• 간호행정학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.237-251
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• 2001

It is important for nursing managers to understand the lived experience of nursing care for dying patients in clinical nurses for the effective management of them. The purpose of this Phenomenological study was to explore the lived experience of nursing care for the dying patients in clinical nurses and identify the meaning and structure of their lived experience. This study was conducted from 1 of June, 2000 to 1 of November, 2000. Data were collected with several in-depth interviews until data were fully saturated, from 1 of June, 2000 to 10 of September, 2000. The Subjects were five nurses who had more than three-year job experience in caring for dying patients, three protestant christians and two atheists, one married and four unmarried persons. The range of their age was from 28 to 36. Data were analysed by the Colaizzi's methodology. Ten themes were extracted from fifty-one fomulated-meanings. Fomulated-meanings were extracted from the restatements and the significant-statements which were deriven from the raw data. Finally ten themes took form of five structures. Five structures of 'The lived experience of nursing care for the dying patients in clinical nurses' were : 1. Experiencing guilty feeling and anger due to their and other's manneristic and ignored attitude toward dying patients 2. Feeling heartily the necessity of the education of hospice care because of their incompetence due to lack of knowledge of hospice care 3. Recognizing the human rights of dying patient's thinking themselves and their families 4. Felling satisfaction with their nursing accomplishments and reflecting their life through nursing care of the dying patients 5. Experiencing low self-respect due to the other's negative perspective toward their job The results of the study would give useful information to nursing managers to understand the lived experience of nursing care for dying patients in clinical nurses and establish adequate strategies to support them.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.114-127
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• 1999

In order to care the persons who are dying a nurse should first solve her / his own conflicts about death. and be aware of their own concepts of death and dying. In order to find out patient's spiritual needs and to give better spiritual nursing care. a nurse should know her / his own spiritual needs and be aware of their own concepts of spiritual nursing problems. To improve nurse's understanding towards death and dying and nurse's knowledge towards spiritual needs and spiritual nursing care. 14 weeks(two hours a week) spiritual nursing care education was given to 3th grade baccalaureate nursing college student. Before and after spiritual nursing care education. 30 items of prepared questionare focused on the attitudes toward death and dying was asked. Pre and post results are as follow ; 1. The dying patient's emotional and physical needs. There was no significant difference between pre and post educated groups. Both of the situations. they agreed upon$(69.64\%)$ that the dying patients have high emotional and physical needs to solve. 2. Telling the truth of dying process. There was no significant difference between pre educated group$(53.33\%)$ and post educated group$(55.95\%)$. 3. Attitudes of medical personnels. There was no significant difference between pre$(51.49\%)$ and post educated groups $(53.87\%)$. These responses indicate that nursing college student didn't have enough experiences on dying patients care. 4. General attitudes on death and dying. Number of nursing students who were thinking positively toward death and dying were Increased (pre $39.68\%$. post $45.44\%$) and who were thinking negatively toward death and dying were also decreased (pre $37.30\%$. post $33.93\%$). 5. Attitudes toward mechanical assistance for life-expanding of helpless patient. There was a significant difference between pre and post educated groups. About $34.13\%$ of them approved upon mechanical assistance for life and about $33.14\%$ of them disapproved. 6. Attitudes of family members of dying patient. There was no significant difference between pre and post educated groups. About $45.24\%$ of both groups, agreed upon that the family members feel annoyed with dying patients and about $22.42\%$ of both groups disagreed. Whether they received the spiritual nursing education or not, they were aware of that the family members feel annoyed with dying patients. 7. Special facility and educational preparation for dying patient. There was a significant difference between pre$(82.14\%)$ and post$(90.87\%)$ educated groups. These responses indicated that after they received the education, they felt more about the necessity of special facility and educational preparation for the death and dying patients. 8. Special facility and welfare system for the old. There was a significant difference between pre$(58.33\%)$ and post$70.64\%$ educated groups. There responses indicated that after they received the education, they felt more about the necessity of special facility and welfare systems for the old.

• 대한간호
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• 제19권5호통권108호
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• pp.55-68
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• 1980

The purpose of this study is to find out most wanted nursing contents (behavior) of the dying patient and his family and to discover the obstacles to helping the dying as analysis of 53 factual reports on the care of dying patients on American Journal of

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2020

본 연구는 간호대학생의 좋은죽음인식, 호스피스인식, 임종간호태도의 정도와 세 변수간의 관계를 알아보고 임종간호태도에 미치는 영향 요인을 규명하여 간호대학생의 죽음에 대한 인식과 호스피스 간호, 임종간호 교육의 방향 설정에 기여하고자 설계된 조사연구이다. 대상자는 D시 소재 대학교 간호학과 재학생으로 임상실습에 참여한 경험이 있는 3, 4학년 학생 중 연구목적을 이해하고 자발적으로 연구에 참여한 대상자에게 2019년 5-6월 설문지를 배부하고 229부를 최종 분석하였다. 연구결과, 간호대학생의 좋은죽음인식, 호스피스인식, 임종간호태도 세 변수 간에는 통계적으로 유의미한 순상관관계가 있었다. 간호대학생의 임종간호태도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석한 결과, 임종간호태도에 가장 큰 영향력을 미치는 변수는 호스피스인식이었으며, 호스피스인식과 좋은죽음인식의 회귀모형의 설명력은 39.3%였다. 따라서 예비 간호사인 간호대학생이 긍정적인 죽음인식과 임종간호태도를 갖게 하기 위해서는 호스피스와 좋은죽음에 대한 교육이 가능하도록 교육과정을 정비하는 노력이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.356-367
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the confidence and educational needs of clinical nurses in care for the family of dying patients. Methods: The subjects of this study were 218 clinical nurses working at two tertiary general hospitals located in D city, Korea, and the data were collected through online questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Scheffe test and 𝝌² test using the SPSS WIN 20.0 program. Results: 97.6% of clinical nurses recognized the need for family care for dying patients, but 76.7% had never received any education on family care for dying patients. The average score of dying patients' confidence in family care was 3.09. About 90% of clinical nurses were willing to participate in family nursing education for dying patients. The group with more than 5 years of clinical experience was significantly higher than the group with less than 5 years of clinical experience. Conclusion: This study recognized the necessity of family nursing for dying patients highly. It is necessary to develop and apply an educational program based on the education topic that recognizes the need highly.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Purpose : This study aimed to develop an in-depth and comprehensive understanding of the experiences of critical care nurses caring for dying patients. Method : Eleven critical care nurses with experience in caring for dying patients were recruited from four tertiary hospitals. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted between November 2016 and March 2017. The transcribed data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify major themes and sub-themes that represented the experiences of critical care nurses. Results : The following six themes, and twelve sub-themes, were identified: (1) the gap between expectation and reality, (2) a distorted meaning of death, (3) repeated emotional pain and stress, (4) finding a solution alone, (5) sublimation into mission and calling, and (6) integration into one's own life. Conclusion : This study found that critical care nurses experience various psychological difficulties while caring for dying patients, and they made efforts on their own to overcome them. These findings are expected to inform the development of specialized programs to support critical care nurses to tackle these challenges, create guidelines on caring for dying patients, and help promote death education.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2001

본 연구는 2000년 상반기 한 대학 병원의 호스피스 자원봉사자 교육에 참여한 84명의 설문 응답자를 대상으로 하여 호스피스 자원봉사자의 죽음에 대한 태도와 말기 환자 돌봄에 대한 요구, 말기환자와 가족 돌봄에 대한 태도를 알아보기 위한 서술적 연구이다. 개방형 질문을 이용한 자료에서 응답자의 대부분이 죽음에 임박한다면 가족에 대한 염려와 걱정, 죽음의 고통, 내세의 두려움이 가장 큰 불편함이 될 것이라고 답했고, 사랑과 관심 있는 임종 간호에 대한 요구를 보였으며, 죽음이라는 위기 상황을 극복할 수 있는 가장 큰 자신의 자원을 신앙심으로 인식하고 있다. FATCOD 도구에서(Cronbach ${\alpha}$는 0.778 이었으며) 말기환자와 가족 돌봄이 가치 있는 일이라고 여김에도 불구하고 죽음에 대해 이야기하는 것과 말기환자와 감정을 나누는 것은 여전히 어렵고 불편한 것임을 나타냈다. 또한, 말기환자 돌봄에서 가족 참여는 필수적인 것이고, 말기환자가 남은 여생을 가장 잘 살아갈 수 있도록 정상적인 환경을 유지해야 하며, 죽음이란 모든 인간이 자연스럽게 받아들여야 하는 삶의 한 과정임을 인식하고 있다.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.166-173
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the mediating effect of compassionate competence on the relationship between nurses' spirituality and attitude toward care of dying patients. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational research design was conducted. The total subjects were 172 nurses at one general hospital in Gangwon-do. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires and analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Compassionate competence showed the mediating effect (${\beta}=.19$, p=.025) on the relationship between nurses' vertical spirituality and attitudes toward care of dying patients. However, no mediating effect of compassionate competence on the relationship between nurses' horizontal spirituality and attitudes toward care of dying patients was found. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, development of training programs with a focus on spirituality and compassionate competence was highly recommended to improve and maintain nurses' positive attitudes toward caring of the dying patients.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2011

Objectives : This study aims to examine the effects of death education program on meaning in life, death anxiety and attitude toward nursing care of the dying patients among nursing students. Methods : Subjects were 155 nursing students of the K college. Before and after the intervention, students responded a questionnaire developed to measure meaning in life, death anxiety and attitude toward nursing care of the dying patients. To analyse the data, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t-test, and paired t-test were used with an SPSS 12.0 program. Results : 1. Meaning in life and attitude toward nursing care of the dying patients levels significantly increased, death anxiety levels significantly decreased. 2. Meaning in life levels increased significantly in the 20-24 age group, female, first grade, no religion, no death experience of relatives. 3. Death anxiety levels decreased significantly in the 20-24 age group, female, no religion, no death experience of relatives, but increased significantly in a buddhist group. 4. Attitude toward nursing care of the dying patients levels increased significantly in the 20-24 age group, female, first grade, won buddhist, no death experience of relatives. Conclusions : This study, through the above result, shows that the death education program can be an effective nursing education to improve meaning in life and attitude toward nursing care of the dying patients and to decrease death anxiety. These results suggest that the death education program will be helpful for recognizing the values of themselves and their current lives and improving their nursing intervention care of the dying patients.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.130-134
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• 2021

In the era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), social distancing and strict visitation policies at hospitals have made it difficult for medical staff to provide high-quality end-of-life (EOL) care to dying patients and their families. There are various issues related to EOL care, including psychological problems of patients and their families, difficulties in EOL decision-making, the complicated grief of the bereaved family, moral distress, and exhaustion of medical staff. In relation to these issues, we aimed to discuss practical considerations in providing high-quality EOL care in the COVID-19 pandemic. First, medical staff should discuss advance care planning as early as possible and use the parallel planning strategy. Second, medical staff should play a role in facilitating patient-family communication. Third, medical staff should actively and proactively evaluate and alleviate dying patients' symptoms using non-verbal communication. Lastly, medical staff should provide care for family members of the dying patient, who may be particularly vulnerable to post-bereavement problems in the COVID-19 era. Establishing a system of screening high-risk individuals for complicated grief and connecting them to bereavement support services might be considered. Despite the challenging and limited environment, providing EOL care is essential for patients to die with dignity in peace and for the remaining family to return to life after the loved one's death. Efforts considering the practical issues faced by all medical staff and healthcare institutions caring for dying patients should be made.