• 영어영문학
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.383-408
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• 2010

This paper intends to suggest the positive, ecological vision of sustainability in Karen Hesse's Out of the Dust that Billie Jo Kelby recovers herself through her readjustment of interior consciousness and outer environment in her tragic situations caused by the Dust Bowl. In spite of her desires for happiness and affluence of home, she loses her mother and brother, and her musical talent as a pianist, and lies in self-abandonment. But she finally raises up herself with her courage and patience, reconciliating with the nature and ameliorating the community by taking care of the devastated landscapes. Hence it is appropriate to approach the loss-recovery process of nature and consciousness with ecological solutions, The Dust Bowl breaks down human mind and body, and eventually leads to the situations of despairs and death. Hesse proposes the primary solution that humans should reconstruct their interior consciousness and participate in recovering the nature because humans are inevitably linked with nature. In this novel, the nature takes a dynamic and active role as a catalyst, reconciling the self with other humans and settling with the conflicting situations in history and culture. This verse novel as an active, self-ordering, and corrective process gives the more intense ecological message. As Hesse defines the setting of Dirty Thirties as a channel of energy, she creates the utmost effects of ecological process that human and environment are part of a total situation, representing the transactional formulation, each conditioned by conditioning to the other. Therefore Billie Jo takes her part as an interpreter and actualizes herself, understanding the nature with metaphor and symbol. Eventually Billie Jo realizes that she should rebuild her environment not out of the dust but in the dust, accepting the reality of Dust Bowl.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.502-508
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• 2011

In this paper, we proposed vertical feeding mechanism for a slide parts feeder using the slide type method. This parts feeder of the slide type method have been proposed to suppress the dust generation from the feeding objects. The proposed parts feeder mechanism is composed with the casing hopper, the vertical feeding unit, the in-line feeder and linear shooter unit. And, these mechanisms did modularity through optimum design by means of mechanical and dynamical analysis using the RecurDyn(multi-body dynamics) analysis module. Also were carried out the virtual prototype using the 3-D CAD program. And it had been manufactured as the prototype of the slide parts feeder. The field test for validation of performance was performed directly at the inspection line of bolt and screw. In the field test, this slide parts feeder showed an efficiency of about 1.2 times the bowl feeder. It also showed an epoch reduction in the dust generation compared to the vibration bowl feeder. So this slide parts feeder will be applied useful in the vision inspection system for a screw and bolt.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2006

The climate of stall significantly influences on animal production ability. High concentration of ammonia gas, $CO_2$ and lots of dust are found in modern densely raising stall system, as results, they provide a negative influence on animal and farmer health, and production ability. Therefore, it is necessary to keep clean the inside air of stall to increase the productivity. An air cleaner of wet type, consisting of a fan, a motor, rotating discs, a dust collector, a water bowl, an ozone generator etc, has been developed to clean the stall air. The work principle is that the inside air is sucked through the fan, and the rotating discs make water into fineness spray and blow into the stall. The rest water flows down to the dust collector. In the present study, we measured the dust, ammonia gas, odor, temperature and humidity in a swine stall that were installed two wet air cleaners with 700 fattening swine with On-mode and Off-mode of wet air cleaners. The dust measure was divided into 3 categories, TSP, $PM_{10}$, and $PM_{2.5}$. In summer, the TSP in on-mode were maximum $0.259mg/m^3$ and minimum $0.128mg/m^3$, and the average was $0.195mg/m^3$. These are comparable to the data from Off-mode stall that maximum $0.308mg/m^3$, minimum $0.139mg/m^3$, and average $0.277mg/m^3$. However, $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ showed any significant differences between the tests. The concentrations of ammonia gas in Off-mode stall were maximum 13.8 ppm and minimum 5.9 ppm, and the average was 8.47 ppm. However in On-mode stall the ammonia gas concentrations were maximum 10.5 ppm and minimum 5.5 ppm, and the average was 7.63 ppm. The concentration of ammonia gas in On-mode was 10% in average lower than off-mode stall. Odor was measured by olfactometer. In the Off-mode stall, the odor unit were maximum 420 $Ou/m^3$ and minimum $300\;OU/m^3$, and the average was $367\;OU/m^3$, but in the On-mode stall the odor unit were maximum $330\;OU/m^3$ and minimum $210\;OU/m^3$, and the average was $253\;OU/m^3$. Odor removal efficiency was about 31% in On-mode stall.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.176-191
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• 2009

필자들은 경주지역 최대 고분인 황남대총 남, 북분에서 출토된 칠기의 재질과 기법 조사를 실시하였다. 조사 방법은 깨어진 칠기편을 이용하여 태골을 분류하고 그 결과를 바탕으로 도막단면(약2㎜)의 박편을 제작, 현미경하에서 하지의 혼입재 종류와 도막구조를 분류함으로써 칠기의 유래를 추정하였다. 그 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 1. 남분에서 출토된 칠이배, 칠완, 칠장방형합자 등 협저제칠기의 하지에는 골분이 사용되었다. 이러한 칠기는 동시대 동아시아에 있어서 중국의 진~한대 이후 발달된 고급칠기의 계보에 위치된다. 2. 남, 북분에서 출토된 칠배, 완, 장방형합자 등은 식기류, 화장도구의 일부로서 세트로 부장되었을 가능성이 있다. 3. 남분과 북분 출토 칠기에는 품질면에서 차이가 있다. 남분에는 중국칠기의 계보를 잇는 협저제칠기, 포태칠기 등 고급품이 다수 부장되어 있다. 북분에는 남분에서 출토된 칠기보다 제작방법이 간단한 목심제칠기가 많다. 4. 북분에서 출토된 흑칠지에 동물이나 새 문양이 그려진 용기류는 대부분 목심제칠기로 제작 공정이 비교적 간단하다.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제15권
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• pp.78-95
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• 2014

국립중앙박물관 소장 고려시대 칠기 6점을 대상으로 엑스선 ^X-ray 촬영과 현미경 조사, SEM-EDS 분석 등 과학적인 조사를 실시하여 고려시대 칠기의 재질 및 제작기법의 특징을 연구하였다. 조사 결과 칠제합 ^{덕수 4123}을 제외한 나머지 고려시대의 칠기 유물은 목심 ^木心 표면에 직물 ^織物을 입혀 옻칠을 한 목심저피칠기 ^{木芯紵皮漆器} 양식으로 만들어졌음이 밝혀졌다. 화형합과 송엽형합의 목심은 뚜껑의 천판 ^天板 이나 몸체 바닥판의 외각에 두께가 얇은 띠 모양의 목재를 돌려 감아 기벽을 만들었다. 또한 꽃모양 칠제배 ^{덕수 4124}는 권태 ^捲胎 양식 ^樣式과 유사하게 띠 모양의 목재를 나선형으로 감아올려 기벽을 형성한 후 바닥을 판재로 막고 굽을 달아 칠기 잔의 형태를 만든 것으로 나타났다. 현미경을 이용한 광학적 조사에서는 목재나 직물심 위에 골분 ^骨粉을 혼합한 골회 ^骨灰 옻칠을 먼저 하고, 그 위에 다시 옻칠을 중첩하여 바르는 칠기법이 공통적으로 확인되었다. SEM-EDS 및 μ-XRF ^{미소부 형광X-ray} 분석 결과 꽃모양 칠제배 ^{덕수 4124} 표면에는 진사 ^{辰砂: HgS}를 섞은 주칠 ^朱漆이 사용된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 뚜껑에 반점 무늬가 있는 송엽형 칠제합 ^{덕수 4190}은 석황 ^{石黃: As₂S₃}을 섞은 황색 칠을 도장하고 그 위에 연매 ^煙煤를 혼합한 흑색칠로 불규칙한 반점을 찍어 독특한 무늬를 표현한 것으로 조사되었는데 이 칠제합의 측면에 발라진 주칠에는 진사와 연단 ^{鉛丹: Pb₃O₄}을 혼합한 옻칠이 사용된 것으로 나타났다.