• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to develope antimicrobial artificial suede by coating with water soluble polyurethane resin and the copolymer of N,N'-dialkyl-N,N'-dialkyl ammonium chloride (DADAAC) and acrylamide as a antimicrobial additve. The copolymer of DADAAC and acrylamide was synthesized by free radical initiation and intra-intermolecular propagation, and the prepared copolymers had sufficient compatibility with water soluble polyurethane resin. The MIC values of the prepared copolymers and antimicrobial characteristics of the artificial suede coated by polyurethane were evaluated. With the increase in the proportion of DADAAC, which is antimicrobially active part in the DADAAC/acrylamide copolymers, the MIC value becomes lower. The MIC value of DADAAC-AA (1 : 1) copolymer is below 30 ppm against S. aureus, and below 90 ppm against K pneumoniae. The artificial suede coated by water soluble polyurethane resin with 1.0% owl concentration of DADAAC/acrylamide copolymer has good antimicrobial fastness as to show colony reduction of above 90% and 80% against S. aureus and K. pneumoniae respectively in the shake flask test after 10 times of washing, and above 95% and 85% after 10 times of dry-cleaning. The elastic recovery of coated suede fabric is not affected up to 1.0% owf concentration of DADAAC-AA copolymer in the polyurethane coating.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.415-418
• /
• 2008

This paper presents an innovative prototype of a new conceptual electromagnetic induction-based fluid beating appliance using voltage-fed type scries capacitor-compensated load resonant high-frequency IGBT inverter with a phase-shifted PWM and a power factor correction schemes. Its operating characteristics in steady-state are illustrated including unique features and evaluated on the basis of its computer simulation and experimental results of 10kw breadboard appliance for hot water producer and superheated steamer. The promising cost effective inverter-fed boiler appliances for electromagnetic induction-heated type fluid-heating in the pipeline systems are proposed for induction-heated boiler, super heat steamer, high temperature water producer, hot gas producer and metal catalyst heating for exhaust gas cleaning in engine, which are more suitable and acceptable for industrial, chemical, and consumer energy utilization for household and business from a practical point of view.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 1993

This study examined the expenditure on time-saving services and related variables. The time-saving services are food away from home, delivery food, dry cleaning, clothing care, helper and total service. The specific objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the differences in the expenditure on time saving services according to social economic and demographic variables. (2) to investigate the differences in the expenditure on time-saving services according to role-overload, home goal orientation and work goal orientation. (3) to investigate the independent influence of variables related to the expenditure on time-saving services. For this objectives survey was conducted using interview. The data used in this study included 160 women living in Seoul from employed professional housewives, employed non-professional housewives and non-employed housewives. Statistical analyses were conducted using frequencies, percentiles, mean, oneway ANOVA, DUNCAN-test and multiple regression. The major findings were: (1) Wife's education, wife's age, income, tenure, level of living and employment status were significantly related to the expenditure on time-saving services by using the one-way ANOVA. (2) Income, education, level of living, number of children, and employment status explained the variance of the expenditures on time-saving services about 20%-39% by using a multiple regression method.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.878-888
• /
• 2016

In this study, wool/nylon(50/50%) blend yarn and its fabrics for tra-biz(complex word of travel+business) garment were prepared, and its wear comfort characteristics were investigated through thermal manikin and human-body wearing experiment. In addition, tactile wearing performance from fabric mechanical properties and the dimensional stability and the pilling of the fabric specimen during wearing and dry-cleaning were measured and compared with those of wool 100% fabric specimen. Heat keepability of the wool/nylon(50/50%) blend fabric by thermal manikin experiment was superior than that of wool 100% fabric, this result was verified with human-body wearing experiment and its result coincided well with this experimental result. Tactile wearing performance of the wool/nylon(50/50%) fabric from fabric mechanical properties measured by FAST system was better than that of the wool 100% fabric. The dimensional stability of the wool/nylon(50/50%) fabric was more stable than that of the wool 100% fabric. Because relaxation shrinkage was lower and hygral expansion of wool 100% fabric was more high. However, the breathability and pilling property of the wool/nylon(50/50%) fabric were inferior than those of the wool 100% fabric. The possibility of application for tra-biz garment of wool/nylon(50/50%) blend fabric was observed because of good heat keepability, tactile wearing performance and washing fastness.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.125-130
• /
• 2003

To develop natural dyeing materials from the unused plant materials, we had several dyeing experiments to investigate the optimum conditions of dyeing fabrics with the dyebath extracted from wisteria. Dyeing experiments were done under different dyeing conditions of dyeing temperature, pH of dyebath, dyeing time, concentration of dyebath and mordant treatment which were treated after dyeing. Experimental fabrics were silk, wool, cotton, ramie and hemp. Color difference(ΔE) and Munsell's HV/C of the dyed fabrics and color fastness of silk and cotton fabrics to dry cleaning, washing, rubbing, perspiration and light were measured. In silk and wool fabrics(non mordant, dyeing time-20min), color differences increased in case of dyeing temperature of $100^{\circ}C$, but in cotton, ramie and hemp fabrics, color differences did not increase. Without mordant treatment, color differences of all experimental fabrics were about 10-20, so in wisteria dyeing mordant treatment was necessary. Color differences were increased by the mordant treatment; the color of dyed fabrics with Al mordant is dull yellow, Cu mordant is gold and Fe mordant is olive tone. Color difference was not affected by pH of dyebath in all experimental fabrics. On the whole, the color fastness of dyed silk and cotton fabrics were good, but color fastness to washing and perspiration in Fe mordant was weak and improved in Cu mordant.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.562-573
• /
• 2008

Concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured from the local industrial sources in Wanju industrial complex during June $2007{\sim}January$ 2008. The samples were collected from the primary sources (6 emission points) in 4 major factories in Wanju industrial complex as well as two general sources in Wanju County to elucidate the abundances of speciated VOCs and their spacial and temporal distributions depending on source bases. Industrial sources are as follows; fabricated metal manufacture, motor vehicle manufacture, rubber and plastic manufacture, and chemical manufacture factories. Two general source samples were collected from gasoline gas station and dry cleaning shop in urban area. In order to understand the near source influence at receptor, samples from the two receptor sites (one is at center of the industrial complex and the other site is at distance residential area downwind from the center) were collected with sample canister, and analyzed by using GC/MSD. The concentrations from different sources were compared and discussed. The mass contributions of the speciated VOCs to total VOCs measured from industrial sources and ambient ai r at two receptors were presented and discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.27
• /
• pp.121-132
• /
• 1996

This study showed the proper pigment extract in the Phe. Dyeing which is the basic dye of the natural plants dyeing,. Also it compared and examined the K/S the promotion of the color fastness and the effect of color difference change were attended by mordants and method of mordanting. 1. The most absorbance of Phellodendron. sol-ution is 330nm berberine is 430nm. 2. The best and proper temperature to extrat Phe,. was 80 and dyeing solution for 24 hours. 3. The pH effect was stable in the absorbances and color differences change. 4. Mordanted group increased the absorbances compared to non-mordanted sample. In case depth the most absorbance of Al. Sn. K. Cu and C. A solution were in 3% Fe and Cr were in 5%. In the color difference change they became dark reduced greenish and increased yellowish when their absorbances were in 3% 5. K./S was recoginzed by tainnin and fe, K/S was more increased pre-mordants than post-mordants. 6. Fe is the unchangable mordant in the color difference change and pre-mordants is more stable than post-mordants in the difference color. 7. Generally light C. F indicated more than grade 2 and light C. F, was much improved in post-mordanted by alumium potassium potass-ium dichromate. Washing C.F was improved in mordanted by tainnin and ferrous suulfate mordanted group was better than non-mordanted sample. Perspir-ation C,F was more stable in acid than alkali. Dry cleaning C.F indicated more than grade. 4.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.866-872
• /
• 2010

This study investigates the methods of the natural dyeing of silk fabrics with Machilus thunbergii cortex extract. After the dyeing of silk with a Machilus thunbergii cortex extract, the dyeability of the Machilus thunbergii cortex extract was evaluated with the dyeing time, concentration, temperature, the numbers of repeated dyeing, the pH of the dyebath, the changes of the K/S value, and surface colors by the methods of mordanting and color fastness. The effective dyeing conditions with silk fabrics were at a concentration of 120g/L, the dyeing temperature at $80^{\circ}C$, and the dyeing time for one hour ten minutes. The effective number of repeated dyeing was three times. The dyeing operation was carried out in a neutral dyebath of pH 7. The K/S value was higher in most of the pre-mordants (except the Sn mordant) and a high K/S value was shown in the copper pre-mordant. The colors of the silk fabrics with Machilus thunbergii cortex were of various brown shades. The color difference was distinct when using the Fe-mordant and the colorfastness of all the dyed samples was low; however, the dry cleaning fastness was excellent at the 4-5 grade.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2006

Turmeric is aromatic, perennial herb, up to 1m high and distributed in East Asia. Parts used of it Rhizomes and is known to be used a medicinal stuff yellow dye stuff from past to nowadays in the Oriental region. The objectives of this study were to investigate and to compare to the dyeability of Turmeric according to pH, temperature, mordants, and the antimicrobial properties of wool dyed with turmeric. The results of this study are as follows: The wavelengths of the strongest absorption of Turmeric extract were 420 nm respectively. The extracted dye from Turmeric has affinity to wool. The dyeing rates are decreased according to diluting times and the dyeing rates are increased according to high temperature. The color of pH 3-7 is yellow green, over pH 9 is turned to orange yellow. The color of the non-mordant sample is yellow but it changed to bright yellow by Al, to orange yellow by Cu mordant, and to brown yellow by Fe mordant. The launder fastness and is not good, 2-4 grade and the light fastness is bad, 2-3 grade, but the dry-cleaning fastness is generally good, 4-5 grade. The fabrics dyed with Turmeric extract showed high antibacterial property on Staphylococcus aureus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.550-564
• /
• 1993

The purpose of this study is to investigate the consumer's claims related to clothing merchandise. By th origination stage of claims, details of claims, and treatments of claims purchasing places of clothing merchandise, the consumer's claims are analyzed which were lodged to in consumer's complaint center, Seoul YWCA, in 1981-1990. To analyze these data statistically, frequency and percentile are used. The results of analysis for consumer's claims are as next : 1. Concerning the sex distinction, female complainers are more than male complainers. About the age bracket, twenties and thirties are the most numerous. The originations of claims being various. It is laundry and dry cleaning stage out of them that rank first, and total numbers of claims for clothing products continually have increased during 1981-1990. Out of the clothing items, outerwears are of the first rank and formal wear and coat are highest in rank of outerwears. For claims about purchasing places, agency ranked first and market, department store, custome-made and discount store came after in order. 2. Concerning the contents, quality of clothing product ranks first, inferior service, price, contrast, unfair transaction ranks in order. There are claims about quality of clothing product that color change ranks first and damage and form change rank in order. 3. The treatments of claims are that counsel, exchange, refund, repair and correction rank in order.