• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.256-261
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• 2005

The experiment was conducted at the Ban­gabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur to study the response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) to dual inoculation of Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhiza, poultry litter, nitrogen, and phosphorus on spore population and colonization, nodulation, growth, yield attributes, and yield. The performance of Rhizobium inoculant alone was superior to control in all the parameters of the crop studied. Among the treatments dual inoculation of Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhiza in presence of poultry litter performed best in recording number and dry weight of nodules, dry weight of shoots and roots, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, and seed yields of chickpea. The highest seed yield of 3.96g/plant was obtained by inoculating chickpea plants with dual inoculation of Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhiza in association with poultry litter. Treatments receiving dual inoculation of Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhiza in presence of nitrogen and phosphorus, Rhizobium inoculant in presence of nitrogen and phosphorus, and that of arbuscular mycorrhiza in presence of nitrogen and phosphorus were similar as that of treatment receiving dual inoculation of Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhiza in presence of poultry litter. From the view point of nodulation, growth, yield attributes, and yields of chickpea, dual inoculation of Rhizobium inoculant and arbuscular mycorrhiza along with poultry litter was considered to be the balanced combination of nutrients for achieving the maximum output from cultivation of chickpea in Shallow Red Brown Terrace Soil of Bangladesh.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제77권2호
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• pp.229-234
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• 1988

내생균근(內生菌根)이 질소(窒素)를 고정(固定)하는 수목(樹木)의 생장(生長)에 미치는 영향(影響)과 시비(施肥)에 따른 균근균(菌根菌)의 효율(效率)을 평가(評價)하기 위하여, 사방오리나무 유묘(幼苗)를 화분(花盆)에서 Glomus mosseae로 접종(接種)하고 아까시나무를 묘포장(苗圃場)에서 Glomus sp. 와 Gigaspora sp. 로 접종(接種)하여 6개월후(個月後)에 접종효과(接種效果)를 조사(調査)하였다. 시비(施肥)하지 않은 사방오리나무의 경우에 토양훈증후(土壤燻蒸後) G. mosseae로 접종(接種)하여 건중량(乾重量)이 27%, 묘고생장(苗高生長)이 18% 증가(增加)하였고, G. mosseae와 질소고정균(窒素固定菌)으로 이중접종(二重接種)하여 건중량(乾重量)이 83% 증가(增加)하는 상승효과(相乘效果)를 가져왔다. 시비(施肥)한 사방오리나무의 경우에는 균근접종(菌根接種)이나 이중접종(二重接種)으로 인(因)하여 생장(生長)이 감소(減少)하였다. 아까시나무의 경우에 시비(施肥)하지 않은 묘목(苗木)에서 이중접종(二重接種)으로 인(因)하여 건중량(乾重量)이 25%, 묘고생장(苗高生長)이 23% 증가(增加)하였으며 시비(施肥)한 경우 이중접종(二重接種)으로 묘고생장(苗高生長)이 13% 증가(增加)하였다. 위와같은 실험(實驗)으로 Glomus mosseae는 사방오리나무의 생장(生長)을 촉진(促進)하고, 균근균(菌根菌)과 근류근(根瘤菌)의 이중접종(二重接種)으로 상승효과(相乘效果)가 나타나며, 균근균(菌根菌)의 효과(效果)는 토양비옥도(土壤肥沃度)가 낮을때 더 크게 나타난다고 결론(結論)짓는다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 1993

Effect of dual inoculation with vesicular-arbuscular(VA) mycorrhizal fungi, Glomus mosseae, and Rhizobium meliloti R455 on growth, nodulation, and nitrogenase activity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. Vernal) were examined in pot experiment. After 63 days growth, shoot length, number of leaf, and leaf size of alfalfa were increased as as result of dual inoculation with Glomus mosseae and Rhizobium meliloti. Total dry weight of alfalfa plant was increased 1.4 times compared to single inoculation with Rhizobium meliloti. Nodule number and mean fresh weight of nodule per plant were also increased due to the mycorrhizal infection.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.527-533
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• 2006

The response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) to dual inoculation with Rhizobium (R) and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) was studied on spore abundance and colonization of AM, nodulation, growth, yield attributes and yield. In all the parameters of the crop the performance of Rhizobium inoculant alone was superior to control. Dual inoculation with Rhizobium and AM in presence of P performed the best in recording number of spore $100g^{-1}$ rhizosphere soil and root colonization, number and dry weight of nodule, dry weights of shoot and root, number of pod $plant^{-1}$, number of seed $pod^{-1}$, seed and stover yields of chickpea. The maximum seed yield of 3.33 g $plant^{-1}$ was obtained by inoculating chickpea plants with Rhizobium and AM in association with P. From the view point of nodulation, growth, yield attributes and yield of chickpea, dual inoculation with Rhizobium and AM along with P was considered to be the balanced combination of nutrients for achieving the highest output from cultivation of chickpea in Shallow Red Brown Terrace Soil of Bangladesh.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.548-552
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• 1991

Bradyrhizobium sp. R938과 VA 내성 균근균인 Glomus mosseae의 동시 접종이 영호 땅콩의 질소고정력에 미치는 영향을 포트 실험을 통하여 조사하였다. 땅콩에 Glomus mosseae와 Bradyrhizobium을 동시에 접종한 처리에서 질소고정력이 Bradyrhizobium만을 접종한 것보다 1.5배 증가되는 결과를 얻었다. 땅콩을 69일 동안 생육시킨 결과 근류의 크기도 내생균근균의 동시 접종으로 인해 증가되었다. 동시접종처리구에서 근류 하나의 평균 중량은 6.7mg으로, Bradyrhizobium만을 접종한 것보다 1.5배 증가되는 결과를 보였다. 이상의 결과로 Bradyrhizobium과 Glomus mosseae의 동시 접종은 양분 흡수의 증진을 통한 질소고정력 증진효과 이외에도 VA 내생균근균으로 인한 호르몬 효과가 있으리라는 점을 추정할 수 있었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2005

Pot greenhouse experiments were carried out to attempt to increase the salinity tolerance of one of the most popular legume of the world; cowpea; by using dual inoculation of an Am fungus Glomus clarum and a nitrogen-fixer Azospirillum brasilense. The effect of these beneficial microbes, as single- or dual inoculation-treatments, was assessed in sterilized loamy sand soil at five NaCl levels ($0.0{\sim}7.\;2ds/m$) in irrigating water. The results of this study revealed that percentage of mycorrhizal infection, plant height, dry weight, nodule number, protein content, nitrogenase and phosphatase activities, as well as nutrient elements N, P, K, Ca, Mg were significantly decreased by increasing salinity level in non-mycorrhized plants in absence of NFB. Plants inoculated with NFB showed higher nodule numbers, protein content, nitrogen concentration and nitrogenase activities than those of non-inoculated at all salinity levels. Mycorrhized plants exhibited better improvement in all measurements than that of non-mycorrhized ones at all salinity levels, especially, in the presence of NFB. The concentration of $Na^+$ was significantly accumulated in cowpea plants by rising salinity except in shoots of mycorrhizal plants which had $K^+/Na^+$ ratios higher than other treatments. This study indicated that dual inoculation with Am fungi and N-fixer Azospirillum can support both needs for N and P, excess of NaCl and will be useful in terms of soil recovery in saline area.

• Mycobiology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2004

Fifteen Rhizobium spp. from nodules of 6 common pulses collected from 6 districts of Assam were studied for their infectivity, intrinsic antibiotic resistance, nitrogenase activity and effect of dual inoculation with two native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi viz. Glomus mosseae(GM) and Gigaspora gilmarie(GG). Out of the 15 isolates 9 were found nodulation positive and 6 of them(AR1, BR8, BR12, AR10, UR10 & GR21) were subjected to intrinsic antibiotic sensitivity test of which AR1 showed resistance against all the 9 test antibiotics. Isolates AR1 and GR21 showed the highest(4.25 mole, $gm^{-1}hour^{-1}$) and the lowest(1.05 mole, $gm^{-1}hour^{-1}$) nitrogenase activity respectively. In Most Probable Number count, the maximum Rhizobium population $5.8{\times}10^5$, was found in both Blackgram and Greengram variety of pulses. The maximum dry weight of nodules(3.14 g), dry weight of shoot(10.08 g), nitrogen content(7.68 mg, $plant^{-1}$), chlorophyll content(1.89 mg, $g^{-1}$), phosphorus content of shoot(6.17 mg, $g^{-1}$) and yield(535.67 kg, $Ha^{-1}$) were found when AR1 dually inoculated with GM in Blackgram.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2000

To investigate the effect of Mycorrhiza (Glomus intradics) and Rhizobium inoculation on the N, P utilization and growth response of Alfalfa (Medicago saliva L.) and Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) in mixed sward, four treatments (non-inoculation, Control; Mycorrhiza inoculation: M; Rhizobium inoculation, R and Mycorrhiza and Rhizobium inoculation, M+R) were applied. The associated analyses were canied out on the early vegetative growth stage (DAS 56, 56 days after seeding) and on the early flowering stage (DAS 126). The decreased rate of total N and P content in soil, with advancing plant growth, was relatively higher in the M and M + R treatment than control. The content of availabie phosphorus in soil at DAS 126 increased by about 34 and 38 % in M and M+R treatment compared to control (189.2 mg PzOskg DM), while non-significant changes was observed in R treatment. Total N uptake and P uptake in the control at DAS 126 were 44.71 and 3.52 mglplant in mixed sward, respectively. About 71, 98 and 197 % of increases in total N uptake and 70, 72 and 11 1 % of increases in total P uptake were estimated in M, R and M+R treatment. Comparing to control, total dry matter yield significantly increased by 27, 33 and 53 %, and crude protein yield also by 78, 83 and 204 %, respectively, in M, R and M+R treatment. The present data indicated that mycorrhiza orland rhizobium inoculation improved N, P utilization of both alfalfa and perennial ryegrass plants, and consequently increased total yield (especially by dual inoculation, M+R). (Key words : Alfalfa, Perennial ryegrass, Mycorrhiza, Rhizobium, N and P Utilization, Growth, Yield)

• Mycobiology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.440-447
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• 2018

Dual biocontrol of both insects and plant pathogens has been reported for certain fungal entomopathogens, including Beauveria bassiana and Lecanicillum spp. In this study, we demonstrate, for the first time, the dual biocontrol potential of two fungal isolates identified by morphological and phylogenetic analyses as Isaria javanica. Both these isolates caused mortality in the greater wax moth, and hence can be considered entomopathogens. Spores of the isolates were also pathogenic to nymphs of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), with an $LC_{50}$ value of $10^7spores/mL$ 4 days after inoculation and an $LT_{50}$ of 4.2 days with a dose of $10^8spores/mL$. In vitro antifungal assays also demonstrated a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of two fungi that are pathogenic to peppers, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Phytophthora capsici. These results indicate that I. javanica isolates could be used as novel biocontrol agents for the simultaneous control of aphids and fungal diseases, such as anthracnose and Phytophthora blight, in an integrated pest management framework for red pepper.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2011

Forty yeast strains isolated from soils taken from different locations in Egypt were tested for their P-solubilizing activities on the basis of analyzing the clear zone around colonies growing on a tricalcium phosphate medium after incubation for 5 days at $25^{\circ}C$, denoted as the solubilization index (SI). Nine isolates that exhibited P-solubilization potential with an SI ranging from 1.19 to 2.76 were genetically characterized as five yeasts belonging to the genus Saccharomyces cerevisiae and four non-Saccharomyces, based on a PCR analysis of the ITS1-26S region amplied by SC1/SC2 species-specific primers. The highest P-solubilization efficiency was demonstrated by isolate PSY- 4, which was identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae by a sequence analysis of the variable D1/D2 domain of the 26S rDNA. The effects of single and mixed inoculations with yeast PSY-4 and Bacillus polymyxa on the P-uptake and growth of corn were tested in a greenhouse experiment using different levels of a phosphorus chemical fertilizer (50, 100, and 200 kg/ha super phosphate 15.5% $P_2O_5$). The results showed that inoculating the corn with yeast PSY-4 or B. polymyxa caused significant increases in the shoot and root dry weights and P-uptake in the shoots and roots. The P-fertilization level also had a significant influence on the shoot and root dry weights and P-uptake in the shoots and roots when increasing the P-level from 50 up to 200 kg/ha. Dual inoculation with yeast strain PSY-4 and B. polymyxa at a P-fertilization level of 200 kg/ha gave higher values for the shoot and root dry weights and P-uptake in the shoots and roots, yet these increases were nonsignificant when compared with dual inoculation with yeast strain PSY-4 and B. polymyxa at a P-fertilization level of 100 kg/ha. The best increases were obtained from dual inoculation with yeast strain PSY-4 and B. polymyxa at a P-fertilization level of 100 kg/ha, which induced the following percentage increases in the shoot and root dry weights, and P-uptake in the shoots and roots; 16.22%, 46.92%, 10.09%, and 31.07%, respectively, when compared with the uninoculated control (fertilized with 100 kg/ha).