• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.14
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• pp.85-100
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• 1996

The Studies were conducted to provide the state of mulberry cultivation and it's development in Banguet province (high land) of Philippines. Philippines initiated the sericulture industry with the technical asistance of Japan in 1974 and established mulberry field and sericultural facilities with technical asistance of Korea in 1990 and 1995. The required average of 100 to 150mm per month is not available during the dry season from December to March. Therefore mulching with grass which is available abundantly in the Philippines should be established to conserve moisture, to control soil erosion, surface ran-off and also to increase the humus content in the soil. In chemical properties of mulberry field, the pH value of soil is 4.7, organic matter 1.6%, and available phosphorus 6ppm. Therefore, all fields should do liming and be applied compost. To improve leaf yield for mulberry planted under partial shade area of pine trees, more pruning of pine tree should be done for good sunshining of mulberry, more liming and compost should be applied to improve acidic soil. To control the leaf roller, DDVP and KAFIL are able to be used. When spraying insecticides to control mulberry insect pests, care should be taken to consider the residual effects of chemicals on the leaf. Leaf should be fed to silkworms only after the leaves are free of any residual effects.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.414-423
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• 2016

Growers in plug seedling production think that root media in which rockwool is a component has given rise to several environmental problems. Therefore, the demand for new materials as a substitute for rockwool has been increased. This study examined the possibility of cultivation of tomato plug seedlings using a newly developed growing medium with phenolic foam. Plug seeds of tomato cultivar 'Madison' were sown in four pellet-type growing media: Grodan rockwool (GRW), UR rockwool (URW), phenolic foam LC (LC) or phenolic foam LC-lite (LC-lite). Then, the seedlings were transplanted to the four cube-type growing media 19 days after sowing. Seeds were germinated in a growth chamber ($25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, 80% relative humidity, and dark) for 4 days and then the seedlings were grown with a nutrient solution supplied by an overhead irrigation system in a greenhouse. Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and fresh or dry weight of tomato seedlings were the greatest for the seedlings transplanted to URW cube media after being grown on LC-lite pellets. Root grade was the greatest for the seedlings transplanted on LC or LC-lite cube media after being grown on LC pellets. Chemical properties of all media tested for tomato growth were maintained within a stable range, while physical properties of URW showed high values in container capacity, air space, and total porosity. These results demonstrated that the phenolic foam media were effective for seedling growth and can substitute for rockwool as a root medium.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 2011

The influence of root zone temperature to the induction of inflorescence and growth of Phalaenopsis was investigated. Root zone temperatures were 15, 20, 25, and $30^{\circ}C$, while the air temperature was kept over $28^{\circ}C$ during three months. $CO_2$ uptake, fresh weight, dry weight and branched root number of Phalaenopsis were highest at $25^{\circ}C$ and lowest at $15^{\circ}C$. But, the anthocyanin content was highest at $15^{\circ}C$ and lowest at $25^{\circ}C$. Inflorescence was not induced by root zone cooling temperature below $25^{\circ}C$ for three months. The concentrations of K, Ca and Mg in leaves were changed according to the root zone temperature, but those of N and P were not changed. K content was high at $20^{\circ}C$, whereas Ca and Mg contents were high at $25^{\circ}C$ root zone temperature. This study indicates that Phalaenopsis perceives temperature by shoot and the optimum root-zone temperature for the vegetative growth is $25^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.6
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• pp.692-698
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• 2001

This study has been carried out to estimate aboveground biomass and net primary production(NPP) in an average 41-years-old Quercus variabilis stand of Gongju area, 45-years-old Quercus variabilis stand of Pohang area, and 54-years-old Quercus variabilis stand of Yangyang area. Ten sample trees were cut in each forest and soil samples were collected in July to August, 2000. Estimation for aboveground biomass and net primary production were made by the equation model $Wt=aD^b$ where Wt is oven dry weight in kg and D is DBH in cm. Total aboveground biomass was 91.31ton/ha in Gongju area, 207.6ton/ha in Pohang area, and 71.39ton/ha in Yangyang area. The aboveground biomass 207.6ton/ha in Pohang area is the highest biomass production among the amount of biomass in Quercus variabils stands reported in Korea. The proportion of each tree component to total aboveground biomass was high in order of bolewood, bolebark, branches and leaves in the three forests. Aboveground total net primary production was estimated at 7.8ton/ha in Gongju area, 11.5ton/ha in Pohang area, and 6.40ton/ha in Yangyang area. There were at least 2 times higher total aboveground biomass in Pohang area than in the Gongju and Yangyang areas because of climate difference among the study areas.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.266-274
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• 2008

Korean native plants were investigated for their suitability to be used for floral clusters after drying. Floral clusters which were made in semi-sphere with a hand-tied method and can be fit in $22{\times}22{\times}37cm$ paper boxes were made with 37 species. Among 37 species, the 14 species which were easy to dry, to make floral clusters, and have not been used in other countries, were Echinochloa crus-galli var. frumentacea, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii, Muhlenbergia huegelii, Phleum pratense, Setaria glauca, and Setaria viridis in Gramineae, Artemisia capillaris, Artemisia montana, and Chrysanthemum indicum in Compositae, Agastache rugosa, Elsholtzia ciliata, Elsholtzia splendens in Labiatae, Carex neurocarpa in Cyperaceae, and Vitex rotundifolia in Verbenaceae were used with leaves, flowers, and fruits. The suitable plants for a floral cluster in $22{\times}22{\times}37cm$ paper box, a wreath in $22{\times}22{\times}6cm$ paper box, and a flower arrangement in $22{\times}22{\times}22cm$ paper box, which were made to a set, were 10 species, that is Phragmites communis, Setaria glauca, Setaria viridis, Artemisia capillaris, Artemisia montana, Chrysanthemum indicum, Elsholtzia ciliata, Elsholtzia splendens, Mosla punctulata, and Vitex rotundifolia.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.134-142
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• 2008

This work aims to obtain basic information for seed propagation of Hydrangea serrata for. acuminata. The germination percentage of the seeds taken on 15 November, 30 December, and 23 January was $90.0{\pm}4.16%$, $84.4{\pm}5.52%$, and $88.9{\pm}2.40%$, respectively. This suggest that seeds of Hydrangea serrata for. acuminata are non-dormant seeds. The optimum temperature for germination was $25^{\circ}C$ and light was necessary. Most of the growth parameters (shoot and leaf length, stem diameter, root length, no. of roots, T/R ratio, and fresh and dry wts.) were significantly greater at $25/20^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ than at the other temperatures. Low T/R ratio at relatively cool temperatures (15 and $20^{\circ}C$) was caused by suppressed top growth. In light quality treatment, red light (RL) significantly enhanced stem elongation. The greatest photosynthetic pigments (total chl, chl a/b, and carotenoid) were observed in seedlings grown in blue light (BL), followed by seedlings grown in RL+BL. When blue light was added, higher pigment contents were found. Effect of plug cell size (50, 72, 128, 162 and 200 cells) on the growth of seedlings was investigated. The highest top growth was observed in seedlings grown in 50 cell trays, followed by seedlings grown in 72, 128, 162, and 200 cell trays. However, there was no significant differences between 162 and 200 cell trays. Especially, smaller size leaves were observed in seedlings grown in smaller cell trays (lower volume and high plant density).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.471-474
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• 2007

This study was conducted to provide basic data for productivity of Saururus chinensis Baill. depending on rhizome size. The kinds of the treatment were 4 including below 5mm of rhizome size. Major results were summarized as follows. Sprouting was earlier in above 9mm of rhizome size and the number of last sprouting was increased $84{\sim}109%$ compared with 8.0 $individual/m^2$ of 6mm of rhizome size. Growth of stem showed a good tendency in 6mm of rhizome size with the longer stem length and the thicker stem but the number of tiller was more rhizome was more thicker. Though the number of commercial leaf was more above 9mm of rhizome size leaf length, leaf width and the number of noncommercial leaf did not showed difference by rhizome size. Dry weight of commercial foliar in 9mm of rhizome size over was increased $35{\sim}37%$ compared with 6mm of rhizome size. Therefore, rhizomes size above 9mm showed most effective for increasing sprout and wight of stem and leaves of Saururus chinensis.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2007

In order to find out the cause of plant injury, the symptom of plant injury, and contents of element concerned in the plant were analysed. Also, a case study was conducted to find out the factor of plant injury at a agriculture and industry complex in Gyeongsang province in 2004. The distribution of isomeric curve was made with meteorological data, toxic gas concentration exhausted from pollution source. The general symptom of plant injury by ammonia gas was dry and dead of leaves with white color. At low concentration of ammonia gas, plant leaf showed spots of reddish brown. The characteristic of plant injury symptom by hydrogen fluoride gas was that the symptom was appeared at the edge of leaf. The isomeric curve of sulfur dioxide at the region, where the plant was damaged, showed that the area was affected by exhausted gas from the pollution source. Especially, this area was affected more deeply at summer than any other season.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.304-311
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• 2021

This Experiment was conducted to determine the effects of light shield materials when melon grown inside a plastic greenhouse in summer season. The average temperatures were 36.6℃, 34.5℃ and 34.0℃ respectively for the control(non-shield), coating agent, and the white net. The light transmittances were 69% and 75%, respectively inside the greenhouse treated with the coating agent and white net immediately after applicants, compared with that inside the control greenhouse. At the 40 and 80 days after treatment, the light transmittances for the coating agent were 92% and 98%, respectively, indicating it was slowly decomposed and removed, but there was no change in the transmittance for the white net. While the leaf number did not differ among the treatments, the plant height was higher in the white net and shading agent than in control. The weight of the leaves, fresh-weight and dry-weight were no different from that of shading, but it became heavier in the later stages. The marketable fruit yield was increased by 6% for white nets and 5% for the coating agent compared to control, there was no statistical significance. Therefore, coating agent is considered as an effective method to lower temperature during high temperature period, but it is preferable to use it in consideration of cultivation period, because the coating agent is gradually removed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.709-717
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• 2021

This study evaluated the growth, physiological responses and productivity based on the intercropping ratio of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) with basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). on the rooftops to determine out the efficient ratio in urban agriculture. From April to September 2019, an experiment was conducted on the rooftop of Konkuk University Glocal Campus. Cherry tomato and basil were selected as companion plants for eco-friendly urban agriculture on the rooftops. Each plot was created with a width of 100 cm, length of 100 cm, and height of 25 cm. After installing drainage and waterproof layers from bottom to top, substrate was laid out with a height of 20 cm. Intercropping ratio was consisted of a single tomato plant (TC), 2:1 tomato to basil (T₂B₁), 1:1 tomato to basil (T₁B₁), 1:2 tomato to basil 2 (T₁B₂), and a single basil plant (BC), were conducted using a randomized complete plot design with five treatments and three replication (a total 15 plots). Measurements were divided into growth, physiological responses, and productivity parameters, and detailed items were investigated and analyzed by classifying them into plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, root length, root collar caliper, chlorophyll contents, fresh weight, dry weight, number of fruit, fruit caliper, fruit weight, and sugar content. Comparative analyses of cherry tomato with basil plants by intercropping ratio, growth, physiological, and productivity responses are determined to be efficient when the ratio of cherry tomato to basil ratio is 2:1 or 1:1.