. This iteration process is repeated until the results are converged.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 2010

Latex modified concrete (LMC) exhibits improved material properties including high tensile strength and durability compared with conventional concrete, and hence LMC has been used as protective layers over the bridge deck slabs to increase their service life with underlying assumption of excellent bond behavior between the LMC overlay and the concrete substrate. In this study, the effect of the primary parameters of the concrete substrate (i.e., shrinkage, stiffness and cracking capacity) as well as the LMC overlay thickness on the probability of cracking of the bridge deck slabs using LMC overlays was investigated by carrying out the finite element analysis that simulated the bond behavior of LMC overlays on normal strength concrete (NSC) and HPC bridge deck slabs. Based on the results of the numerical analysis, it is concluded that the relatively high shrinkage strains and stiffness of HPC slabs can increase its probability of cracking in bridge deck slabs using LMC overlay.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.263-273
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• 1998

For histologic observation of the regenerated bone following guided tissue regeneration (GTR) using ePTFE membranes with calcium carbonate implant and autogenous bone graft, biopsies were collected from 2 patients during 5-year-postoperative surgical reentry. In both combined cases with guided tissue regeneration in conjunction with calcium carbonate implant and autogenous bone graft, significant bone fill and gain in probing attachment level was observed. In histologic examination, specimen in GTR case with calcium carbonate grafting was composed of a dense bone containing vascular channel with lamellar structure and viable bone cells in lacunae, however considerable calcium carbonate particles remained unresorbed and isolated from regenerated bone by the dense cellular and fibrous connective tissue. No formative cells could be seen in contact with remained calcium carbonate particles. In GTR case with autogenous bone grafting, specimen show was composed of a dense lamellar bone containing vascular channel, which showed normal alveolar bone architectures. The present observation indicate that guided tissue regeneration in conjunction with grafting, especially autogenous bone graft, has highly osteogenic potential, however resorbable calcium carbonate granules were not completely resorbed at 5 year postimplantation.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 2017

Purpose: To report our experience of endoscopic botulinum toxin injection in patients who experienced severe delayed gastric emptying after pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG). Materials and Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 6 patients who received the botulinum toxin injection. They presented with severe delayed gastric emptying in the early postoperative period. Endoscopic botulinum toxin was administered as 4 injections of 25-50 IU into each of the 4 quadrants of the prepyloric area. Results: All botulinum toxin injections were successful without any complications, enabling 5 patients to tolerate soft solid diets and one to tolerate a soft fluid diet within 10 days. The endoscopic criteria of 4 patients improved. Symptom recurrence caused 2 patients to undergo repeat injections that were successful. The median follow-up period was 27 months, and all patients could ingest normal regular diets at the last follow-up. Conclusions: Endoscopic botulinum toxin injection is a feasible treatment option for early delayed gastric emptying after PPG.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.499-504
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• 2000

Amelogenesis imperfecta is defined as a genetically determined effect affecting enamel formation and may be associated with other ectodermal or systemic disorders. It is entirely an ectodermal disturbance, since the mesodermal components of the teeth are basically normal. The presentation of diverse clinical manifestations in 1:14,000 to 1:16,000. Classification of the AI types considers mode of inheritance and clinical manifestations. The most widely accepted classification system recognize three major groups; i.e., hypoplastic(thin enamel), hypocalcified(primary mineralization defect), hypomaturation(defect in enamel maturation). The treatment is that at first, genetic counselling must be practiced, and in anterior teeth, composite resin veneer or jacket crown for esthetics, and in posterior teeth, stainlees steel crown or gold onlay.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.343-355
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• 2015

There is much observational evidence that active star formation is taking place in the Hii regions Sh 2-255 – 257. We present a photometric study of this star forming region (SFR) using imaging data obtained in passbands from the optical to the mid-infrared, in order to study the star formation process. A total of 218 members were identified using various selection criteria based on their observational properties. The SFR is reddened by at least E(B −V ) = 0.8 mag, and the reddening law toward the region is normal (R_V = 3.1). From the zero-age main sequence fitting method it is confirmed that the SFR is 2.1 ± 0.3 kpc from the Sun. The median age of the identified members is estimated to be about 1.3 Myr from a comparison of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD) with stellar evolutionary models. The initial mass function (IMF) is derived from the HRD and the near-infrared (J, J −H) color-magnitude diagram. The slope of the IMF is about Γ = −1.6 ± 0.1, which is slightly steeper than that of the Salpeter/Kroupa IMF. It implies that low-mass star formation is dominant in the SFR. The sum of the masses of all the identified members provides the lower limit of the cluster mass (169M_⊙). We also analyzed the spectral energy distribution (SED) of pre-main sequence stars using the SED fitting tool of Robitaille et al., and confirm that there is a significant discrepancy between stellar mass and age obtained from two different methods based on the SED fitting tool and the HRD.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.3 s.50
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• pp.20-27
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• 2005

The built-in kitchen that is seen in every household is one of the achievements of the modernism architecture in early 20th century. Developed on the basis of two axis, one of which is the high industrialization and the other the sceptical assessment on the traditional value-system, the 20th century was launched in the form of the twofold entanglement, through the unfolding of which the cultural code of the modernism could be operated. The Quantification of the psychic that was attempted by H. v. Helmholtz and E. Mach in the pursuit of the reunification of sensation to the normal science was the first thread of that, while the second the break-down of the authoritative ideology and the emancipation of woman labour, which were initiated by the leftist movements. In this situation Margarete Schutte-Lihotzky was the woman architect who has tried to overcome the patriarchism in the household through architectural work by dwelling on that the emancipation of the housewives from the inefficient household labour is directly connected with the accomplishment of human freedom. She applied the modernist functionalism to the designing the kitchen for that purpose and outlined the effective range and operational realm of the rationalization. After all this the future preoccupying endeavor became the decisive moment that gave birth to a aesthetically and functionally good deliberated design of the kitchen in the present. This study is purposed to actualize the architectural ideas of Lihotzky into the present context through the consideration on the Frankfurt Kitchen of her and to grope for the relationship between architecture and feminism on the common horizon of the functionalist architecture and the women's liberation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2016

According to the increment of urban buildings, the demand of eco-environment space will be also increased. Therefore, the artificial ground green system on a roof will be supplied gradually. In this study, the concept of simplification, unification and prefabrication was widely applied to supply green system. Consequently, the box unit system with a continuous soil layer was developed, and adhesive property, wind resistance and insulation property of this system were evaluated for site application. As a results of adhesive property and wind resistance test, comparing with design wind pressure and wind velocity, this system was safe at the height of 100m building located in urban. In addition, results of temperature measurement for 120 days showed 17% higher insulation property at daytime and 45% higher insulation property at night than normal box unit system owing to continuous soil layer.