• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 전력전자학회 1998년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.143-148
• /
• 1998

A dynamic electrical parameter monitoring device was designed to simultaneously record the instantaneous value of voltage, current, power, and resistance during spot welding. The data obtained using this technique have been analyzed in term of the relationships of these parameters to the phenomena occuring during the formation(surface break-down, nugget formation and mechanical collapse) of spot weld. Finally, a database implementation is undertaken to develop techniques for improving weld quality of the resistance spot welder.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 전력전자학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.36-38
• /
• 2018

As the battery capacity requirement increases, battery cells are connected in a parallel configuration. However, the sharing current of each battery cell becomes unequal due to the imbalance between cell's impedance which results the mismatched states of charge (SOC). The conventional fixed-resistance balancing methods have a limitation in battery equalization performance and system efficiency. This paper proposes a battery equalization method based on dynamic resistance technique, which can improve equalization performance and reduce the loss dissipation. Based on the SOC rate of parallel connected battery cells, the switches in the equalization circuit are controlled to change the equivalent series impedance of the parallel branch, which regulates the current flow to maximize SOC utilization. To verify the method, operations of 4 parallel-connected 18650 Li-ion battery cells with 3.7V-2.6Ah individually are simulated on Matlab/Simulink. The results show that the SOCs are balanced within 1% difference with less power dissipation over the conventional method.

• 전자공학회논문지S
• /
• 제35S권7호
• /
• pp.103-108
• /
• 1998

In this paper, we atempt to control the nonlinear power system for resistance spot welders to be a fully linearizesd system by applying the recently developed nonlinear feedback linearization techniques. the controller proposed in this paper is computationally simple. In addition, the easy gain tuning as well as the high dynamic performance of resistance spot welding systems can be obained simulaneously. To illustrate the dynamic performance of our controller further, we present some simulation results.

• 대한전기학회논문지
• /
• 제38권11호
• /
• pp.877-887
• /
• 1989

In this paper, we attempt to achieve high dynamic performance by means of decoupled control of rotor speed and flux. Recently developed nonlinear feedback control theories are utilized. The rotor fluxes are estimated based on the rotor circuit equations. When the estimation error of the rotor flux tends to zero, the rotor speed and flux dynamic characteristics of the induction motor with our controller become linear. To minimize the deterioration of control performance, we use an identification algorithm for the rotor resistance. We analyze the dynamic behavior of the closed loop system with our controller. Both simulation and experimental results are included to demonstrate the practical significance of our result. In particular, our experimental results show that recently developed nonlinear feedback control techniques are of practical use in control of induction motors.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 1999

Resistive therapeutic exercise prescription goal is to improve functional performance and capabilities through the development of increased muscular strengh endurance or power. Resistance can be applied to either dynamic or static muscle contractions. Resistive therapeutic exorcise can be carried nut concentrically, eccentrically, isometrically, isokinetically. Neurodevelopmental treatment has not resistive therapeutic exercise concept. But proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitate techniques have resistive therapeutic exercise concept with pattens and techniques. It is aid muscle contraction, motor control and increase strength. Manual muscle testing will help the therapist establish a qualitative and quantitative baseline level of strength. Manual resistance maybe applied a against controlled lengthening contraction re static contraction of a muscle. A repetition maximum is not easy to calculate and is not the most accurate method available today to measure strength before of after a resistive therapeutic exercise program. Oddvar Holten Diagram is essy to calculate and is the most accurate method available today to measure strength before of after a resistive therapeutic exercise program. Plyometric training emphasize the development of muscular power and coordination. Quick bursts of force in functional movement patterns are often necessary of a patient is to return to high-demand occupational, recreational or sports related activities.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
• /
• 한국우주과학회 2008년도 한국우주과학회보 제17권2호
• /
• pp.37.3-37.3
• /
• 2008

STJ(Superconducting Tunnel Junction) technique offers next generation photon detectors exhibiting high energy resolution, high quantum efficiency and photon counting ability over the broad wavelength range from X-ray to NIR. We report the succcess in fabrication of Ta/Al-AlOx-Al/Ta and Nb/Al-AlOx-Al/Nb micro structure deposited on sapphire substrates using various techniques including UV photolithography, DC Sputtering, RIE, and PECVD technique. The characterization experiment was undertaken in an Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator at an operating temperature below 50mK. The details of experimental investigations for electrical characterization of STJ of $20\sim80{\mu}m$ in side-lengths are discussed. The measured I-V curves were used to derive The detector performance indicators such as energy gap, energy resolution, normal resistance, normal resistivity, dynamic resistance, dynamic resistivity, and quality factor.

• Coupled systems mechanics
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.23-51
• /
• 2013

An analytical algorithm for the estimation of the resistance forces exerted on the dipper of a cable shovel and the specific energy consumed in the cutting-loading process is presented. Forces due to payload and to cutting of geomaterials under given initial conditions, cutting trajectory of the bucket, bucket's design, and geomaterial properties are analytically computed. The excavation process has been modeled by means of a kinematical shovel model, as well as of dynamic payload and cutting resistance models. For the calculation of the cutting forces, a logsandwich passive failure mechanism of the geomaterial is considered, as has been found by considering that a slip surface propagates like a mixed mode crack. Subsequently, the Upper-Bound theorem of Limit Analysis Theory is applied for the approximate calculation of the maximum reacting forces exerted on the dipper of the cable shovel. This algorithm has been implemented into an Excel$^{TM}$ spreadsheet to facilitate user-friendly, "transparent" calculations and built-in data analysis techniques. Its use is demonstrated with a realistic application of a medium-sized shovel. It was found, among others, that the specific energy of cutting exhibits a size effect, such that it decreases as the (-1)-power of the cutting depth for the considered example application.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.29-48
• /
• 2015

The main purpose of this work is to compare different criteria for the seismic strengthening of RC framed buildings in order to find the optimal combinations of these retrofitting techniques. To this end, a numerical investigation is carried out with reference to the town hall of Spilinga (Italy), an RC framed structure with an L-shaped plan built at the beginning of the 1960s. Five structures are considered, derived from the first by incorporating: carbon fibre reinforced polymer (FRP)-wrapping of all columns; base-isolation, with high-damping-laminated-rubber bearings (HDLRBs); added damping, with hysteretic damped braces (HYDBs); FRP-wrapping of the first storey columns combined with base-isolation or added damping. A three-dimensional fibre model of the primary and retrofitted structures is considered; bilinear and trilinear laws idealize, respectively, the behaviour of the HYDB, providing that the buckling be prevented, and the FRP-wrapping, without resistance in compression, while the response of the HDLRB is simulated by using a viscoelastic linear model. The effectiveness of the retrofitting solutions is tested with nonlinear dynamic analyses based on biaxial accelerograms, whose response spectra match those in the Italian seismic code.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.67-81
• /
• 2001

The development of new techniques for the dynamic measurement of linear viscoelastic properties is an active area of rheometry, and this paper surveys some novel deformation geometries which have been recently reported e.g. oscillating probe-type devices which are imbedded in or placed on the surface of the sample. Small amplitude band-limited pseudorandom noise is used for the displacement signal, with Fourier analysis of the complex waveform of the resistance force yielding the frequency dependent viscoelastic material functions (e.g. storage and loss moduli G", G"). Theoretical calculations of the fundamental equations relating force to displacement and instrument geometry, were carried out with the aid of the correspondence principle of linear viscoelasticity. The rapidity of the tests and flexibility in terms of sample preparation and stiffness mean that this basic technique should find many applications in rheometry. Three examples of oscillatory tests are presented in detail squeeze flow, imbedded needle and concentric sliding cylinder geometries.eometries.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.481-492
• /
• 2004

Nb/Al Superconducting Tunnel Junction(STJ) 소자를 제작하여 I-V 특성곡선을 측정하고 제작된 STJ 소자의 초전도체 특성 및 성능 파라미터 값들을 구하였다. 크기가 각각 20, 40, 60, 그리고 $80{\mu}m$인 4종류의 STJ소자를 제작하였으며 각 소자는 총 5층의 Nb/A1/AlOx/Al/Nb 다결정(polycrystalline) 박막으로 구성된 SIS(Superconductor Insulate. Superconductor) 방식의 조셉슨 접합 구조를 갖는다. 이 연구에서 제작한 STJ 소자는 $Tanner^{TM}$ L-Edit 8.3 프로그램으로 설계하였으며 한국표준과학연구원의 SQUID 제조실험실에서 제작하였다. 5층의 STJ 박막은 DC magnetron sputtering, reactive ion etching, CVD(Chemical Vapor Deposition) 장비를 이용해 생성되었다. 제작된 STJ 소자는 액체헬륨으로 냉각(4K)시킨 후 I-V 특성곡선을 측정하여 초전도 특성을 확인하였고, STJ 소자의 성능을 결정하는 파라미터인 energy gap, normal resistance, normal resistivity, dynamic resistance, dynamic resistivity, 그리고 quality factor를 계산하였다. Nb/Al STJ 소자의 FWHM 에너지 분해능 계산 결과, 순수 Nb STJ 소자보다 $11\%$ 우수한 에너지 분해능 특성을 확인하였다.