• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 2015

The drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptom (DRESS) syndrome is a severe adverse drug-induced reaction which includes a severe skin eruption, fever, hematologic abnormalities (eosinophilia or atypical lymphocytes) and internal organ involvement. The most frequently reported drug was anticonvulsants. The diagnosis of DRESS syndrome is challenging because the pattern of cutaneous eruption and the types of organs involved are various. The treatments for DRESS syndrome are culprit drug withdrawal and corticosteroids. Here we report a 71-year-old man with skin eruption with eosinophilia and hepatic and renal involvement that appeared 4 weeks after he had taken anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid, ethambutol, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide), and resolved after stopping anti-tuberculosis drugs and the administration of systemic corticosteroids. DRESS recurred after re-challenging isoniazid, we identified isoniazid was causative drug.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.303-312
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of the study was to analyze the difference in the importance and performance of the educational content of the community pharmacy practice and find the factors that influence it. Methods: A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire asked about the importance and performance of the pharmacy practice education items to community pharmacy preceptors, current students, and professors. Data were analyzed using Microsoft office 365 Excel and IBM SPSS 21.0. Results: A total of 117 people participated. The averages of importance and performance were 4.34±0.34 and 3.71±0.45, respectively. Except for the computational entry of prescriptions and medication history, the average score for the importance of all educational items was statistically significantly higher than the one for performance. Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) identified over-the-counter medication counseling, over-the-counter drug selection consultation, pharmacy management, adverse drug reaction monitoring, and understanding and implementation of drug use evaluation as the items that needed focused effort. Borich's needs were highest in the adverse drug reaction monitoring. Conclusions: Overall, high importance and low performance indicate a need for improvement in community pharmacy practice education. Since the demand for education was high in over-the-counter medication counseling, adverse drug reaction monitoring, and OTC drug selection consultation, various supports are urgently needed to strengthen pharmacy practice education in this area in the future.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2015

Genetically modified (GM) papaya line 55-1, which is resistant to PRSV infection, has been marketed globally. Prompt and sensitive protocols for specific detections are essential for the traceability of this line. Here, an event- and construct-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was established to detect 55-1. Qualitative detection was possible for fresh papaya fruit up to dilutions of 0.005% and 0.01% for the homozygous SunUp and heterozygous Rainbow cultivars, respectively, in non-GM papaya. The method was applied in the qualitative detection of 55-1 in eight types of commercially processed papaya products. Additionally, papaya products were monitored to distinguish GM papaya using the P35S and T-nos RT-PCR detection methods. As expected, detection capacity was improved via modified sample preparation and the established RT-PCR detection method. Taking these results together, it can be suggested that a suitable method for the extraction and purification of DNA from processed papaya products was established for the detection of GM papaya.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the attitude and knowledge of community pharmacists to spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting. A survey was conducted in 103 community pharmacists in Seoul and Kyung-Gi Province from September to October, 2009. Almost half (53, 51.5%) and three-fourths (79, 76.7%) of respondents knew they could participate in ADR reporting in the Regional Pharmacovigilance Center (RPC) or Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). However, only three of them have reported an ADR to the RPC and none of them have reported to KFDA. A majority of the respondents (96, 93.2%) felt that ADR reporting was a professional obligation for pharmacists. The purpose of an ADR reporting was incorrectly identified by most pharmacists. ADR reporting was encouraged if the reaction was serious and a new product. The most frequently mentioned barriers to reporting were: uncertainty concerning the causal relationship (86.3%) and not knowing how to report an ADR (83.2%). Only 19 (18.4%) respondents had received education on how to report ADR. Education was the most recognized method of improving ADR reporting. This study showed the knowledge of ADR reporting among community pharmacists is inadequate. Education and training should be reinforced in order to improve ADR reporting by community pharmacists.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2007

Drug eruption is a cutaneous reaction caused by various drugs. It is a very common drug induced adverse reaction. Contrast media induced drug eruption is rare. But approximately 10% of people injected with contrast media experience adverse reaction, and drug eruption accounts for more than 40% of all adverse reactions. We report a case of mild drug eruption and its treatment process based on korean traditional medicine. The patient is a 50 years old female diagnosed with functional dyspepsia. The patient had gastric discomfort and alternation between diarrhea and constipation. All symptoms showed nearly complete remission with continued korean traditional medical treatment. The patient had been injected with contrast media for Computed tomography(CT) evaluation of her breast cancer history. Rashes appeared on back and abdomen, and urticaria and pruritus appeared on the patient's finger 1 day after injection. We prescribed Goreisan(TSUMURA CO &, TJ-17) and acupuncture on Quchi(LI11), Zusanli(ST36), Yangxi(LI5), Yanggu(SI5). Consequently, the drug eruption showed remarkable improvement. So the author reports korean traditional medicine is effective complementary treatment for drug eruption.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.75-78
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• 2019

Although rare, antihistamines can cause adverse effects, including drug-induced eruptions or anaphylaxis. A 4-year-old child visited the pediatric department of a hospital for skin eruptions after administration of antihistamines, (e.g., ucerax [hydroxyzine] or leptizine [levocetirizine]), for cholinergic rashes; he did not have pruritus. Skin prick, intradermal, and drug provocation tests were performed to determine the relationship between the antihistamines and eruptions. Levocetirizine induced wheals in the skin prick test and a rash in the oral drug provocation test. In contrast, ketotifen induced no reaction in the skin prick test but showed a positive reaction in the oral provocation test. Our case report highlights that children can experience the same types of adverse reactions as seen in adults, and cross-reactivity between various antihistamines can occur.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.304-309
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• 2011

Purpose: There are very few reports of adverse drug reactions (ADR) and almost no study of drug provocation test (DPT) in Korean children. We aimed to assess the role of DPT in children with unpredictable ADRs, and compare the causative drugs and clinical characteristics between detailed history of ADRs and result of DPTs. Methods: We included 16 children who were experienced ADRs referred to pediatric allergy clinic at Ajou University Hospital (January 2006 to December 2009). With various suspected drugs, 71 DPTs were done in 16 patients using our own protocol, and skin tests to antibiotics were combined in ADRs to antibiotics in medical history. Results: There were 17 (23.9%) positive DPTs results out of 71 individual DPTs, and 11 patients (68.8%) from 16 patients were positive to at least one drug. Drugs causing positive reactions were acetaminophen in 5 (31%), Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in 4 (25%), penicillin in 3 (19%), cephalosporin in 2 (13%), and cotrimoxazole, macrolide and lactose in 1 each. Conclusion: DPT seems a safe and useful procedure to confirm causative drug and identify safely administering alternative drugs in children with ADR.

• Journal of Interdisciplinary Genomics
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2021

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is a hypersensitivity reactions to specific medications, and remain a common and major problem in healthcare. ADRs suchc as drug-induced liver injury and life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms can be occurred by uncontrolled expansion of oligoclonal T cells according to genetically predisposing HLA. In this review, I summarized the alleles of HLA genes which have been proposed to have association with ADRs caused by different drugs.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.138-144
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• 2015

Objective: It is to evaluate the drug interaction monitoring program as a pilot project to develop a pharmaceutical care model in a medical intensive care unit and to analyze the influencing factors of drug interactions. Method: Electronic medical records were retrospectively investigated for 116 patients who had been hospitalized in a medical intensive care unit from October to December in 2014. The prevalence of adverse reaction with risk rating higher than 'D' was investigated by Lexi-$Comp^{(R)}$ Online database. The factors related with potential drug interaction and with treatment outcomes were analyzed. Results: The number of patients with a potential interaction of drug combination was 92 (79.3%). Average ages, the length of stay in the intensive care unit and the numbers of prescription drugs showed significant differences between drug interaction group and non-drug interaction group. Opioids (14.4%), antibiotics (7.2%), and diuretics (7.2%) were most responsible drug classes for drug interactions and the individual medications included furosemide (6.4%), tramadol (4.9%), and remifentanil (4.5%). There were 950 cases with a risk rating of 'C' (84.6%), 142 cases with a risk rating of 'D' (12.6%), and 31 cases with a risk rating of 'X' (avoid combination) (2.8%). The factors affecting drug interactions were the number of drugs prescribed (p < 0.0001) and the length of stay at intensive care unit (p < 0.01). The patients in intensive care unit showed a high incidence of adverse reactions related to potential drug interaction. Therefore, drug interaction monitoring program as a one of pharmaceutical care services was successfully piloted and it showed to prevent adverse reaction and to improve therapeutic outcomes. Conclusion: Active participation of a pharmacist in the drug management at the intensive care unit should be considered.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2007

This study was aimed to provide the controlled terminology for adverse drug reactions by selecting an appropriate internationally standardized classifications (WHO-ART or MedDRA). We collected the relevant information on ADR terminology systems including WHO-ART and MedDRA by online searching and visiting pharmaceutical companies and WHO UMC (Uppsala Monitoring Centre, Uppsala, Sweden). For MedDRA, project leader directly communicated with the officer of MSSO (Maintenance and Support Services Organization). Collecting all the pertinent information, two possible terminology classifications or systems (WHO-ART and MedDRA) were compared in the views of acceptability, cost-effectiveness and international feasibility and reviewed by the consultation committee and finally WHO-ART was selected.